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2006 Vol.23 Issue.3,
Published 2006-05-15
Article
Article
189
Effects of Alcohol and Electrolytes on Hydrodynamics and Mass Transfer in Viscous Non-Newtonian Liquids in an Internal Loop Airlift Reactor
ZANG Xiao-hong~1,WANG Jun~2,LIU Yan-lai~2,SHEN Zi-qiu~2
A study focusing on coalescence phenomena of non-Newtonian fluids and the effect of surface active compounds on the liquid-side volumetric mass transfer coefficient of oxygen in solutions of carboxymethylcellulose(CMC) polymer is carried out in an internal airlift loop reactor.The experimental results show that mass transfer rate of gas-liquid decreased with increasing viscosity in non-Newtonian fluids.Owing to increasing viscosity,the wake instabilities behind the Taylor bubble tend to disappear and induce the coalescence behavior of bubbles.The addition of alcohol into the solutions of polymer can influence mass transfer behavior in gas-liquid two phase.For low concentration of solution,addition of minus alcohol increases mass transfer, but when CMC concentration increases gradually,surface active compound decreases mass transfer.Also,with increasing viscosity gas holdup in the riser changes slightly and that in the downcomer increases in non-Newtonian fluids.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 189-194 [
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2033
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195
Investigation on Stability of Hydrocarbon Fuel by High Pressure DSC
GUO Lan-zhen,ZHANG Xiang-wen,MI Zhen-tao
The formation of deposits,which caused by thermal oxidation and thermal cracking,was the main factor on the stability of fuel.The higher oxidation temperature the fuel has,the better oxidation-resistance it has got.Otherwise,the temperature had a significant effect on the cracking deposit and the deposits increase with the increase of temperature.In this paper,the experimental investigation on the stability of various fuel hydrocarbons was carried out by high pressure DSC.As results,when being oxidation,the cyclohexane had best performance of antioxidation among the hydrocarbons investigated,while tetralin and butyl benzene had the poor.When being cracking,tetralin had a much higher temperature of cracking among the investigated hydrocarbons,then the cycloalkanes,JP-10,normal alkanes and decalin,the butyl benzene had the lowest temperature of cracking.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 195-198 [
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1814
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199
Synthesis of N,N-Disubstituted Aminobenzaldehyde
LI Xiang-gao,HE Li-li,ZHANG Yi,WANG Shi-rong
Three important intermediates for the preparation of hole transport materials were synthesized by the acylation of N,N-disubstituted aniline.2-Methyl-4-dibenzylaminobenzaldehyde,2-methyl-4-(N-ethyl-N-benzyl) aminobenzaldehyde and 4-(N-ethyl-N-benzyl) aminobenzaldehyde were obtained with the yields of 99.2%,92.9% and 94.8%,respectively.The purity of compounds analysed by HPLC was over 99.2%.The composition and structure of the products were determined by tests of functional group,UV,IR and MS.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 199-202 [
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3706
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203
Effects of PEG on the Optical and Electrical Property of TiO_2 Film
WANG Bao-guo,LI Ya-peng,LI Wei,WANG Su-mei
Effects of the foreign atoms on the electrical and optical property of titania films are fundamental to explore novel gas-sensing and solar cell materials.The polyethylene glycol(PEG)-doped TiO_2 films is prepared using the sol-gel method and the microstructure,crystallite morphology and semiconductor property of the films is characterized.The transmittance of the TiO_2 film depended on the content and the molecular weight of the PEG additive.The PEG2000-doped TiO_2 film showed a high gas response to CO at 350 ℃.This p-type PEG2000-doped TiO_2 film has potential applications to develop solar cells and gas sensors.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 203-205 [
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1914
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206
Immobilization of Aminoacylase on DEAE-E/H
GUO Hong-yan,ZHAO Lin,YAN Xiao-min,SONG Zheng-xiao
Aminoacylase from Aspergillus oryzae was immobilized on DEAE-E/H(functionalized poly glycidylmethacrylate).Effects of amount of DEAE(diethylaminoethyl),surface area and pore diameter on the activity of immobilized aminoacylase were investigated.Some immobilization factors,such as concentration of enzyme suspension,immobilization time and the way of immobilization,were studied on resin Ⅱ.While the concentration of enzyme suspension and immobilization time are 2.0 mg/mL and 8 h,the activity of complex of resion Ⅱ-aminoacylase is 980 U/g.Scanning electron micrographs(SEM) revealed the structures of the resin.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 206-210 [
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211
Cloning of Gene Fragment of Transport Protein in Streptomyces lydicus
JIANG Xin,ZHAO Guang-rong,YUAN Ying-jin
Transport protein transfers large molecules including proteins through plasma membranes and is very important in cell biological activity.In this paper,the homology of transport proteins of Streptomyces lydicus and other Actionmycetales bacteria is analysed and their evolutional relation is discussed.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 211-214 [
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1706
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215
Supramolecular Inclusion Compound of β-Cyclodextrin with Benzyl Methyl Ketone
MEN Juan~1,WANG Li~1,LI Ying-hui~2,LIU Tao~1,TANG Min~1,GU Feng-cai~1
An inclusion compound of benzyl methyl ketone(BMK)with β-cyclodextrin(βCD)was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR,XRD,TG-DTA,elemental analysis and()~1HNMR spectra.The experimental results showed that β-CD formed 2∶1 host-guest compound with BMK.The molecular structure of the inclusion compound suggested that the benzyl and methyl parts of BMK molecule penetrated into two hydrophobic cavity of β-CD respectively.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 215-219 [
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220
Extraction and Purification of Procyanidins from Grape Seed with Supercritical CO_2 and Macroporous Adsorption Resin
YE Chun-hao,LI Shu-fen,TANG Shao-kun
This thesis mainly explores the integrate technology of extraction,separation and purification of grape seed oil and procyanidins from grape seed by using supercritical fluid extraction(SFE) and macroporous adsorption resin technology.First,grape seed oil is extracted from grape seed by suppercritical CO_2.These extracted hot water was deposited with appropriate alcohol.Then in the purification section,five kinds of macroporous resins with different polarity were used as adsorbent for adsorbing the procyanidins,and one was suitable.The effect of eight factors on both adsorption ration and purity of the procyanidins were discussed in dynamic adsorption process and a reasonable condition of adsorption and desorption was obtained.The experimental results show that under the optimum conditions in the process of SFE and purification,the content of procyanidins can be 97.82% with total yield of 4.88% analyzed by UV.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 220-223 [
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224
Preparation and Properties of the Microcapsules Added Inorganic Nanoparticles in the Wall
SHI Yu-quan,CAI Ming-jian
Tetradecane was used as core material and polymer based nanocomposites were used as wall material.A kind of microcapsules with urea-formaldehyde resin based composites filled with nano-TiO_2 particles in the wall was prepared by in-situ polymerization.ICP,IR and SEM were used to characterize the nanoparticles' quality of wall,and so on.As showed by the test,the mechanical strength and seal properties of microcapsules were improved greatly by adding nanoparticles to the wall of microcapsules.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 224-227 [
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2718
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228
Phase Equilibrium of Three Components System of Synthetic Nitro-Musks
CAO Li,ZHANG Xue-mei,ZHANG Wei-jiang,WANG Wen-xi
A lot of experiments were finished to gain musks two components phase equilibrium data of many solvents,and these data were used to fit UNIFAC model's interaction parameter to endow UNIFAC model modified with better prediction function.In order to evaluate the prediction function of UNIFAC model modified which is used for three components system of synthetic nitro-musks,experimental data of solubility were compared with the above equilibrium data calculated by UNIFAC model modified,results show the interaction parameter's modification is well.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 228-231 [
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1974
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232
Synthesis of Fuel Methanol from Straw Gas
SUN Xiao-bo,LUO Ting-liang,XU Qing-li,CAO Wen-hao,REN Ke,LIU Guo-ji
Straw is a kind of important renewable energy.In this paper,the research is focused on using straw gas as stock and synthesizing fuel methanol over a domestic C301 Cu-based catalyst.The experimental results showed that the optimum operating pressure,temperature and the GHSV of the syngas was 5.0 MPa,237 ℃,(8 500 L)/(kg(cat)·h),and the maximum time-space yield rate of methanol was 0.23 kg/(kg(cat)·h).Also the deactivation reason of the catalyst was discussed.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 232-235 [
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4687
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236
Activation and Fluoride-Absorption Capacity of Natural Zeolite
CHENG You-pu~
To improve the fluoride-absorption capacity of natural zeolite,a study on activation method,including roasted at high temperature in a muffle furnace,soaked in inorganic acid or inorganic basic solution,modified by magnesium sulfate,and defluorination performance of natural zeolite have been carried out.The results showed that fluoride-absorption capacity of natural zeolite treated with all those methods mentioned in the paper can be increased to some extent,especially,the zeolite activated through the way of being roasted in muffle furnace,soaked in H_2SO_4 solution and modified in magnesium sulfate solution,can effectively remove fluoride from water.The absorption capacity of activated zeolite is 3.97 times of that of unactivated one,which shows a good prospect in practice.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 236-239 [
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240
Ethanolysis of Artemia Oil
ZHOU Ran,HAN Zhen-wei
A process for the ethanolysis of Artemia oil was proposed.Meanwhile the influence of the amount of catalyst alkali ethylate and absolute alcohol,the temperature and time of reaction on interesterification was studied.The results showed that alkaline catalyst was 0.5%(of oil weight),reaction temperature was 60 ℃,reaction time was 3 h and the proportion of ethanol to Artemia oil was 40%(weight),the conversion rate of Artemia oil was 98.04%.Therefore the evidence,which replace fish oil for Artemia oil,was offered on the materials of health industry.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 240-242 [
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243
Synthesis of Trimethyl Borate Using Boron Trifluoride Etherate
JIN Hai-ling~1,HU Gong-ren~1,ZHANG Wei-jiang~2,ZHANG Xue-mei~2
The preparation process of trimethyl borate with the reaction of boron trifluoride etherate and an alcoholic solution of alkali metal alkoxide was studied and the optimum condition was chosen by experiments.By means of gas chromatography,mass spectrometry and IR spectrum,the product was confirmed to be trimethyl borate.By studying the effects of reaction conditions,the optimum conditions were that the reaction should take place at 55 ℃ for 32 h.Then the product was fractionated for two or three times and salted out using LiCl.Finally the concentration of trimethyl borate can be up to 99%.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 243-246 [
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247
Synthesis of Isopropylrhodamine B
WANG Bao-he~1,DUAN Er-hong~1,YAN Xi-long~2,YAN Fan-yong~2,CHEN Li-gong~2
Isopropylrhodamine B was obtained from esterification of Rhodamine B and isopropyl alcohol,in the presence of sulfinyl chloride(SOCl_2).The reaction is monitored by thin layer chromatography(TLC).The effect of reaction temperature and time on the esterification rate and conversion rate of Rhodamine B were examined.The suitable reaction condition was SOCl_2 as catalyst,reaction temperature of 70 ℃ for 7 h.The isopropylrhodamine B was dissolved in dichloromethane and purified by column chromatography(ethanol/dichloromethane=2∶1(volume)).In this method,the result showed that the purity of isopropylrhodamine B was 98.2% and the overall conversion rate was 83%.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 247-249 [
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250
HPLC Fingerprint Spectrum of Radix Glycyrrhizae
WANG Yue-hui,QIAO Bin,JIANG Jian-lan,YUAN Ying-jin
HPLC fingerprint spectrum of Radix Glycyrrhizae was established in order to provide reference for its quality control.A mixture solution of water-alcohol((a/cohol)=50%) was used to prepare the sample solution of Radix Glycyrrhizae under ultrasonic extraction for 30 min.RP-HPLC(DAD) was used in the determination of Radix Glycyrrhizae by gradient elution under the following conditions: column of Kromasil KR100-5C_(18),flow rate of 1.0 mL/min,detection wavelength of 254 nm and acetonitrile(B)-glacial acetic acid water((acid)=1%)(A) as mobile phase.10 batches of Radix Giycyrrhizae were determined with glycyrrhizic acid as reference and 27 distinguished peaks were found in the HPLC fingerprints spectra.According to the results of method evaluation,the RSDS of the accuracy,stability and repeatability of the experiments were all within 3%.The similarity for 10 batche of Radix Glycyrrhizae was evaluated.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 250-253 [
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254
Progress in Synthesis of Peptide Liquid-Phase Segments Ligation
ZHANG Hong-peng,GAN Yi-ru
In this paper,peptide segments liquid-phase synthesis technology are introduced and all of these are vivid in protein field recent year.Native chemical ligation,chemo-and regio-selective ligation,Staudinger ligation etc are introduced in detail,their merits and demerits are pointed out by comparing the above technology.Some possible ways to overcome are proposed.The potential technical developments are also discussed.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 254-259 [
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260
Influencing Factors During Protein Crystallization
TAO Feng-yun~
Quality of protein crystallization was influenced by many factors,including protein concentration,protein purity,degree of supersaturation,temperature,pH,precipitant type and its concentration,pressure,electrostatic/magnetic fields,additives,the type and concentration of stripping solution(membrane crystallization),ionic strength and counterions and so on.The major influencing factors during protein crystallization were summarized,which can provide references for protein structure analysis,new drug design,biochemical research and industrial production.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 260-264 [
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265
Review on Hydroformylation of Higher Olefins
MA Zhan-hua,LIU Xue-nuan,YANG Guo-hua
Water-soluble rhodium-phosphine complexes have been successfully applied in lower olefin hydroformylation.For higher olefin that has poor solubility in water,the hydroformylation reaction rate is much less than short-chain alkenes.This review covers the recent advances in Rh-catalysed hydroformylation of higher olefin,most of investigations in this field focus on the synthesis of new effective phosphine ligands and new catalysis systems.In particular,the developments of new-style reaction system,such as water-soluble phosphine in two-phase catalysis system,the supported catalysts,fluorous biphase system,non-aqueous ionic liquids catalysis and hydroformylation in supercritical carbon dioxide were mainly introduced in this paper.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 265-270 [
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271
Advances in Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium Ion Battery
LI Ruo-hong~1,MA Zhong-long~2
The history and the categories of polymer electrolyte,are introduced.This paper reviews ion transport mechanism,characterization,the problems of polymer electrolyte,and the methods to raise the ionic conductivities of polymer electrolytes.The further required attentions in the development of polymer electrolytes are discussed in the final part.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 271-276 [
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2433
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4506
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277
Simulation of Catalytic Distillation in Preparation of Ethylbenzene from Dry Gas
JIN Zong-xian~
A non-equilibrium model was established to simulate the catalytic distillation process in the preparation of ethylbenzene from dry gas.The simulation results,consist with the experimental results, showed that non-equilibrium model was suitable to the experimental process.Based on the simulation results,the effect of operation conditions on the catalytic distillation in preparation of ethylbenzene from dry gas was analyzed,meanwhile,an optimum condition was proposed.
2006 Vol. 23 (3): 277-282 [
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