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Current Issue
2015 Vol.32 Issue.1,
Published 2015-01-15
Article
Article
0
2015 Vol. 32 (1): 0-0 [
Abstract
] (
1147
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
490KB] (
1478
)
1
Catalytic Conversion of Cellulose in the Presence of Mixed-Oxide ZrO
2
-SiO
2
Under Hot Compressed Water (HCW) Condition
Wang Hua, Song Zhiqiang, Niu Yufei, Han Jinyu
Mixed-Oxide ZrO
2
-SiO
2
was prepared by co-precipitation method and characterized by XRD, BET and NH
3
-TPD. The conversion of cellulose catalyzed by ZrO
2
-SiO
2
was studied under hot compressed water (HCW) condition. The influences of Zr/Si molar ratio, reaction time and temperature on cellulose conversion were investigated. Results showed that ZrO
2
-SiO
2
possessed more acid sites. ZrO
2
-SiO
2
with a Zr/Si molar ratio of 7:1 presented the highest acidity and reactivity toward hydrolysis and dehydration reactions. The conversion of cellulose reached 59.0% and the total yield of glucose, lactic acid, levulinic acid and 5-HMF were 26.9% within 5 min at 200 ℃, 2.5 MPa N
2
.
2015 Vol. 32 (1): 1-5 [
Abstract
] (
2068
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
1084KB] (
1975
)
6
Synthesis of LiFePO
4
/C Using Fe
2
O
3
Prepared from the Iron Sludge as Iron Source
Chang Xiaolong, Tian Jianhua, Shan Zhongqiang
Fe was recovered from the iron sludge in form of Fe
2
O
3
via a method including dissolving, reducing, ball milling, precipitating, being treated with dilute HNO
3
and calcining. LiFePO
4
/C was synthesized using the Fe
2
O
3
as iron source. The influence of ball milling and treatment with dilute HNO
3
on the performance of LiFePO
4
/C was investigated. XRD patterns show that the LiFePO
4
/C is single olivine-type phase and well crystallized. Particles of the LiFePO
4
/C with size ranging from 100 nm to 150 nm distribute homogeneously. Electrochemical performance is investigated with galvanostatic charge/discharge tests. The LiFePO
4
/C using Fe
2
O
3
prepared via the optimal process as iron source shows good stability and rate performance due to the retention of Co, Cr and Ni.
2015 Vol. 32 (1): 6-10 [
Abstract
] (
2937
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
1331KB] (
1671
)
11
Organic Solvent Extraction of Bitumen from Canada Oil Sands
Feng Jie, Li Xingang, Xu Ningjin, Sui Hong
Organic solvent extraction used for extraction of bitumen from oil sand was introduced, and the process has two stages: bitumen phase dissolution and separation of bitumen, solvent and sands. In this study, toluene, heptane, acetone, ethyl acetate, toluene/heptane, acetone/heptane and ethyl acetate/heptane were used as the solvent to investigate the total recovery of bitumen and the extraction efficiency of four defined fractions (saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes) in bitumen. The result of the surface tension of bitumen/solvent showed that the surface tension varied only based on the type of solvent used and remained relatively unchanged during the extraction process of bitumen from oil sands. Mixture solvent systems were good for oil sand separation due to the extraction efficiency and the low surface tension.
2015 Vol. 32 (1): 11-16 [
Abstract
] (
2668
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
1524KB] (
2353
)
17
Synthesis of 3-(3,4-Methylenedioxyphenyl)-5-Phenyl-2-Isoxazoline
Gong Yan, Tang Xiangyang, Qi Xin, Yan Chunli
In order to synthesize 3-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-5-phenyl-2-isoxazoline (3), a three-step synthetic procedure was developed, which involved condensation, chlorination and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. In the first two steps, the oxime (1) and hydroximoyl chloride (2) were synthesized from heliotropin. In the presence of triethylamine (Et
3
N), a series of hydroximoyl chloride was transformed into nitrile oxide, followed by reacting with styrene via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition to afford (3). Dosage of Et
3
N and temperature of reaction were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the yield of (3) is 92%.
2015 Vol. 32 (1): 17-20 [
Abstract
] (
2687
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
1186KB] (
1783
)
21
Influence of Template Part-Removing on CO
2
Adsorption of MCM-41 Modified with Amines
Yao Ying, Ding Tong, Ma Zhi, Qi Xiaozhou, Zhang Hui, Liu Yulan
MCM-41 mesoporous molecular sieve, which has a single pore channel and a large specific surface area, exhibites higher selectivity and higher adsorption quantity by loading organic amine than common solid adsorbent.This paper is mainly focused on the research of the partly removing of MCM-41 template and loading PEI as solid adsorbent. We researched the influence of amount of removing template on the organic amine dispersion and the adsorption of carbon dioxide adsorption. The structure of adsorbent was characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TEM and BET. The adsorption capacity of CO
2
was determined by TG/DTA. As a result, it can be indicated that the adsorption capacity of CO
2
was as high as 131.0 mg/g (262.0 mg/g-PEI) with MCM-41-raw-PEI-50%, which is 12.6% higher than absorption capacity of the calcined MCM-41-PEI-50% (116.8 mg/g). The adsorption capacity of MCM-41-raw-PEI-50% is 3.26 times than the single PEI (80.3 mg/g). It confirmed that CO
2
absorption capacity was correspondingly enhanced with the increase of usage ratio of organic amine, which was attributed to the internal pore of MCM-41-raw owing sub-nanometer space structure forming by filamentous micelle.
2015 Vol. 32 (1): 21-25 [
Abstract
] (
3098
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
1642KB] (
1754
)
26
Effects of W/Ni on the Catalytic Performance of NiO-WO
3
/γ-Al
2
O
3
Catalyst for Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Isobutane
Chen Chuan, Wang Xitao
NiO-WO
3
/
γ
-Al
2
O
3
catalysts were prepared by stepwise impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, FT-Raman spectroscopy, temperature programmed reduction, NH
3
-temperature programmed desorption, UV-diffuse reflectance spectrum. The effects of W/Ni ratio on surface structure, distribution of active species and catalytic performance for selective oxidation of isobutane were investigated. The results show that
n
(W)/
n
(Ni) has a significant impact to surface active species of catalysts. WO
3
crystal and Ni-Al spinel are mainly observed when the W content increases. However, in Ni-rich catalysts, polytungstate, NiWO
4
and Ni-Al spinel species are mainly observed on the surface of catalysts. Addition of W at a proper amount obviously improves the catalytic performance of catalyst for selective oxidation of isobutene and the number of strong acid sites on the catalyst surface. The catalysts have the best performance for selective oxidation of isobutene when
n
(W)/
n
(Ni+W)=0.2, which is especially related to dehydrogenation capability of active species, lattice oxygen activity and surface acidity of the catalyst.
2015 Vol. 32 (1): 26-30 [
Abstract
] (
3120
) [
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1KB] [
PDF
1489KB] (
1739
)
31
Isolation and Identification of Petroleum Degrading Marine Bacteria and Its Activity
Zhang Aijun, Hao Jianan, Yang Bo, Zhang Xiaoqing, Jiang Tianxiang, Du Jin, Zhang Yushan
A novel petroleum-degrading microbial strain, designated SI-JHS, was isolated from tidal flat sediment in estuary of Bohai, by using serial dilution method and plate streak method in the medium containing petroleum as a sole carbon source. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and Biolog analysis of 95 carbon sources, the strain was primarily identified as
Pseudoalteromon
.sp. Effects of pH values, temperature, salinity, concentrations of petroleum on degradation of activities SI-JHS were investigated. The results showed that under the optimal growth conditions, with salinity of 3.5%, pH of 7.0, temperature of 35 ℃, the petroleum could be degraded in the high efficiency of 75.71%.
2015 Vol. 32 (1): 31-36 [
Abstract
] (
2810
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
1817KB] (
1688
)
37
Optimization of Crystallization Process of Azithromycin Dihydrate
Ma Boai, Gong Junbo
In this paper, the influence of initial concentration, pumping rate of anti-solvent and agitation intensity on the crystal size distribution (CSD) of products was considered and then an optimized crystallization technology was proposed. The optimized products were obtained at 40 ℃ with 0.32 g/g initial concentration, 200 r/min agitation rate and 200 μL/min feeding rate. The CSD of products is from 300 μm to 800 μm and the mean crystal size is 580 μm.
2015 Vol. 32 (1): 37-40 [
Abstract
] (
3308
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
1585KB] (
2617
)
41
Numerical Simulation of Flow and Heat Transfer in a Novel Polysilicon Reduction Furnace's Baseboard
Zhou Yang, Duan Lian, Huang Zheqing, Liu Chunjiang
Siemens process energy consumption can be limited by furnace's baseboard temperature. An analysis based on mass and heat transfer theory, on different types of baseboards and a new type of baseboard structure are studied in detail in this paper. This new type is contained of two chambers cut by a barrier where several sleeves are welded around the electrodes. When the furnace works, the cold water, which passes through the sleeves from the lower chamber to the upper chamber, takes the heat from the hot electrodes and the furnace's baseboard. The baseboard temperature of higher degree of uniformity is realized in this type of baseboard,compared with the traditional ones. The effect of flow geometry parameters on heat transfer for turbulent flow in the sleeves with baffles inserts has also been investigated. Different flow geometry parameters of baffle width (
W
), baffle thickness (
T
), pitch (
P
) were varied parametrically during the experiments. Water, temperature of which is 300 K, was used as working fluid, while stainless steel was considered as sleeve and baffle material. The best effect of cooling performance is the type with the parameters of
W
b
=1 mm,
T
b
=1 mm,
P
b
=10 mm;
W
t
=1 mm,
T
t
=1 mm,
P
t
=10 mm and prompts 32% increase in heat transfer effect and 54% in uniformity of temperature.
2015 Vol. 32 (1): 41-47 [
Abstract
] (
5397
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
1835KB] (
1729
)
48
Experiment and Optimal Simulation of United Distillation Process for Separation of Tetrahydrofuran-Water Azeotrope
Zhao Luyang, Cai Wangfeng, Zhang Xubin
Mixture of tetrahydrofuran and water can form a minimum boiling azeotrope, which has a boiling point of 64 ℃, and it was separated by a united distillation process with three columns in this study. Ethylene glycol was selected as the extractant in extractive distillation on the basis of reported literatures, and the product from extractive distillation column was dehydrated in dehydrating column. Technical process was simulated by Aspen Plus. Processing parameters of single column such as feed stage and mass reflux ratio were simulated, optimized and determined using Wilson model and RadFrac module. The parameters studied by experiment were all in accordance with results from simulation. Product of tetrahydrofuran obtained from dehydrating column achieved water content as low as 170 μg/g. Adopting optimized parameters; the whole process was simulated in Aspen Plus. The product could achieve a purity of 0.9995, with a yield of 0.9988. The purity is better than those achieved by common extractive distillation process with two columns.
2015 Vol. 32 (1): 48-53 [
Abstract
] (
3401
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
2115KB] (
3110
)
54
Investigation on Iron (II) Determination and Electrochemical Behavior of Iron-Sucrose Complex by Pulse Polargraphy
Fang Wen, Hua Chuanzheng, Tang Chuanfei, Xiong Shoujun
Iron (II) determination and electrochemical behavior of iron-sucrose complex by pulse polargraphy are theoretical analyzed. The influence of pulse amplitude of voltage pulse Δ
E
,pulse time
δ
and temperature
T
on height and potential of the first and second polarographic peak is studied with the single factor method. It was found that these three factors had significant influence on the electrochemical behavior of iron-sucrose in pulse polargraphy. And the USP method for the determination of iron(II) content in iron sucrose injection is discussed in details. Based on the research results in this paper, some advices for improving the analyzing method given by USP are suggested.
2015 Vol. 32 (1): 54-58 [
Abstract
] (
2064
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
1628KB] (
2325
)
59
Cloning the Flanking Sequences of
bapt
by Thermal Asymmetric Interlaced PCR
Lin Chunyan, Guo Jing, Zhao Guangrong
Taxol is a natural anticancer drug produced from
Taxus
species, and widely used in the clinical treatment of breast cancer and small cell lung cancer. The expression of baccatin Ⅲ-aminophenylpropanoyl-13-O-transferase (
bapt
) gene is limited for taxol biosynthesis, and its flanking sequences are prerequisite for regulating taxol production. We cloned
bapt
gene and its flanking sequences with the length of 5.6 kb by homologous cloning and thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR. Bioinformatic analysis of the sequence showed that
bapt
gene contains two exons and one intron with the open reading frame of 1 338 bp. 5' Flanking sequence of 1 604 bp contains the promoter and 3' flanking sequence of 2 582 bp contains 242 bp long terminator. The regulatory elements discovered in this research would be helpful to improve the production of taxol through metabolically engineering taxus cells.
2015 Vol. 32 (1): 59-63,78 [
Abstract
] (
3210
) [
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1KB] [
PDF
3660KB] (
1577
)
64
Xylose Fermentation Performance of
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
with Different Combination of the Overexpressed Non-Oxidative Pentose Phosphate Pathway Genes
Sun Jinyun, Gao Wenxuan, Ding Wentao, Liu Wen, Chen Xun
To study the influence of non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) on xylose utilization in
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
, different combinations of PPP genes
TKL
1,
RPE
1 and
RKI
1 were overexpressed in the
TAL
1-enhanced yeast strain, which also had the double-copy integration of upstream pathway genes
XYL
1,
XYL
2 and
XKS
1. Performance of recombinant yeasts was investigated at both 5% and 8% xylose as well as glucose and xylose mixture, results showed that overproduction of PPP genes stimulated cell growth and xylose conversion at both xylose concentrations, concomitant with higher ethanol yield at the expense of xylitol and glycerol formation, and all recombinant strains can use up 5% xylose within 36 to 48 h. Yeast strains of
S. cerevisiae
with four PPP genes co-overexpressed showed more advantages, and under the 8% xylose concentration, ethanol yield was about 0.337 g/g xylose, 7.86% higher than parent strain. It indicated that co-overproduction of all PPP genes may be the top priority for enhancing xylose metabolism in
S. cerevisiae
strains.
2015 Vol. 32 (1): 64-70,78 [
Abstract
] (
2105
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
3555KB] (
1560
)
71
Advances in Single Cell Sequencing
Dong Yan, Song Chengcheng, Huang He
High through-put sequencing technologies have revolutionized the field of genomics, enabling fast and cost-effective generation of genome-scale sequence data with exquisite resolution and accuracy. Genome sequencing currently requires DNA from pools of numerous nearly identical cells, and the data obtained to date are averages of ensembles of cells. However, it is not certain whether the same features are the same inside an individual cell. Accordingly, important information may be masked by the averaging process. Single cell sequencing is a kind of high through-put sequencing technologies on the scale of individual cells. Compared with conventional through-put sequencing, it could be a powerful approach for studying uncultivated microorganism and the genetic heterogeneity of individual cells with the same phenotype. Single cell sequencing technology includes single cell isolation, cell lysis and DNA purification, whole genome amplification, genome sequencing and data analysis. Here, we review single-cell genome sequencing, analyze the advantages and disadvantages of current technologies and describe the recently recommended improvements.
2015 Vol. 32 (1): 71-78 [
Abstract
] (
4967
) [
HTML
1KB] [
PDF
1628KB] (
2702
)
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