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Current Issue
2005 Vol.22 Issue.1,
Published 2005-01-15
Article
Article
1
Preparation and Characterization of Nano-Crystalline TiO_2 Sensing Film
WANG Bao-guo,WANG Su-mei,ZHANG Jin-li,LI Wei~*,LIU Ya-juan Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)
Nanometer titania inorganic film using polyethylene glycol(PEG) as matrix and tetrabutylorthotitanate as inorganic precursor was successfully prepared. SEM,XRD and XPS were used to characterize the microstructure and crystallite morphology. The nanocrystalline TiO_2 films were integral and crack-free with small pores, whose crystallitic sizes were nanometer and even. The films spinned on sapphire tended to show semiconducting properties at 350 ℃. The p-type TiO_2 thin films have potential for development of a novel gas sensor.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 1-3 [
Abstract
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1715
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278KB] (
3049
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4
Adsorption Kinetics of Surfactant at Air/Solution Interface
LIU Jun-ji, WANG Chuang-ye, XU Ling
The diffusion equation was solved and the dynamic surface adsorption Γ(t),which was always used to describe the adsorption at air/solution interfaces,was derived.Two cases of adsorption,i.e. the short time limit and the long time limit,were mainly discussed.As an example,surfactant C_(12)E_7 was chosen and the equilibria and the dynamic surface tensions of its aqueous solution at 25 ℃ were measured.It was proved that for the short time limit the whole process was controlled only by diffusion,however,within the long time range a mixed diffusion-adsorption controlled process appeared.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 4-7 [
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1653
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324KB] (
2370
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8
Thermodynamic Analysis of Synthesis of Toluene-2,4-Dicarbamate
WANG Gui-rong,ZHAO Xin-qiang,WANG Yan-ji
The synthesis of toluene-2,4-dicarbamate (TDC) from 2,4-diamino toluene and dimethyl carbonate is a complex reaction system.The reaction heat,Gibbs free energy change and equilibrium constant of the reactions are calculated by methods of group contribution.The effect of methanol content in the raw material on the yield of TDC is investigated.The comparison among the estimated data,literature data and experimental data show that the results of estimation are reasonable,and the results are very important for experimental research and scale-up of the process.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 8-13 [
Abstract
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2515
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239KB] (
2818
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14
Effect of Calcinate Temperature on Properties of Ferric Oxide Dye from Iron Mud Through Dry Process
WANG Yan-hong, WANG Jun, SHEN Mei-qingSchool of Chemical Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)
The effect of calcinate temperature on properties of ferric oxide dye,produced from iron mud through the dry process,was studied in this paper.The samples were investigated by XRD and chromatic analysis.The results showed that calcinate temperature was an important factor in the preparation process of iron oxide.When calcinate temperature below 700 ℃,the iron oxide crystal was not integrity and the color was light;while at 800 ℃,the crystal was α-Fe_2O_3;and while above 900 ℃,the crystal had no change but the color became dark.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 14-16 [
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1761
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215KB] (
3572
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17
Development of New Acid and Alkali Resistant Mortar
ZHANG Guang-xin, ZHANG Min-huaory for Green Chemical Technology of State Education Ministry,School of Chemical Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)
A new type of furan resin was first designed and the synthetic process of the new resin was thoroughly analyzed experimentally.The mortar was made with the new resin precursor,curing agent and inert filler.The dynamic performance,corrosion rate and coking time of the mortar were tested under normal temperature and after heat treatment and corrosion individually.The results indicate the mortar is highly resistant to acid and alkali medium.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 17-19 [
Abstract
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1654
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285KB] (
2536
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20
Synthesis of Dicyclohexyl Phthalate by Transesterification
HU Ying-xi,LIU Xia,CHEN Chi-yang
Dicyclohexyl phthalate was prepared without solvent by transesterifying di-methyl-o-phthalate with cyclohexanol in the presence of organic-tin as a catalyst.The effects of catalyst and its amount,temperature,reaction time and molar ratio of the raw material on the reaction were studied.The experimental results show the yield of dicyclohexyl phthalate can be 93.5% when di-methyl-o-phthalate is 0.2 mol,cyclohexanol is 0.44 mol,catalyst amount is 1.4 g,reaction time is 5 h,and reaction temperature is ranged from 140 ℃ to 150 ℃.The melting point of the product is 63 ℃—65 ℃.Elemental analysis,IR and ()~1HNMR were performed to characterize the structure of the product.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 20-23 [
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1777
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257KB] (
2763
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24
Quad Orthogonal Test in Optimizing the Hydrogenation of Pentene
MA Hong-xi,XIE Jia-ming,CHEN Li-hua
Quad orthogonal test was used to optimize the condition for hydrogenation of residual C_5.Necessary experiments had been done based on the table of quad orthogonal experiment with four factors,such as pressure,ratio of hydrogen to pentene,inlet temperature and gas velocity of liquid,at five levels.The mathematical model on the relationship among the four factors and total conversion of pentenes had been set up according to the experiment data,the model was proved reasonable by comparing the experimental data and the calculating data.The optimum condition of residual C_5 hydrogenation had been found.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 24-27 [
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1885
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2324
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28
Batch Distillation with a Cold Still Pot for the Separation of Heat Sensitive Material
ZHAI Ya-rui~1,CUI Xian-bao~2,YANG Zhi-cai~2,CHEN Li-gong~1,ZHANG Chang-gui~3,TANG Jing-jun~4
A distillation process for the separation of heat sensitive material is proposed.The equipment for such a process is made up of a cold still pot,a preheat-cool exchanger,a pump,an evaporator,a distillation column and a condenser.The degradation index of such a process is much less than that of conventional batch distillation process.By simulation,the effects of reflux ratio,the area of the preheat-cool exchanger,cool duty of still pot,heat duty of evaporator and the liquid flow recycled by pump on heat sensitive material distillation are studied.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 28-32 [
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1838
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33
Grey Relational Analysis Applied to Synthesis Factors of Salt-Resisting Hydro Gel
LIU Yong-bing,PU Wan-fen,YANG Xiao-song,HU Qin
A new salt-resisting hydro gel was synthesized in terms of homogenous experimental design by water solution co-polymerization using acryl amide and acrylic acid as raw materials,montmorillonite(MMT) as inorganic filler.All the synthesis factors were studied by grey relational analysis.It can be concluded that amount of MMT was the main factor that affects salt-resistancy of hydro gel;the amount of cross-linking agent was the second factor.The results show that the grey relational analysis is useful and prospective as a novel powerful synthometric method in the optimization of chemical engineering proceeds.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 33-35 [
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2050
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2068
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36
Process and Optimization of Sodium Diacetate Production by Soda Ash Method
XIE Fang-hua~1,LU Qi-bin~2,XIE Ying~1,XIANG Yang~1
Sodium diacetate,which is the molecular composite of sodium acetate and acetic acid,is a new type of multifunctional addition agent in foods and forages.The reaction processes of preparing sodium diacetate from acetic acid and sodium carbonate are studied.The main factors affecting the quality and yield of product are determined by experiments.By orthogonal experiments(with L_9(3~4) orthogonal table) the optimal operating conditions are obtained:n(acetic acid)∶n(sodium carbonate)=4.10∶1.00,reaction temperature 85 ℃,the reaction time 3.0 h.The quality of product was up to FAO/WHO standard and the yield was over 97%.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 36-39 [
Abstract
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2011
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303KB] (
2891
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40
Effect of Glucose on Supercoiled Plasmid DNA Production in Fermentation Process
XU Ying-qian~1,WU Lei~2,GAN Yi-ru~2
In this paper the influence of glucose on the production of supercoiled plasmid DNA in the fermentation process is presented.Glucose of different concentration (0 g/L,1.00 g/L,2.00 g/L,4.00 g/L) was used as carbon source.The optimal concentration of glucose in culture medium was 2.00 g/L. Supercoiled plasmid DNA concentration was enhanced by 2.56 and biomass concentration was enhanced by 1.26 in comparison with those without glucose supplement in the optimized culture medium.Factors influencing the production of supercoiled plasmid DNA were studied.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 40-43 [
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1755
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300KB] (
3534
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44
Development of Solvents Used in Anthraquinone Process
LIU Jian-xun,WANG Ya-quan
This paper has briefly described the developing history of solvent used in anthraquinone process and its current utilization in industry. It is pointed out that the developing tendency exists in increasing the solubility of the working material and improving the distribution coefficient for hydrogen peroxide between water and the solvent.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 44-48 [
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1680
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172KB] (
4109
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49
Advance in Rotating Tube Bundle Equipment and Its Applications
YAN Jian-min,ZHAO Ya-ping
The concept of rotating tube bundle in process engineering is brought forward,and the heat and mass transfer process concerned on both sides of the rotating tube bundle are analysed.Through the proposed technique, channelling effect is reduced on the shell side of rotating tube bundle, a secondary flow similar to Dean vortices do exist in a rotating tube, and the heat and mass transfer efficiencies on the shell side are improved.Anticipation of some applications,such as rotating tubular and/or hollow fiber membrane,rotating packed bed with tube bundle,are surveyed.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 49-52 [
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3091
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193KB] (
2248
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53
Progress in Chemical Modification of Protein
YAN Rui,HUANG Jin-ying
Employing chemical modification to study the relations between proteins' structure,which is very complex,and function has been a focus in biochemistry and molecular biology research.A lot of molecules were synthesized as chemical modifying agents and many kinds of chemical modification were conducted.The brief review of present situation of the chemical modification of protein is given,and suggests that is an important method in producing biochemical drugs.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 53-55 [
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1661
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133KB] (
3707
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56
Development of Desiccants Made from Natural Material
ZHAO Chang,YU Jiu-gao
Desiccant is often used in packaging of foodstuffs and medicaments to prolong the preserving time.Though the traditional desiccants, such as silica gel and chloride calcium,are widely used,they have lots of defects in their capability.To solve the problem,many new desiccants come forth.This paper reviews the advantage,disadvantage and mechanism of two kinds of the new desiccants made from natural inorganic material and natural organic material.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 56-61 [
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3907
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193KB] (
3356
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62
Progress in Characteristic and Application of Ionic Liquid as Green Solvent
HAN Jin-yu, HUANG Xin, WANG Hua, WANG Zhan-wei
The ionic liquid keeps its liquid state at or near room temperature.As one of the most promising green solvents,the ionic liquid has characteristic of low melting point,low vapor pressure,wide electrochemical window,adjustable acidity,strong solubility and high viscosity and is widely used in separation,organic synthesis and catalytic reaction.Room temperature ionic liquid has attracted industrial interests because it is environmentally friendly catalysts as novel green solvents.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 62-66 [
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8759
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174KB] (
5329
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67
Synthesis of Me-(3407) as an Anti-Ulcer Drug Candidate
CHANG Yue, SHANG Zhen-hua
Synthesis of the anti-ulcer candidate drug,2-[(n-butoxycarbonylmethyl)sulfinyl]thiazolo-[5,4-b]pyridine,was analysed.The title compound was synthesized from niacinamide through five-step reaction according to the literature.The procedure of the last step was mended and the yield of the oxidation reaction was increased by optimizing the reaction conditions.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 67-69 [
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3566
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159KB] (
2330
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70
Optimization of Reflux Ratio of Distilling Process
DILINUER·TALIFU, LUO Yong-qiang
Applying the mathematical models of utility cost operation and plant,the reflux ratio is optimized with golden severing method.C language is used to program the model.The conclusion obtained is identical to that of reference [8].
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 70-72 [
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1053
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229KB] (
2677
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73
Fouling Self-Preventing Technology of Plastic Twisted Tape with Bearing Enhancement
LIU Gui-ying, PENG De-qi, YU Xiu-min, JIANG Shao-qing,YU Tian-lan
Most water-cooling vertical condensers are shell-tube heat exchangers in refigerating systems,whose flowing resistance is not great and the structure is simple.The actual flowing velocity of water is generally in the range of 0.5—1.0 m/s,and it is difficult to have self-clean by using plastic twisted tape.This principle is that a spiral strip and an inner tube are set on the bearing,which is used to install the plastic twisted tape at the inlet end of each condensing tube.The flowing velocity can be increased because of the inner tube and the water can be led to flow spirally in the range of 0.8 m/s.This new technique can be spread and used conveniently.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 73-76 [
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1044
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294KB] (
2177
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77
Application of HYSYS in Arene
PI Hong-mei~1, DONG Xiao-yan~2, WANG Hong-mei~1
The technology of arene equipment optimized by using HYSYS software was introduced in this paper.It can not only provide safety and quality but also decrease energy consumption.Because it can improve the rate of recovering and output,at the same time it can optimize operation,the profit of economy and society will be increased.
2005 Vol. 22 (1): 77-79 [
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1095
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215KB] (
2663
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