In this paper, a new solvent-free crystal phase transformation approach for fabrication of α- and β-form metal-free phthalocyanine(H₂Pc) with good performance is reported. The cyclic condensation of 1,3-diiminoisoindoline is used to fabricate H₂Pc powder, which appears α-form with low crystallinity after purification paste. According to the effect of annealing temperature on the thermal phase transformation process, α-H₂Pc with 100% crystallinity at 190 ℃ for 2 h is obtained. And β-H₂Pc with 95.04% crystallinity could be also obtained at 280 ℃ for 2 h. The morphology of H₂Pc obtained in different conditions is studied, which is changed from irregular sheet structure to rodlike structure. Laser organic photoconductors doped H₂Pc as the charge generation material are also prepared to detect the photoelectric performance. The α-H₂Pc and β-H₂Pc present the good photosensitivity with 0.609 and 0.420 μJ·cm^-2, respectively. As a result, this new crystal phase transformation approach for H₂Pc is simple and environmental friendly. Here, α-H₂Pc and β-H₂Pc with good photoconductive properties could be obtained continuously, which could be widely used in high speed laser organic photoconductor.

Cu-SAPO-34 is a promising NO_x selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst. Its support, the SAPO-34 zeolite, has great effect on the catalytic performance of De-NOx. In this work, the SAPO-34 zeolites with the SiO₂/Al₂O₃ ratio of 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 were synthesized by a hydrothermal process. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results show that the crystallinity of the SAPO-34 zeolites was improved with the increasing of the SiO₂/Al₂O₃ ratio; and NH₃ temperature-programmed desorption (NH₃-TPD) results indicate that the number of the acid sites is largest when the SiO₂/Al₂O₃ ratio is 0.8. As a result, the Cu-SAPO-34 catalyst synthesized with the SiO₂/Al₂O₃ ratio of 0.8 presented the highest C₃H₆ selective catalytic reduction (C₃H₆-SCR) performance.

Formaldehyde is one kind of important chemical intermediates and can be obtained through the depolymerization of paraformaldehyde for its inconvenience in transportation and storage. In this paper, the effects of kinds of solvent, the depolymerization temperature, the heating time and addition of H₂SO₄ on the depolymerization of paraformaldehyde were investigated. According to the above experiments and Box-Benhnken design principle, the depolymerization conditions were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) with three factors and three levels, and the optimal conditions were as follows: the solvent is ethyl acetate, reaction temperature is 92.6 ℃, addition of H₂SO₄ is 0.46% and heating time is 3.9 h. The content of formaldehyde reaches 21.1%.

Porous calcium alginate (ALG-Ca) sponges with or without silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared by tailoring hydrogel to incorporate enough air and internal gelling method. The experiment result was as follows: ALG-Ca wet sponge was disposed by using absolute ethyl alcohol to accelerate the process of drying and remain the porous structure to achieve ALG-Ca desiccated sponge, then ALG-Ca sponge with excellent flexibility was obtained through impregnating ALG-Ca desiccated sponge into alcohol-glycerol aqueous solution. Moreover, ALG-Ca sponges were immerged into AgNO₃ solution, then impregnated into alcohol-glycerol aqueous and dried at 80 ℃ to prepare AgNPs-loaded ALG-Ca sponges. The change of water solution including various alcohol and glycerol has an influence on the liquid absorption, liquid preservation and mechanical properties of Ca-ALG sponges. AgNPs-loaded ALG-Ca sponges showed good antibacterial capability against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

A double circulating vapor liquid equilibrium apparatus was designed and established. Isobaric vapor liquid equilibrium of two binary systems 2,2-dimethylbutane+ethanol and 2,2-dimethylbutane+1-propanol at 1 atmosphere was measured. The experimental data passed integral thermodynamic consistent test. NRTL equation was used to correlate the vapor liquid equilibrium data of the binary system to obtain the model parameters. With the parameters, vapor composition was calculated and compared with the corresponding experimental data. The average deviations between calculated and experimental vapor composition were less than 0.02. The result showed that NRTL model was applicable for these two binary systems.

The solubility of trans-4-hydroxycyclohexyl desloratadine in water and the binary mixtures of 10% water+methanol, 20% water+methanol, 10% water+ethanol and 20% water+ethanol at the temperature range from 293.15 to 323.15 K at 101.3 kPa were measured using the HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) method. The obtained results were correlated with the modified Apelblat equation and the λh equation. Its enthalpy and entropy in the selected solvents were calculated based on the van't Hoff equation. It was found that the solubility of trans-4-hydroxycyclohexyl desloratadine increased with the increase of temperature, and decrease of polarity of solution. The dissolution processes in the above solvents were demonstrated to be an endothermic and entropy-driven over the investigated temperature range.

Based on the study of refractive indices of ionic liquids, a group contribution method is proposed to predict the refractive indices of ionic liquids at different temperatures. Refractive indices of 115 ionic liquids(ILs) including 5 kinds of cations and 26 kinds of anions were collected from literature, and 39 groups were obtained by a new group dividing method. The contribution values of 39 groups were obtained by regressing 1 161 data of refractive indices(λ=589 nm). The standard deviation and the average relative deviation the regression are 0.00897 and 0.452%, respectively. In order to testify the reliability of the model, the proposed model was used to estimate the refractive indices of two ILs which are not involved in the 115 ILs. The average relative deviations of the predictions are 0.520% and 0.284%, respectively, which proves the group contribution method for predicting the refractive indices of ionic liquids at different temperatures is reliable.

In order to increase drug loading capacity, the surface of MSN was functionalized with amine groups by treatment with APTS. Under the best preparation conditions, the FXD loading efficiency of MSN and MSN-NH₂ was 28.1 mg/g and 39.3 mg/g. In this experiment, we studied the in vitro release properties of samples and found that the amounts of released FXD from MSN was about 67.7% for 32 h, whereas the released FXD from MSN-NH₂-3 was around 59.3% for 32 h. FXD release data of MSN and MSN-NH₂-3 was fitted with the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. The drug release kinetics constant of MSN-NH₂-3 (k=13.41) is less than MSN(k=19.64). These results demonstrated that the FXD loading capacity of MSN-NH₂ was increased by 11.2 mg/g and the FXD cumulative release capability of MSN-NH₂ was decreased by 8.4%.

Recently, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in the field of transportation, communication, portable electronics and electric tools, etc. Traditional lithium ion batteries pose a lot of safety hazards by using liquid electrolyte, such as volatility, easy to leak, poor impact resistance, etc. All-solid-state electrolyte, which has the property of high thermal stability, long cycle life, shock resistant performance, is an ideal alternative material to replace the liquid electrolyte. The sulfide electrolyte with many advantages, including high ionic conductivity, simple preparation, wide electrochemical window, has become a research focus of all-solid-state lithium ion batteries recently. The progress of Li₂S-P₂S₅ based electrolytes of all-solid-state lithium-ion battery is introduced in this paper. The latest research results and various improvements of battery performance are summarized, and the prospect of application for the sulfide electrolyte in the future is also discussed.

The treatment of high-concentration chemical organic wastewater by a coupled membrane-aerated biofilm reactor(MABR) system, including ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis and Fenton reaction applied as biological polishing steps, membrane-aerated biofilm reactor(MABR) process and ozonization as post-treatment was studied experimentally. The influence of operational conditions on COD reduction and BOD₅/COD (B/C) ratio was explored. The results showed that an increase of B/C ratio from 0.05 to 0.12 was achieved when micro-electrolysis was employed at pH of 4 for 1.5 h. The optimized conditions of Fenton reaction were n(H₂O₂)∶n(Fe²⁺) of 9 and pH of 3. Finally, coupling MABR system with ozonization, COD concentration of the effluent quality stayed below 500 mg/L and reached the standard of introduction to municipal sewage treatment plants.

The adsorption of ammonia nitrogen in polluted seawater by using chitosan coated quartz sand was investigated in this paper. The structure of modified sand had been characterized by SEM and FTIR. Based on the single factor experiment, the effects of factors including pH, dosage and particle size on the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and interaction were studied using Box-Behnken response surface method. And aquadratic model was established between ammonia nitrogen removal rate and the factors. The results indicate that the order of the factors is as follows: dosage, particle size and pH of solution. The optimal adsorption conditions are pH 7.08, dosage 77.4 g/L, particle size 0.8 mm, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is 78.86%, which is consistent with the predicted value by response surface method.

Adopting acid and alkali extraction method and non-polar ion exchange resin (XAD-8 resin) extraction method, soil could be divided into light fractions (LF), high fractions (HF), Humic acid (HA), Fulvic acid(FA) and Humin(HM), and the adsorption characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the fractions was studied. These fractions extracted by the above two methods had the similar peak shape, namely extracts were the same. The contents of total PAHs in LF were far greater than HF in the acid and alkali extraction method and XAD-8 resin extraction method, and the contents of PAHs in HF were mainly distributed in HM, accounted for around 54% and 75% of the total PAHs in HF. The PAHs' total recovery extracted by acid and alkali extraction method and XAD-8 resin extraction method was 100.7%, 147.2% respectively.

The performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with different cathode catalyst layer (CCL) thicknesses across the whole range of power output are simulated using a one-dimensional steady-state macro-homogeneous model. With the intention of keeping the proportions of all constituents in the CCL invariant,two different ways are chosen to change the CCL thickness. One is to alter the Pt mass loading per unit area of CCL. Another is to vary the Pt mass fraction of Pt/C catalyst particles. The result shows that the calculated best PEMFC performance corresponds to a thicker CCL. However, from the perspective of improving the utilization of catalyst, a thinner CCL for the former method and a thicker CCL for the latter method can ensure catalyst utilization higher. Under given conditions, the best CCL thickness in the sense of high power output holds within the entire operating window of output current.

To construct an recombinant eukaryotic expression vector of pcDNA3.1(+)-PF4^47-70-RGD, detect expression of targeting recombinant PF4 in eukaryotic cell and explore its biologic activity in vitro. A targeting recombinant PF4(platelet factor-4) eukaryotic expression vector was designed and constructed by cloning PF4^47-70-RGD cDNA into the pcDNA3.1(+) vector, and was transferred by lipofectamine into CHO cell line. Then G418 was used to select table-transfected CHO cell line with PF4^47-70-RGD gene. The mRNA and protein expression level of recombinant peptides were analyzed via RT-PCR and Western blot. MTT assay was used to observe the growth inhibition effect of expressing products of table-transfected CHO cell line on HUVEC(Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells). The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector of pcDNA3.1(+)-PF4^47-70-RGD is successfully constructed and stabilized expressed CHO cell lines is acquired. Target gene expression is detected both at the genetic and protein level. MTT assay shows that growth inhibitory rate of expressing products of table-transfected CHO cell to HUVEC is 50.8%. Compared with the control group, the growth and tubular formation of HUVEC are significantly inhibited in the experimental group. The targeting recombinant PF4 peptides have antiangiogenic activity, and they inhibit the proliferation of HUVEC in vitro.