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2007 Vol.24 Issue.6,
Published 2007-11-15
Article
Article
471
Preparation of Nanometer ZrO_2 with High Dispersibility by Microemulsion
JIA Chun-yao~
Nanometer ZrO_2 with high dispersibility was prepared in microemulsion system of TX-10/n-hexanol/cyclohexane under the volume ratio of 1.0∶1.3∶7.7 with concentration of reactors for 0.02 mol/L,200 mL displacement dose of water and at the roasting temperature of 450 ℃.N_2 absorption experiments showed that there were corelations between pore size distribution and dispersibility of nanometer ZrO_2.XRD results revealed that the fresh sample was amorphous,and tetragonal phase appeared as a predominant phase with a little monoclinic modification after calcining the sample at 450 ℃ for 3 h.When further heating the sample at 750 ℃,pure monoclinic zirconia was obtained.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 471-475 [
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476
A Primary Study on the Synthesis of N-Acetyl-L-Threonine
WANG Wei,LI Hua,YANG Kai-lun
A new synthetic method,by which N-acetyl-L-threonine was produced from L-threonine in alkaline solution using acetic anhydride as acetylation agent,was described.The optimum reaction conditions were that molar ratio of L-threonine to acetic anhydride was 1.00∶1.00—1.00∶1.05,pH of the solution within 7—9,reaction at 10—20 ℃,the time within one hour after the solution became turbid.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 476-479 [
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1636
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480
Relationship Between the Structure and Electrophotoconductive Properties of Triarylamines Hole Transport Materials
BAI Xiang,WANG Shi-rong,LI Xiang-gao,XU Guo-hui
A phenylenediamine type and five biphenyldiamines type of triarylamine compounds were synthesized.The relationship among the structure,UV and electrophotoconductive properties was discussed through the testing data.The results indicated that the type of the triarylamine,the property,number and locality of the substitutes have influences on the transportation of the carriers.The electron withdrawing groups are in favor of the transportation.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 480-484 [
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3581
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485
Diesel Flowing Improver for Xinjiang High Wax Diesel
WANG Jing-jing,XIE Cheng-xi,ZHANG Jian-bin
On the basis of several preliminary synthetic diesel flowing improver(DFI),the effectiveness of diesel filtration and the ability to adapt to different diesel of DFI are investigated in Xinjiang local high wax content of diesel.(()~1H-NMR) is used to determine the average number of carbon atoms of diesel, simultaneously X-ray diffraction method is performed to analyze the mechanism of improvement.The results reveal that the wax content of diesel has a direct effect on the effectiveness of the additives.Under the low temperature environment,DFI can effectively prevent the growth of wax crystal and this can provide good information for the practical use of the high-quality DFI in Xinjiang high wax diesel.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 485-488 [
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1817
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489
Influence of Magnetic Field on the Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium of n-Butanol-Water System
LIU Yong,CUI Guo-gang,JIA Liang,JIA Shao-yi
In order to investigate the influence of magnetic field on the vapor-liquid equilibrium of binary azeotrope,the vapor-liquid equilibrium of n-butanol-water system was studied under magnetic field with different magnetic induction intensity.The results show that the magnetic field has influence on the vapor-liquid equilibrium of n-butanol-water system and the influence is positive effect,the magnetic field is helpful for the rectification process of n-butanol-water system.The vapor-liquid equilibrium data of n-butanol-water system was correlated by NRTL model and the parameter of NRTL model under different magnetic induction intensity was obtained.Thermodynamic consistency test was made and showed the experimental data was reliable.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 489-492 [
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493
Catalytic Degradation of Polystyrene in Supercritical Fluid
LI Chun-hua,ZHANG Min-hua,JIANG Hao-xi
Catalytic degradation of polystyrene(PS) in supercritical toluene and n-hexane using barium oxide as the catalyst was carried out.The results show that degradation of PS in supercritical toluene is better than that in supercritical n-hexane.The effects of reaction temperature and the ratio of feed on the conversion of polystyrene,the yield of styrene and the distribution of product were also discussed.The optimization experiment conditions for catalytic degradation of polystyrene in supercritical toluene are temperature of 340 ℃,reaction time 30 min,ratio of toluene to PS is 15.0.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 493-496 [
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1843
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497
Photoluminescence of Y_2O_3:Eu~(2+) Phosphor Prepared by Oxalic Acid Co-Precipitation Method
FAN Jun-gang,SUN Shu-qing,MA Xiang-hui
In this article,Y_2O_3:Eu~(2+) phosphor powder is synthesized by self-reduction and oxidation of oxalicates that prepared by oxalic acid co-precipitation method,in which Y_2O_3 is the host material and Eu~(2+) is the photoluminescent center.This method has a low calcination temperature and simple operation and Eu~(3+) was reduced to Eu~(2+) without any reductive materials from outside.This method has lower danger and cost than conventional methods.In this experiment,the photoluminescent properties and mechanism of Y_2O_3:Eu~(2+) as well as relations between concentration of Eu~(2+),calcinations temperature and luminescent brightness of Eu~(2+) at 545 nm in the emission spectra are investigated.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 497-500 [
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501
Synthesis and Characterization of n-Butyl Methacrylate-PEG Comb Copolymer
LI Li-li,ZHAO Yun-hui,JIA Qiang,SHENG Jing
The n-butyl methacrylate-PEG comb polymer was synthesized by n-butyl methacrylate(BMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate(POEM) with AIBN as initiator and tetrahydrofuran as solvent.The structure and properties of the copolymers have been investigated by()~1H-NMR,DSC and measurement of surface contact angle.The results show feed ratio has important effect on the structure and properties of the copolymers and the content of the two units in the copolymer coincides with its feed ratio.As the content of BMA increases,the melting point,enthalpy of fusion,dynamic contact angle of copolymer rise.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 501-504 [
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505
Preparation and Content Analysis of Metformin Microemulsion
XU Zhi-bin~1,LIU Ming-yan~1,JIANG Rong-gao~2,WANG Chun-long~2,LIU Zheng-jun~1
Based on the obtained pseudo-ternary phase diagrams,the effects of surfactants,cosurfactants and oils on the microemulsion were studied and the formulations were optimized.From the formulation the stable metformin loaded water-in-oil microemulsion could be prepared using teaoil/Tween 80-Span85/PEG400/water system.The mean diameter of the microemulsions determined by the Photon Correlation Spectroscopy was 46.3 nm with Gauss distribution.The content of metformin loaded in microemulsions was analyzed by UV method.The average recovery by UV method was 99.56% with standard deviation of 1.23%.The metformin microemulsion prepared was pharmaceutically acceptable and the method to determine the concentration of metformin was acute and reliable.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 505-509 [
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510
Synthesis of Methacrolein
WANG Bao-he,LI Yun-li,ZHANG Hao-jian,JING Xin
Methacrolein(MAL)was synthesized by two-steps process,which includes Mannich reaction of formaldehyde,propionaldehyde and diethyl amine in the presence of acid catalyst and decomposition reaction of Mannich base.The proper reaction conditions were the molar ratio of formaldehyde to propionaldehyde to diethyl amine is 1.1∶1.0∶1.0,reaction time is 50 min,Mannich reaction temperature is (46 ℃,) decomposition temperature is(75 ℃.) Under the above conditions,conversion of propionaldehyde and yield of MAL were up to 99.8% and 91.2% respectively.The product was characterized by IR spectra.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 510-512 [
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513
Purification Process of Terephthalic Acid
XU Shi-chang,LUO Qi-ming,LIU Hui-wu,FAN Zhen-lu,Wang Ji-xiao
New methods for purification of crude terephthalic acid(CTA) were studied.The proposed purification strategies were adsorption,dissolving and precipitating process.The tested adsorbents included polyurethane,weak acid cation exchange resin as well as their chemical modified substances.Sodium sulfite solution was used as dissolving reagent and sulphur dioxide was used as precipitant.The effects of operating parameters on the purity of purified terephthalic acid(PTA) were discussed.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 513-516 [
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517
Complexation Extraction of Hydroxylation Solution by Tributyl Phosphate
FENG Hui-sheng,CHEN Yi-lie,HE Li-juan
Extraction of hydroxylation solution by tributyl phosphate in 4-methyl-2-pentanone was studied.The phase equilibrium data,equilibrium distribution coefficient and the extraction percentage were tested.The compositions of complexes were determined by the hyperbolic logarithm method.The experimant shows that the extraction percentage can reach 99.76% when tributyl phosphate is used and it is prior to traditional solvent extraction.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 517-520 [
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521
Experimental Study on Dynamic Viscosity of Biodiesel
SUN Long-jiang~1,XU Shi-min~
A sort of biodiesel fuel,methyl ester from soybean oil(SME),was prepared by basic catalysis and interesterification.The component and content of fatty acid methyl ester in biodiesel were measured by GC,and the dynamic viscosity of SME by Brookfield DV-Ⅲ+ Rheometer.The results showed that the crystallization point of SME was(-1 ℃,) and when temperature below this point,the dynamic viscosity of SME depended on shear rate more than temperature,while temperature above the crystallization point the result was opposite.And the rheogram showed Newtonian behavior for SME above the crystallization point,however,non-Newtonian behavior was expected at temperature below the crystallization temperature;in addition,when temperature below the crystallization point,the viscosity rised steeply within a temperature range of only(1 ℃.) All of the effects should be taken into account when SME was used.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 521-524 [
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525
Technology of Furfural Production from Xylose
LI Ping-li~1,LI Jia-bo~1,XIE Li-xin~1,BAO Cheng-qiong~2,CHANG He-ying~1
Furfural was produced from xylose solution by hydrolization reaction with acetic acid as catalyst in the autoclave intermittently.The effect of several variables such as temperature,concentration of acetic acid and initial concentration of xylose on furfural yield was studied.When initial concentration of xylose was constant,furfural yield increased with the increasing of temperature,and then decreased when the temperature was above(180 ℃) for different concentrations of acetic acid.At given initial concentration of xylose and temperature,furfural yield can firstly increase and then decrease with the increasing of the concentration of acetic acid.And when temperature and concentration of acetic acid were fixed,the maximum of furfural yield was affected by initial concentration of xylose.Furfural yield can reach 80% by optimizing reaction variables.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 525-527 [
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528
Determination of Pb and Cd in Salvia Miltiorrhiza Gge. by Graphite-Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
MA Jun-hong~1,GAO Jun~2,QIAO Jian-jun~1
A method for determination of Pb,Cd in Salvia miltiorrhiza gge.was reported,and the contents of Pb and Cd were quantitatively determined in 70 batches of Salvia miltiorrhiza gge.The sample was digested with microwave for 14 min,and the contents of Pb,Cd were determined with NH_4H_2PO_4 and Mg(NO_3)_2 as a matrix modifier.The ashing temperature of Pb and Cd was (800 ℃),the atomization temperature of Pb,Cd was(2 100 ℃) and(2 000 ℃) respectively.The contents of Pb,Cd in 70 batches of Salvia miltiorrhiza gge.was 0.146—3.780 μg/g,and 0.011—0.257 μg/g.Experiments showed the method is suitable for the determination of the contents of Pb and Cd in Salvia miltiorrhiza gge.and the amount of Pb,Cd in 70 batches of Salvia miltiorrhiza gge. is in the limit of the standard.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 528-531 [
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1176
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532
Quantitative Determination of Four Kinds of Ginkgolides in Ginkgo Leaves
CUI Hong-fang~1,YE Zheng-liang~2,ZHOU Da-zheng~2,ZHU Guo-guang~1,LIANG Bin~1
An HPLC-ELSD method was established to quantitatively determine four kinds of ginkgolides in 30 batches of ginkgo leaves,and the obtained data were analyzed.The analysis was performed on phenonoonon C_(18) column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)with 35% methanol as mobile phase,at a flow rate of(1.000 mL/min.) The drift tube temperature of the ELSD detector was(60 ℃) and the evaporative gas was nitrogen with pressure of 1.72×(10~5 Pa.) The results showed that the content of ginkgolides in ginkgo leaves,which grow in laterite for 6—7 years without graft,was higher.The total content of ginkgolides was always ranging 0.3%—0.5%.The method was accurate with good repeatability for the quantitative determination of ginkgolides in ginkgo leaves.The content of ginkgolides was largely affected by the growth conditions of ginkgo leaves and the influence factors needed to be deeply investigated.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 532-535 [
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536
Effect of Addition of the Thrid Phase on Gas-Liquid Mass Transfer
LI Wen-xiu~1,BI Ying~1,YU San-san~1,JI Zhi-ling~1,YANG Lihong~1,WANG Xiao~2
This paper systematically introduced the effect of the presence of small amounts of the third phase which may be solid particles or the second dispersed liquid phase(organic phase) on gas-liquid mass transfer processes.In different gas-liquid reactors(stirred reactor\bubble column reactor),with the joining of the third phase and the second despersed liquided,the coefficient of mass transfer,the rate of mass transfer and interface areas have been affected.Furthermore,the mechanism of gas-liquid mass transfer was reviewed and the further developments were predicted.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 536-544 [
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545
Progress in Direct Carbon Fuel Cells
ZHANG Rui,LI Yong-dan
Carbon fuel cells,directly consuming solid carbon as fuel,have no difficulty in both transportation and storage.Carbon fuel cell is much more efficient than hydrogen fuel cell and its product carbon dioxide does not need further purification for commercial use and is easy for sequestration.Further,solid carbon can be obtained from a variety of natural resources with large enough reserves and with a high exergy retaining ratio.In recent years carbon fuel cells have gained increasing attention and have shown several promising prospects in the cases of centralized and distributed power supply.In this paper,the principle of the direct carbon fuel cell,its state-of-the-art components and performance and the prototype structure are reviewed and discussed.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 545-550 [
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551
Advances in the Preparation of Nanosized Zirconia and Composite Powder by Hydrothermal Method
CUI Lan~1,CUI Jiang-mei~1,CHEN Xiao-ping~1,LI Shui-rong~2,MA Xin-bin~2
The applications of nanosized zirconia and composite powder become more and more significant with the development in the electronic and new material industries.In this paper,the traditional method was compared with hydrothermal method.The merit of the hydrothermal method,which has many routs including hydrothermal crystallization,hydrothermal precipitation,hydrothermal oxidation and microwave-hydrothermal process,was introduced.Various hydrothermal methods were summarized,which were adopted to obtain nanosized zirconia and composite powder.At last the difficulties for the hydrothermal method and the prespect in the future were proposed.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 551-555 [
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979
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556
Progress in Biodegradable Shape-Memory Polyurethane
SUN Jun-feng,FENG Ya-kai,ZHANG Shi-feng
Segmented polyurethanes containing amorphous or crystalline soft segments as reversible phase and crosslink points as fixed phase can exhibit shape-memory properties.Shape-memory polymer and the theory of shape-memory were reviewed in this paper.Furthermore,the biodegradability and shape-memory properties were summarized with the emphasis on new progress in biodegradable shape-memory polyurethane.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 556-559 [
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560
Progress in Solvent Separation by Foam Sublation
GAO Ren-long~
Progress in solvent separation by foam sublation is reviewed. The key problems of the separation process,such as the separation technology and equipment,are emphatically discussed.The potential applications and research focus of foam sublation in the separation of organic compounds from their dilute solutions are prospected.
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 560-564 [
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Contents List of Chemical Industry and Engineering,Vol 24,2007
2007 Vol. 24 (6): 565-574 [
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847
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2007 Vol. 24 (6): 575-575 [
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