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Current Issue
2010 Vol.27 Issue.4,
Published 2010-07-15
Article
Article
283
Low Temperature Hydrothermal Growth and the Properties of ZnO Nanowall Films
ZHANG Wen1,HE Yong-ning2,CUI Wan-zhao2
Unique ZnO nanowall films have been synthesized by control hydrolysis for seeds growing from sol-gel dip-coating process on ITO substrates followed a low temperature hydrothermal treatment.X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),In-ferred reaction spectroscopy(FTIR),ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy(UV-Vis) and room temperature photoluminescence(PL) spectrum have been used to characterize the morphology,composition and structures of the films.The results show that the nanowalls are connected to each other with a thickness of about 20—100 nm.The films are composed of ZnO,zinc acetate(ZnAc) and zinc acetate layered hy-droxy salts(Zn-LHS) before sintering,and they completely change to ZnO by pyrogenation of small mol-ecules such as CO2,H2O after treatment at 500 ℃ with the unique structure remaining unchanged.Pho-toluminescence measurements show strong UV emission at 383 nm.The growth mechanism of ZnO nanowall films has been proposed according to crystal growth theory.
2010 Vol. 27 (4): 283-287 [
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Degradation SO_2 in Aqueous Solution with Desulfuration Bacterium Domesticated from Oxidation Ditch of A City Sewage Treatment Plant
HUANG Bing1,SHI Zhe2,ZHANG Shi-ling3,AO Yong4
A dominant desulfuration bacterium,which were found from oxidation ditch of a city sewage treatment plant by inductive domestication with low concentration SO2 gas,can translate the SO2 in aque-ous solution into SO24-or(and) organic sulfur and fix them in the cell of desulfuration bacterium.The desulfuration bacterium can degrade about 97% SO2 within 10 h,and show possibility in desulfur action from flue gas.The kinetics of the desulfuration bacterium degradation SO2 in aqueous solution showed that the rate to conversion SO2(or SO32-) is first order reaction during 10 ～ 30 ℃,where the rate con-stant is 6.522 × 108 exp(-5 902 /T),the activation energy is 49.07 kJ /mol,and the maximal rate for degradation SO2 is 1 152 mg /(L.h).But the activity of the desulfuration bacterium will be deactivation evidently at above 30 ℃.
2010 Vol. 27 (4): 288-293 [
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Purification of 4-Amino-2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-4-Piperidine by Distillation
WU Tian,CUI Xian-bao,YIN Wei-chao,ZHANG Xiao-kai
The saturated vapor pressures of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidine and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine were predicted by CSGC-PRV equation,and the Antoine equations for the two components were correlated.The activity coefficients of the components in the binary mixture of 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidine and 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine were calculatedby COSMO-SAC method.The Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium(VLE) data of the binary system were obtained by bubble point calculation.Based on the calculation results,4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperi-dine was purified by batch distillation from the binary mixture,and the purity of the obtained product was greater than 99.00%.
2010 Vol. 27 (4): 294-298 [
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Heat Transfer and Flow Resistance Performance of Air Helical Flow Outside Upright Petal-Shaped Tubes
CHEN Shu1,2,CHEN Sheng3
The heat transfer performance and flow resistance of air were investigated with air flowing heli-cally outside five experimental petal-shaped tubes with the same diameter,but different in fin height and spacing.In the experimental range,results show that there is a suitable fin spacing to make the heat transfer characteristic best for the petal-shape tube with the same fin height.With the same fin spacing,when fin height is increased,the heat transfer characteristic is better and the flow resistance loss is big-ger.The higher system pressure outside tube is of the better heat transfer effect without increasing the flow resistance.The results provide reference to the design of the high-efficient upright helical-baffle heat-exchanger with petal-shaped tubes.
2010 Vol. 27 (4): 299-302 [
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Nitrogen Removal in Coker Diesel by Oxidation
JING Tao,DONG Guo-hong,LI Dong-sheng,DAI Yue-ling,YANG Xi-ming
The non-hydrogenation pre-refining of coker diesel in Fushun Third Petroleum Factory by oxi-dation was investigated,selecting the oxidant developed by our laboratory,using single-factor experi-ment,the influences of several factors,such as reaction temperature,reaction time,the mass ratio of oxi-dant to diesel,the mass ratio of catalyst to oil and etc,on refined effects and yield were analyzed to de-termine the suitable process condition.When mass ratio of catalyst to oil is 0.010—0.020,mass ratio of oxidant to diesel is 0.010—0.015,reaction temperature is 30—40 ℃,settling time is 20—30 min,re-action time is 10—20 min,the basic nitrogen removal can reach 96%,and coker diesel showes a better light yellow color,which can effectively alleviate the operating conditions in hydrogenation process.
2010 Vol. 27 (4): 303-307 [
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Polypropylene Fibers Grafted Styrene Ion-Exchange Fiber Used in Boron Adsorption
WANG Jin-ming1,2,LIU Wen-fei1,2,ZHANG Yong1,2,XIAO Hong3
A new kind of styrene ion-exchange fiber was developed for boron adsorption.The ion-ex-change fiber was produced from commercially available polypropylene grafted styrene fiber as the back-bone,through the chlorine methylation and amination reaction of amino-based glucose.The new products performed high selectivity for boron absorption under the condition when there were a large number of co-existing salts.The samples have large surface area and can be used instead of granulated ion-exchange resin for adsorption of boron,which is proposed to have very high practical value.
2010 Vol. 27 (4): 308-312 [
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Evaluation on Temperature Susceptibility of Emulsified Asphalt and Base Asphalt
ZHAO Hua1,LIAO Ke-jian1,LI Ying-gang2,LI Xiu-qi2,HAO Lin2
In this paper,emulsified asphalt was prepared using AH-90 asphalt donated by Liaohe oil-field(China) as base asphalt and self made dissymmetric Gemini quaternary ammonium salts cationic surfac-tant as emulsifier.The temperature sensitivity of the two kinds of asphalts was determined by penetration-viscosity index(PVN) and penetration index(PI).The index of T800 and dynamic viscosity at 60 ℃ were used to appreciate the stability at high temperature.The anti-cracking in low temperature was ex-plored by T1.2.Results show the asphalt emulsion technology can not only improve penetration index,flexibility,low-temperature ductility and deformation resistance,but also enhance high temperature sta-bility,low-temperature anti-cracking performance and anti-fatigue performance.The emulsified asphalt show better temperature stability,better low-temperature cracking resistance and better temperature sus-ceptibility than base asphalt.
2010 Vol. 27 (4): 313-316 [
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Preparation of Resin Injection Molding Catalyst for Hydration of Isobutylene
LIU Wen-fei1,2,WANG Jin-ming1,2,BI Xiao-hong3
A kind of resin was developed with unqualified white ball as raw material.After being dewaxed and crushed into power,firstly mixed with stearic acid at 8∶ 2,then mixed with 9∶ 1 polystyrene(PS) and three-block styrene-butadiene rubber(SBS),the mixture was injected into a certain shape,then stearic acid was abstracted by acetone or ethanol to obtain resin with high porosity.After sulfonation and hanging files of the cationic catalyst production process,the strong acid resin catalyst was prepared with a specific shape,easy to load and low cost.It can be used in the hydration of isobutylene and show good conversion rate which close to or beyond the domestic commercial product of the same kind.
2010 Vol. 27 (4): 317-322 [
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2010 Vol. 27 (4): 322-322 [
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323
Condition Selection for Particle Size Analysis of Silica Gel Byproduct in Phosphorous Fertilizer Production
LI Yong-hui1,MING Da-zeng2,LI Zhi-xiang2,DU Lu-shan1
With laser particle size analyzer(wet-process),the particle size of silica gel,a byproduct in phosphorous fertilizer production,was measured.The influences of several factors were studied,such as different types of surface-active agents and their dosage,shading rate(sample concentration),cycle rate(stirring rate),ultrasound time(dispersion time),etc.Response surface method(RSM)was employed in this paper,a second order quadratic fitted regression equation for shading rate(sample concentration) was built in order to optimize the conditions for the dispersion effect.The optimum conditions for particle size analysis were obtained.Sodium tripolyphosphate was chosen as dispersion agent,its dosage was 4 drops,and sample concentration was 30%,cycle rate was 1 200 r /min,ultrasonic time was 3 min.This method is simple and rapid with high accuracy and good reproducibility.
2010 Vol. 27 (4): 323-328 [
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2010 Vol. 27 (4): 328-328 [
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329
Synthesis and Property of Starch-Based Super Absorbent Polymer
ZHU Bao-dong,WANG Jian,DONG Qun,SONG Jun
Using potato starch and AA as raw material,K2S2O8 as initiator and AlCl3 as crosslinker,starch-based superabsorbent polymer were synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization.Reasonable re-action time,absorbency velocity,repeated swelling properties and water conservation performance of pol-ymer were determined.The results showed that,when amount of ω(K2S2O8) = 0.15%,ω(AlCl3) = 0.1%,m(AA) ∶ m(starch) = 6∶ 1,neutralization degree of acrylic acid was 70% and reaction for 80 min at 60 ℃,the distilled water absorbency of SAP was 1 235 g /g,and 0.9% NaCl water solution ab-sorbency of SAP was 101 g /g at a faster rate of water absorption.The synthesized SAP possess the capa-bility of water reabsorption and water retention.FTIR proved the structure of SAP to be graft copolymer of starch and acrylic acid(Na),X-ray diffraction peaks of SAP showed dispersing diffraction featmes.TG and DTA analyses explained the good thermal stability of SAP.
2010 Vol. 27 (4): 329-333 [
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Preparation of Mica Nacreous Pigment by Urea Neutralization Method
LI Zhen-rong,SHAO Jun-jie,LI Guang-fu
The preparation of mica nacreous pigment by urea neutralization method was discussed.SEM and whiteness meter were used to determine the optimum condition.80% of the urea is added one-time into the mica suspension and the other 20% into the titanium salt.The better hydrolyzing temperature is 90 ℃.The volume of 10% titanium solution is 28 mL corresponding to 10 g mica.Titanium solution is dropped into the mica suspension with speed of 28 mL /h.The mass ratio of urea to titanium is 3∶ 1.The optimum stirring speed is 200 r /min.The optimum calcination condition is 950 ℃ for 1 hour.
2010 Vol. 27 (4): 334-339 [
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Numerical Simulation for Flow Field of Waste Incineration Flue Gas Deacidification in Spray Drying Tower
JI Xin1,HUANG Bi-chun1,HUANG Xin1,YE Dai-qi1,LUO Cui-hong2
Based on the(RNG) k-ε turbulence model and the stochastic trajectory model,Fluant,a hydrodymic numerical simulation saftware,was used for numerical simulation for flow field of waste incin-eration flue gas deacidification in spray drying tower.The results show that the slurry spray drops have a great effect on the flow field of deacidification tower,strong turbulent flow occurred in local area can pro-mote the gas-liquid mass transfer and chemical reaction process inside the tower.
2010 Vol. 27 (4): 340-345 [
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Retrofit of Joint Production of Melamine Plant and Urea Plant
CHEN Hai-fang
Melamine plant and urea plant are two plants of Zhongyuan Dahua Company of Henan Coal and Chemical Industry Group Co.Ltd.After their joint production,melamine plant sent a great deal of carba-mate solution to the urea plant and caused cost increase of energy and material.After analysis and calcu-lation about the system production,a reform project was made to fullfill the economic operation of urea plant with high load and safety.
2010 Vol. 27 (4): 346-350 [
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Progress in the Development and Application of Reverse Osmosis Membrane Technology
XU Jun1,2,3,WANG Zhi1,2,3,WANG Ji-xiao1,2,3,WANG Shi-chang1,3
Reverse osmosis membrane technology,a new and widely used separation technology arose in 1 960 s,is one of the most advanced separation technologies at present.Reverse osmosis is the inverse process of osmosis and is driven by pressure.In this paper,the background and the development of re-verse osmosis membrane technology are introduced,and its present research is mainly discussed,and its applications in sweater and brackish water desalination,pure water preparation,pharmacy and chemical industry wastewater treatment are described.Finally,the existing problems and future development trends are analyzed.
2010 Vol. 27 (4): 351-357 [
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2010 Vol. 27 (4): 357-357 [
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2010 Vol. 27 (4): 357-357 [
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Preparation and Influence Factors of Composite Molecular Imprinted Membranes
JIAO Cui-cui,HU Xiao-ling,GUANG Pin,YU Jin-yang
With the development of molecular imprinting technology(MIT),the development and appli-cation of molecularly imprinted polymer membranes(MIM) have become one of the most attractive sub-jects.With the advantages of a little dosage of imprinting molecular,high efficiency of imprinting,low resistance of mass transfer,high throughput and stable property of reproducibility,molecularly imprinted composite membrane will play an important role in the achievement of its practical application in MIM separation.The main preparation methods of composite molecular imprinted membranes were introduced briefly and the influence factors were discussed.
2010 Vol. 27 (4): 358-364 [
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Development of Preparation of Microcellular Foaming Material
ZHU Mao-dian
The development of microcellular foaming technology was introduced and the genoral feqming agent,the microcellular foaming methods were discussed in detail.Microcellular foams can be produced by batch foaming,microcellular injection molding and microcellular continuous extrusion,each method has its advantages and scope of application.
2010 Vol. 27 (4): 365-369 [
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Three Key Steps in Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis
FU You-wei,WU Lei
Solid phase peptide synthesis(SPPS) has been a commonly used method in the research of peptides.High yield peptide can be obtained by SPPS method.In this paper,there key steps in SPPS,such as carrier of conventional resin,protection strategy and types of condensations agent,were re-viewed,and their applications were discussed.
2010 Vol. 27 (4): 370-375 [
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