黄水输送系统中磷基矿物结晶特性的影响因素研究

摘要在黄水的输送过程中,磷基矿物的沉积问题是构建大规模黄水输送系统的主要挑战之一。对此,系统性地评估了黄水中磷基矿物的结晶特性,分析了pH值、n(Ca)/n(Mg)、柠檬酸盐、转速等因素对磷基矿物结晶特性的影响。结果表明pH值和n(Ca)/n(Mg)是影响黄水中磷基矿物结晶特性的主要因素。初始pH值的增加导致结晶产物中鸟粪石的纯度降低,当初始pH值由7.0增加至8.0时,羟基磷灰石(HAP)、磷酸八钙(OCP)、无定形磷酸钙(ACP)及磷酸三钙(TCP)的初始过饱和度指数迅速增大,导致结晶产物中Ca-P化合物的比例迅速增加,Ca-P化合物的存在影响了鸟粪石晶体的生长过程,晶体形态由规则的多面体晶体转变为形状不规则的晶体,并且晶体表面被大量的无定形Ca-P化合物覆盖。在黄水中,相对于钙、镁离子,磷酸盐是“过量”的,Ca-P化合物和Mg-P化合物之间并不存在明显的竞争关系,钙离子主要是参与影响鸟粪石晶体的生长过程,随着初始n(Ca)/n(Mg)的增加,鸟粪石晶体在结晶产物中比例下降的原因主要是因为随着钙离子浓度的增加,黄水中形成了更多的Ca-P化合物。

	Service

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	Email Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	闫政序
	陈静
	杨朕
	程世昆
	李子富

关键词：磷基矿物黄水输送自发沉淀结晶特性

Abstract： The deposition of phosphorus-based minerals in urine diversion system has been one of the main challenges to establish large-scale urine diversion system. The crystallization characteristics of phosphorus-based minerals were systematically evaluated in this paper, and the effects of various factors such as pH, calcium-magnesium molar ratio, citrate, and rotational speed on the crystallization characteristics of phosphorus-based minerals were studied. The results indicated that the pH and the calcium-magnesium molar ratio were the main factors affecting the crystallization characteristics of phosphorus-based minerals in urine. The increase in the initial pH resulted in a decrease in the purity of struvite in the crystalline substance. When the initial pH increased from 7.0 to 8.0, the initial supersaturation index of HAP[Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂], OCP[Ca₄H(PO₄)₃·3H₂O(s)], ACP[Ca₃(PO₄)₂] and TCP[Ca₃(PO₄)₂] increased significantly, resulting in a rapid increase in the proportion of Ca-P compounds in the crystalline substance. The growth process of struvite crystals was influenced by Ca-P compounds, which resulted in the transformation of crystal morphology from regular polyhedral crystals to irregularly shaped crystals. And the crystal surface was covered by a large number of amorphous Ca-P compounds. Compared with calcium and magnesium ions, phosphate is "excessive" in urine. There was no obvious competition relationship between Ca-P compounds and Mg-P compounds. Calcium ions mainly affected the growth process of struvite crystals. With the increase of the initial calcium-magnesium molar ratio, the proportion of struvite crystals in the crystalline substance decreased, which was mainly due to the formation of more Ca-P compounds in the yellow water as the concentration of calcium ions increased.

Keywords： phosphorus-based minerals urine diversion spontaneous precipitation crystallization characteristics

Received 2023-12-18;

Fund:国家自然科学基金项目(5221101156)。

Corresponding Authors: 程世昆,副教授,E-mail:chengshikun@ustb.edu.cn。 Email: chengshikun@ustb.edu.cn

About author: 闫政序(1994—),男,博士,现主要从事厕所粪污资源化、农村垃圾治理方面的研究。

引用本文:

闫政序, 陈静, 杨朕, 程世昆, 李子富.黄水输送系统中磷基矿物结晶特性的影响因素研究[J]. 化学工业与工程, 2024,41(6): 128-135

YAN Zhengxu, CHEN Jing, YANG Zhen, CHENG Shikun, LI Zifu.Investigation on influencing factors of crystallization characteristics of phosphorus-based minerals in urine diversion system[J]. Chemcial Industry and Engineering, 2024,41(6): 128-135

[1] GAJUREL D R, LI Z, OTTERPOHL R. Investigation of the effectiveness of source control sanitation concepts including pre-treatment with Rottebehaelter[J]. Water Science and Technology, 2003, 48(1): 111-118
[2] PAHL-WOSTL C, SCHÖNBORN A, WILLI N, et al. Investigating consumer attitudes towards the new technology of urine separation[J]. Water Science and Technology: A Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research, 2003, 48(1): 57-65
[3] VINNERÅS B, JÖNSSON H. The performance and potential of faecal separation and urine diversion to recycle plant nutrients in household wastewater[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2002, 84(3): 275-282
[4] LARSEN T A, GUJER W. The concept of sustainable urban water management[J]. Water Science and Technology, 1997, 35(9): 3-10
[5] LARSEN T A, GUJER W. Separate management of anthropogenic nutrient solutions (human urine)[J]. Water Science and Technology, 1996, 34(3/4): 87-94
[6] 李子富.城镇污水处理源头控制技术及进展[J].建设科技,2013,(2): 32-35 LI Zifu. Source control technology and progress of urban sewage treatment[J]. Building Technology, 2013, (2): 32-35(in Chinese)
[7] 曹睿,封莉,杜子文,等.农村生活污水传统处理与源分离处理碳排放比较[J].环境科学,2024,(8): 1-13 CAO Rui, FENG Li, DU Ziwen, et al. Comparison of carbon emissions between traditional treatment and source separation treatment of rural domestic sewage[J]. Environmental Science, 2024,(8): 1-13(in Chinese)
[8] 段文俊, 陆茵, 孙利利, 等. 我国高寒旱地区源分离尿液碱性稳定化研究[J]. 环境卫生工程, 2023, 31(3): 1-8 DUAN Wenjun, LU Yin, SUN Lili, et al. Study on alkaline stabilization of source-separated urine in alpine-cold and water shortage area of China[J]. Environmental Sanitation Engineering, 2023, 31(3): 1-8(in Chinese)
[9] RANDALL D G, KRÄHENBüHL M, KÖPPING I, et al. A novel approach for stabilizing fresh urine by calcium hydroxide addition[J]. Water Research, 2016, 95: 361-369
[10] 刘铭, 熊霞, 魏珞宇, 等. 源分离尿液废水资源化处理研究进展[J]. 中国沼气, 2023, 41(1): 3-12 LIU Ming, XIONG Xia, WEI Luoyu, et al. Biogas institute of ministry of agriculture and rural affairs[J]. China Biogas, 2023, 41(1): 3-12(in Chinese)
[11] UDERT K M, LARSEN T A, BIEBOW M, et al. Urea hydrolysis and precipitation dynamics in a urine-collecting system[J]. Water Research, 2003, 37(11): 2571-2582
[12] UDERT K M, LARSEN T A, GUJER W. Estimating the precipitation potential in urine-collecting systems[J]. Water Research, 2003, 37(11): 2667-2677
[13] LIENERT J, LARSEN T A. High acceptance of urine source separation in seven European countries: A review[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2010, 44(2): 556-566
[14] HELLSTRÖM D, JOHANSSON E. Swedish experiences with urine separating systems[J]. Wasser Und Boden, 1999,51(11):26-29
[15] YAN Z, CHENG S, ZHANG J, et al. Precipitation in urine source separation systems: Challenges for large-scale practical applications[J]. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2021, 169: 105479
[16] XU K, LI J, ZHENG M, et al. The precipitation of magnesium potassium phosphate hexahydrate for P and K recovery from synthetic urine[J]. Water Research, 2015, 80: 71-79
[17] ZHANG R, SUN P, BOYER T H, et al. Degradation of pharmaceuticals and metabolite in synthetic human urine by UV, UV/H₂O₂, and UV/PDS[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2015, 49(5): 3056-3066
[18] SUN P, LI Y, MENG T, et al. Removal of sulfonamide antibiotics and human metabolite by biochar and biochar/H₂O₂ in synthetic urine[J]. Water Research, 2018, 147: 91-100
[19] UDERT K M, LARSEN T A, GUJER W. Fate of major compounds in source-separated urine[J]. Water Science and Technology: A Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research, 2006, 54(11/12): 413-420
[20] LE CORRE K S, VALSAMI-JONES E, HOBBS P, et al. Impact of calcium on struvite crystal size, shape and purity[J]. Journal of Crystal Growth, 2005, 283(3/4): 514-522
[21] LIU Y, QU H. Interplay of digester supernatant composition and operating pH on impacting the struvite particulate properties[J]. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2017, 5(4): 3949-3955
[22] SHADDEL S, UCAR S, ANDREASSEN J P, et al. Engineering of struvite crystals by regulating supersaturation-Correlation with phosphorus recovery, crystal morphology and process efficiency[J]. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2019, 7(1): 102918
[23] LIU X, WANG J. Impact of calcium on struvite crystallization in the wastewater and its competition with magnesium[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 378: 122121
[24] YAN H, SHIH K. Effects of calcium and ferric ions on struvite precipitation: A new assessment based on quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis[J]. Water Research, 2016, 95: 310-318
[25] MORAGASPITIYA C, RAJAPAKSE J, MILLAR G J. Effect of Ca/Mg ratio and high ammoniacal nitrogen on characteristics of struvite precipitated from waste activated sludge digester effluent[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences (China), 2019, 86: 65-77
[26] HUTNIK N, KOZIK A, MAZIENCZUK A, et al. Phosphates (V) recovery from phosphorus mineral fertilizers industry wastewater by continuous struvite reaction crystallization process[J]. Water Research, 2013, 47(11): 3635-3643
[27] RONTELTAP M, MAURER M, HAUSHERR R, et al. Struvite precipitation from urine-Influencing factors on particle size[J]. Water Research, 2010, 44(6): 2038-2046
[28] PASTOR L, MARTI N, BOUZAS A, et al. Sewage sludge management for phosphorus recovery as struvite in EBPR wastewater treatment plants[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2008, 99(11): 4817-4824
[29] LEE S H, YOO B H, KIM S K, et al. Enhancement of struvite purity by re-dissolution of calcium ions in synthetic wastewaters[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2013, 261: 29-37
[30] YE Z, CHEN S, WANG S, et al. Phosphorus recovery from synthetic swine wastewater by chemical precipitation using response surface methodology[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010, 176(1/2/3): 1083-1088
[31] BARBOSA S G, PEIXOTO L, MEULMAN B, et al. A design of experiments to assess phosphorous removal and crystal properties in struvite precipitation of source separated urine using different Mg sources[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2016, 298: 146-153
[32] JOHRI N, JAEGER P, ROBERTSON W, et al. Renal stone disease[J]. Medicine, 2011, 39(7): 371-377
[33] CAO X D, HARRIS W. Carbonate and magnesium interactive effect on calcium phosphate precipitation[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2008, 42(2): 436-442
[34] MERSMANN A. Crystallization technology handbook[M]. Florida, United States: CRC Press, 2001