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2004 Vol.21 Issue.6,
Published 2004-11-15
Article
Article
391
Preparation and Characterization of New Conducting Polymers: Poly N-[5-(8-Quinolinol)ylmethyl]aniline
SHI Yu-quan~1, AI Xiao-kang~1, XU Dan~1, HU Ming~2
The new conducting polymers of Poly N-[5-(8-quinolinol)ylmethyl]aniline was synthesized by chemical oxidation. The structure and property of base and doping Poly N-[5-(8-quinolinol)ylmethyl]aniline were characterized and analyzed by IR, UV-Vis spectra and fluorescence photometer. The result shows that the conducting polymers, whether doping or not, all have better fluorescence property and conductivity at the same time.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 391-394 [
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395
Process for Oxidation of α-Cellulose by Orthogonal Experiments
MENG Shu-xian, FENG Ya-qing, LIANG Zu-pei, ZHANG Wei-hong, FU Qiang
The preparation of different aldehyde content oxycellulose was studied by orthogonal experiments in this paper. The influences of reaction temperature, ratio of cellulose to NaIO_4, pH value of solution were discussed when NaIO_4 was used as the oxidizing agent and α-cellulose as the starting material. The more important factors that affect the aldehyde content of oxycellulose were the temperature and the content of NaIO_4, the less important factors were pH value and the ratio of cellulose to NaIO_4. The best oxidation conditions were determined. When the reaction temperature is 50 ℃, the pH value is 3, the ratio of cellulose to NaIO_4 is 0.5, the oxycellulose with 80% aldehyde content can be obtained. It especially meets with the need of experiment design.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 395-397 [
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398
Calculation of Thermal Capacity for Haloalkanes by Molecular Structure Vibration Nature Frequencies
QIU Ming-hua, CAO Chen-zhong, ZENG Rong-jin
A haloalkane molecule can be treated as a system of multi-freedom vibration. Using the method of modal analysis method of theory of vibration, the fundamental frequency and total frequency are calculated. The fundamental frequency (ω_0), the total frequency (∑ω_i), the numbers of the mass-points (N) and the numbers of (C—H) in the molecules (n_H) are selected as structural information indices of the molecules. The QSPR model is expressed as:C_p=a_0+a_1ω_0+a_2∑ω_i+a_3n_H+a_4N.Based on the model, the multivariate regression analyses are performed in the data sets at the same temperature, and the different temperature. The relationship between the structural indices and the properties may be expressed in a secondary polynomial function of (1/T). The correlation coefficients are more than 0.996.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 398-405 [
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406
Influence of Calcinations Conditions of TiO_2 on Photocatalytic Degradation of Formaldehyde
XIAO Xin-yan~1, WAN Cai-xia~2, ZHANG Hui-ping~1
In this experiment, titanium dioxide is used as photocatalyst to proceed formaldehyde photocatalytic degradation reaction. Influences of the calcination temperature and time on the reaction are studied. And the kinetics of the degradation reaction is simulated with zero- and first-order kinetic models. The result shows that formaldehyde photocatalytic degradation reaction obeys the rule of first-order kinetic reaction.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 406-409 [
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410
Synthesis and Spectral Properties of Meso-tetra(p-hexadecyloxynaphthyl) porphyrin
TAO Min-li~1, LIU Dong-zhi~1, ZHOU Xue-qin~2
A kind of novel compound meso-tetra(p-hexadecyloxynaphthyl) porphyrin 3 was synthesized from p-hydroxynaphthaldehyde and characterized by (()~1H) NMR, IR and UV-Vis spectra. The introduction of long carbon chain naphthyl group can enhance the conjugate degree of the porphyrin, and cause red-shift of the absorption spectra. The fluorescence spectrum exhibit that the maxium excitation wavelength red-shifts by 7 nm in 3 compared with that in tetraphenylporphyrin. The reaction condition of p-hydroxynaphthaldehyde and the corresponding long carbon chain ether were studied.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 410-413 [
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414
Synthesis of the Derivative of α-D-Allofuranose
ZHANG Li-mei, ZHANG Wei-hong, FENG Ya-qing, YU Xiao-jia, MENG Xiang-qi
The synthesis of 3-O-benzoyl-1,2,5,6-O-diisopropylidene-α-D-allofuranose was studied in this paper. With α-D-glucose as raw material, 3-O-benzoyl-1,2,5,6-O-diisopropylidene-α-D-allofuranose was synthesized by isopropylene protection, oxidation, reduction and benzoylation. Product of each step and final products were characterized by TLC and (()~1H-NMR.) The route is simple and convenient and the raw material can be obtained easily.This method has potential for application.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 414-417 [
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418
Compatibilizing Agent for the Blend System of Polypropylene and Starch
SUN Yan-xia,ZHANG Shuang-nan,XU Xiao-qiu,LI Jing-qing
In this paper octadecyl acrylate(OA)-maleic anhydride(MA) copolymer were prepared and used as compatibilizing agent of the blend system of polypropylene,starch and inorganic filler,which can be used as photo-biodegradable plastic.According to the analysis of mechanical properties,rheological properties,and DSC results,the prepared OA-MA copolymer is suitable to be used as the compatipilizing agent for the blend system.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 418-420 [
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421
Liquid Membrane Oscillation During Becoming Soap Reaction
HE Zhan-bo,HE Feng,ZHAI Jun-hong
It was found from experiment that irregular oscillations of pH,electric potential and conductivity were produced at the interface between oil and water in the W_1/O/W_2 three phases system consisted with saturation Ca(OH)_2 aqueous,kerosene solution of oleic acid and CTAB aqueous.The mechanism was explained by substitution of components and comparison of additives.The oscillations were produced from becoming soap reaction between oleic acid and calcium alkali.Its product of surfactant-calcium soap was key component and CTAB was main assistants.The reversible property of the oscillation was also discovered with electrifying alternating current on the system after the reaction.And it can be explained by the changes of emulsion formation and break.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 421-424 [
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425
Stability of p-Nitrophenoxy Ethanol in the Alkaline Medium
LIU Qiao-yun~1,XI Hai-tao~2,JIANG Yan~2,SUN Xiao-qiang~2
p-nitrophenoxy ethanol as one of aryl ethers is chosen to study the behaviour of the ether bond cleavage in the alkaline medium.The results of the experiments showed that p-nitrophenoxy ethanol became more and more unstable with higher alkaline concentration,stronger alkaline,higher reaction temperature,longer reaction time,stronger activity of nucleophilic reagent,extent of ether bond cleavage became more and more intensive,the behaviour of solvent participation has been discovered.Degree of conversion of p-nitrophenoxy ethanol has been determined by high performance liquid chromatographic instrument.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 425-428 [
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429
Method for Reducing the Content of Free —NCO in Prepolymer of TDI-TMP
YANG Mei~1,LU Yan-hong~2,ZHANG Long~2
In order to reduce the content of —NCO in prepolymer of TDI-TMP,caprolactam was used to block the —NCO group of prepolymer as the blocking agent.The parameters influencing the blocking reaction were researched,such as the quantity of blocking agent,reaction temperature,the kind and quantity of catalyst.The content of free —NCO in the prepolymer can be reduced to less than 0.5% at the condition that SD-101 was used as catalyst at amount of 0.3%,and reacting 3 hours at 80 ℃.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 429-431 [
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1771
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432
Development of Solar Spectrally Selective Absorbing Coatings for Medium & High-Temperature Applications
LI Jin-hua~1,SONG Kuan-xiu~1,WANG Yi-ping~2
In recent years,the research and solar spectrally selective absorbing coatings for medium & high-temperature applications (hereinafter briefly called ACMHA) in industry have been given more and more attention.This paper summarized their basic types, absorption mechanisms and preparation methods and introduced the research work and new results of many scientific groups at home and abroad.Furthermore,this paper discussed the advantages and disadvantages of preparation methods for ACMHA as well as its development direction.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 432-437 [
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1828
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438
Progress in Dilution Crystallization
BAO Ying~
Dilution crystallization is a usual method for separation and purification.It is widely used in chemical industry,pharmaceutical industry,food industry and so on.Some new research fields were extended in recent years,for instance,study on mixing technique of diluent entrance,where mixing situation markedly affect crystal characteristics and study on finely crystal preparation by dilution crystallization coupled with supercritical fluid technique.In this paper,the progress in five aspects including application and development,kinetics,mixing and agglomeration,crystal shape and polymorph and supercritical fluid dilution crystallization were reviewed for dilution crystallization.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 438-443 [
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444
Application and Technology of Microwave Assisted Extraction
ZHANG Cheng, JLA Shao-yi
Microwave assisted extraction has attracted growing interest as it allows rapid extractions of solutes from solid matrices in recent years,with high extraction efficiency comparable to that of the classical techniques. Microwave assisted extraction consists of heating the extractant in contact with the sample with microwave energy. But unlike classical heating,microwaves heat all the sample simultaneously without heating the vessel. Therefore, the solution reaches its boiling point very rapidly, leading to very short extraction times. This review gives a brief presentation of the theory of microwave and extraction systems,a discussion of the main parameters that influence the extraction efficiency,and the main results on the applications.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 444-447 [
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1842
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448
Progress in Key Technologies of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
JIA Rong-li, WANG Cheng-yang, WANG Su-mei
The operation principle and character of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) were introduced. The recent progress in the key technologies in PEMFC,including composition of proton exchange membrane (PEM), membrane electrode assembly (MEA),preparation of electrocatalyst,and management of water and heat, was reviewed. And the developing status of PEMFC in China was summarized.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 448-451 [
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452
Review and Application of Liquid Materials Treatment Using Non-Equilibrium Plasma
YAN Zong-cheng, WANG Hong-lin, CHEN Li
In this paper, the application of liquid materials treatment using atmospheric non-equilibrium plasma in chemical industry and environmental protection is reviewed. The mechanisms of contact glow-discharge electrolysis,waste water treatment using plasma and liquid materials plasma sterilization are discussed. The molecules of solvent and solute decomposed in the course of non-equilibrium plasma electrolysis, and non-Faradaic chemical yields observed.The radiolytic mechanism combined with two reaction-zone hypothesis can explain the non-Faradaic electrolysis phenomenon. The characters of waste water treatments using dielectric barrier discharge, pulsed high direct voltage discharge and contact glow-discharge cold plasma are analyzed. Atmospheric non-equilibrium plasma is regarded as a special bactericide,and the main research points of this technique are analyzed.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 452-456 [
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457
Property of Polypropylene Fiber and Its Application in Cement
FU He-qing~1, ZOU Gui-mei~2, ZHANG Xin-ya~1, HUANG Hong~1, CHEN Huan-qin~2
The properties of crack resistance,impact resistance, frost resistance and fatigue resistance of cement were improved by adding polypropylene fiber. Mechanism of fiber modifying cement were analyzed. The application of polypropylene fiber in cement was introduced and the development of polypropylene fiber cement was pointed out. Research on high capable, more functional and complex polypropylene fiber modifying cement was important.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 457-460 [
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1862
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461
Mathematical Model of Continuous Multistage Crystallization of m-Phthalic Acid
LONG Bing-wen,WANG Li-sheng,ZHOU Hai-ge
Based on the population balance,a model for simulating practical industrial crystallizers with 5 stages for m-phthalic acid continuous crystallization from aqueous solution at high temperature has been developed.The crystallization kinetic parameters have been estimated by fitting the measured data.Using the model with these parameters,the crystal size distribution(CSD)of the product has been predicted,and the effect of operating conditions on CSD has been discussed.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 461-466 [
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467
Simulation Optimization and Enlargement of Waste Water Stripping Column
PENG Jian-li~1, LI Ping-li~1, ZHANG Yuan-zheng~2, CHEN Shu-xun~2, FENG Ya-qing~1
The sulfurous waste water striping unit of Huabei Petrochemical Company was simulated in this paper. The simulated results agree very well with the practical data. The affecting factors, such as the flowrate of the cold feed stream to the hot feed stream, the flowrate of the top product, the flowrate of the side draw product and the top pressure of the column, were investigated to the waste water striping column. The suitable operating conditions were obtained.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 467-470 [
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471
Isothermal Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium for Maleic Anhydride and Di-n-Butyl Phthalate Binary System
LI Zhong-bo,QI Xin, XU Li-yong, TANG Xiang-yang, AN Ying
Vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data for maleic anhydride (MA) and its organic recovery solvents are important to the development of new MA process. Isothermal VLE data for maleic anhydride and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP)binary system at 413.15 K, 433.15 K and 453.15 K were measured with a modified ebulliometer. The experimental results were correlated and equilibrium compositions of the liquid and vapor phase were calculated using NRTL model and mean evaporation coefficient of the ebulliometer. Also parameters of the NRTL model for MA-DBP binary system were presented.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 471-474 [
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475
Preparation and Adsorption Characteristic of Magnetic Powder/Activated Carbon Compounds
ZHANG Qiao-li,CHEN-Xu,YUAN-Biao
Magnetic liquid and magnetic powder were prepared by co-precipitation method and catalytic activated method respectively.The magnetic powder/activated carbon compounds were achieved by two different methods,mixed activated carbon with magnetic powder and mixed activated carbon with magnetic liquid.The microstructure of activated carbon were presented by SEM.Magnetic characteristic was studied by magnetic strength instruments.Adsorptive capability was measured by adsorption iodine method,and based on Freundlich equilibrium equation adsorptive iodine of adsorbents was got.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 475-478 [
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479
Volumetric Mass Transfer Coefficient in a Multi-Compartment Airlift Loop Reactor
YU Da-qiu, LIU Yong-min, ZHU Hui-hong
Model equation for the calculation of volumetric mass transfer coefficient in a multi-compartment airlift loop reactor was developed on the base of Higbie's penetration theory. Specific gas liquid interfacial areas and volumetric mass transfer coefficient were experimentally investigated with chemical method. The effects of superficial gas velocities and concentrations of catalyst on mass transfer property were discussed, and the agreement of calculated values and the experimental data was verified in this paper.
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 479-483 [
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484
2004 Vol. 21 (6): 484-491 [
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