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2024 Vol.41 Issue.3,Published 2024-05-15
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2024 Vol. 41 (3): 0-0 [Abstract] ( 177 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 924KB] ( 994 )
1 Effect of catalyst hydrogenation ability on asphaltene composition and structure in vacuum residue
LIN Congfu, TIAN Lei, GUO Qiang, YANG Yong, FENG Fuxiang, LIU Yuan
The conversion performance of silica supported iron sulfur catalyst on Merey vacuum residue was evaluated in a slurry bed reactor. The influence of hydrogenation catalysts on the composition and structural transformation of asphaltene in Merey vacuum residue was studied using elemental analysis, GPC, XPS, 1H-NMR, FT-IR, XRD and other methods, and the mechanism of inhibition of asphaltene coking transformation by hydrogenation catalysts was analyzed. The results show that with the increase of catalyst hydrogenation ability, the content of N and S in asphaltenes decreases continuously, and hydrodesulfurization reaction is the easiest to take place, the H/C ratio, the average alkyl chain length (n) and the condensation index (HAU/CA) increase, while the aromaticity index (fA), the average height of the stack of aromatic sheets perpendicular to the plane of the sheet (Lc), the diameter of aromatic sheet (La) and the average number of aromatic sheets (M) decrease. This is mainly due to the fact that catalysts with strong hydrogenation ability can provide more hydrogen free radicals, causing the condensed aromatic rings in the asphaltene structure to undergo hydrogenation, resulting in longer side chains that hinder the formation of larger sized nanoaggregates in asphaltene, thereby inhibiting the precipitation and transformation of asphaltene from the oil phase to coke.

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2024 Vol. 41 (3): 1-10 [Abstract] ( 127 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3571KB] ( 318 )
11 Preparation and electrocatalytic CO2 reduction of Ni-based single-atom catalyst
ZHU Chao, ZHANG Haojie, TIAN Di, QU Zhiguo, DI Hongyu, ZHENG Nan
Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) has great application potential in solving global warming and the energy crisis, but the current problems such as low catalytic efficiency and diverse catalytic products limit the commercial application of CO2RR reaction. A series of nickel single-atom catalysts with different nickel contents were prepared by a one-pot carbonization method. The morphology, structure, atomic valence state, and metal content of nickel single-atom catalysts were characterized by XRD, XPS, ICP-OES, HRTEM, HAADF-STEM, XAS and other methods. The electrocatalytic performance was evaluated by the Faradaic efficiency(FE) and current density(J) of the electrocatalytic reduction products. The electrocatalytic performance was improved by changing the electrolysis experimental device. The experimental results indicated that both FECO and JCO increased as the Ni metal loading of Ni single-atom catalysts increased. Zn1Ni2-CN in the catalyst exhibited excellent CO2RR catalytic performance. In the H-type electrolytic cell, the FECO reached 89% at -0.7 V vs. RHE, and the JCO reached 6.99 mA·cm-2 at -0.9 V vs. RHE. From -0.4 to -1.2 V vs. RHE in the flow electrolytic cell, FECO remained above 99%, and JCO reached 174.5 mA·cm-2 at -1.2 V vs. RHE.

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2024 Vol. 41 (3): 11-17 [Abstract] ( 189 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 4009KB] ( 521 )
18 Synthesis of IBOMA-MPEGA-DMAM copolymer and its dispersion in phthalocyanine blue aqueous colorant
JIANG Shuangshuang, YIN Xiaogang, MAO Lianshan
The terpolymer of P(IBOMA-MPEGA-DMAM) was obtained by solution free polymerization through free solution polymerization of isobornyl methacrylate (IBOMA), polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether acrylate (MPEGA) and,N, N-dimethacrylamide (DMAM), with azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator, and the terpolymer was applied to the aqueous phthalocyanine blue dispersion system. Taking the color paste viscosity as a main measurement index, the effects of the dosage of initiator, reaction temperature and reaction time on the dispersibility were optimized by central composite method. FT-IR and 1H NMRGPC were used to characterize the chemical structure and molecular weight of polymers of the polymer. The particle size, microstructure, centrifugal and freeze-thaw stability of the aqueous phthalocyanine blue slurry were analyzed, and the influence of the dispersant on the dispersion of phthalocyanine blue was investigated. The results show that when the dosage amount of initiator is 2.12%, the reaction temperature is 81 ℃, the reaction time is 5.3 h, the dispersion performance is good, and when the amount of dispersant is 3.6%, the viscosity of the slurry is 6.2 mPa·s and the average particle size is 205 nm. Compared with commercial dispersants without added dispersants, the phthalocyanine blue slurry prepared by P(IBOMA-MPEGA-DMAM) has better dispersion stability.

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2024 Vol. 41 (3): 18-25 [Abstract] ( 119 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3520KB] ( 510 )
26 Recent advances in preparation and application of MXenes-based nanodots
ZHU Yansong, SU Junjun, PAN Hongfei, REN Xiangkui, CHEN Zhijian
The two-dimensional (2D) layered MXene materials have excellent physicochemical properties. The nanodot materials prepared by MXenes (MNDs) not only inherit the physical and chemical properties of the two-dimensional layered MXenes material itself, but also exhibit some new properties due to the size effect of the nanodots. This article reviewed MXenes-based nanodot materials comprehensively and summarized the preparation methods of MXenes nanodots including Ti3C2, MoC2, and others. Meanwhile, this article compared various common preparation methods, and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of different methods, on the basis of which the application prospects of such new nanomaterials in optoelectronic and biomedical fields are summarized.

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2024 Vol. 41 (3): 26-34 [Abstract] ( 117 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2805KB] ( 443 )
35 Preparation and performance of hyperbranched polyamide-amine scale inhibitors
WANG Yangyang, LIU Qingwang, FAN Zhenzhong, FU Yuanfeng, TONG Qilei, QIAO Sanyuan
With ethylenediamine(EDA), diethylenetriamine(DETA) and triethylenetetramine (TETA) as reaction centers, methanol as solvent and methyl acrylate (MA) as raw material, three different types of hyperbranched polyamide-amines [PAMAM(EDA/DETA/TETA)] were synthesized by Michael addition and amidation. Three kinds of phosphonic acid terminated hyperbranched polyamide-amine scale inhibitors [PAMAM(EDA/DETA/TETA)-H2PO3] were prepared by modifying 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid(HEDP), and their scale inhibition performance and mechanism were studied. The results show that the scale inhibition rate of hyperbranched polyamide-amines did not reach the standard, and the modified phosphonate terminated hyperbranched polyamide-amines had excellent scale inhibition performance. When the dosage of PAMAM(EDA)-H2PO3 is 500 mg·L-1 at high salinity, the scale inhibition rates of CaSO4 and CaCO3 are 98.5% and 90.1% respectively. It is also found that this type of scale inhibitor has the advantages of high temperature resistance, wide pH application range and long duration. Combined with dispersion performance test and scale sample analysis, it is found that its scale inhibition mechanism was mainly related to branched molecular structure, high dispersion of polymer and introduced functional groups.

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2024 Vol. 41 (3): 35-45 [Abstract] ( 228 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 6246KB] ( 471 )
46 Research status of carbon nanofiber catalysts of electrospinning for electroreduction of CO2
LUO Xuan, ZHANG Mengran, TANG Shiyin, ZHAO Xiangbo, TIAN Wutong, GAO Xiaoming, YAN Ting
Electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (CO2RR) is an effective measure to alleviate the greenhouse effect. However, the reaction kinetics is slow and is accompanied by hydrogen evolution. Therefore, the development of catalysts with high performance has become a research hotspot of electrocatalytic CO2RR. Electrospun carbon nanofibers have been widely used in the development of electrocatalytic CO2RR catalysts due to their large specific surface area, high conductivity and controllable structure. Based on the mechanism of electrocatalysis of CO2RR, the reaction paths of formic acid, carbon monoxide, ethylene, ethanol and other products were discussed. The research progress of non-metal doped carbon nanofiber and carbon nanofiber loaded metal catalysts for electrocatalysis of CO2RR was summarized. Non-metallic doping can effectively change the surface defect density, electronic structure and surface chemical properties of the catalyst, and improve the performance of electrocatalytic CO2RR. The d-orbital level of the metal atom is close to the Fermi level, which makes it easy to accept electrons in the reaction process, to optimize the electronic structure of the catalyst, change the kinetics of the electrocatalytic CO2RR reaction, and improve the reaction rate. On this basis, the opportunities and challenges of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction catalysts for electrospinning carbon nanofibers were put forward.

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2024 Vol. 41 (3): 46-55 [Abstract] ( 189 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3848KB] ( 565 )
56 Solid MAO supported metallocene catalyst for slurry polymerization of ethylene
WU Chaofan, ZANG Jinjin, WANG Lijuan, LI Jian
Methylaluminoxane (MAO) is the most commonly used activator for metallocenes in olefin polymerization reactions. In this research, an insoluble form of methylaluminoxane, also known as solid polymethylaluminoxane (sMAO), has been synthesized by the controlled hydrolysis of trimethylaluminum (TMA) with benzoic acid, followed by thermolysis. The role of preparing conditions (concentration of precursor, temperature of thermolysis, amount of hexane, et al.) on the particular morphology was systematically explored. SEM, ICP-MS and PSDA were used to characterize sMAO particles. sMAO can be utilized to support metallocene pre-catalysts in slurryphase ethylene polymerization reactions. Metallocene pre-catalyst rac-ethylenebis(1-indenyl)dichlorozirconium, rac-(EBI)ZrCl2 were immobilized on sMAO samples, to afford solids which showed very high polymerization activities in hexane, comparable to those of the respective homogeneous catalysts formed by treatment of the pre-catalysts with MAO.

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2024 Vol. 41 (3): 56-67 [Abstract] ( 131 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 20817KB] ( 433 )
68 Removal of As(III) by photocatalytic oxidation under BiOCl alkaline condition
WANG Chao, LI Yanfang, CIRENZHUOGA, TAN Xin, YU Tao
A series of BiOCl semiconductor photocatalysts were prepared by adjusting the hydrothermal reaction time. The crystal structure, microstructure, spectral characteristics and chemical composition of the catalysts were systematically analyzed by means of X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The photocatalytic conversion of As(III) was achieved by BiOCl material prepared in the experiment under alkaline conditions. At the same time, the removal performance of As(III) by BiOCl-8 at different pH values was studied. The results show that 0.5 g·L-1 BiOCl-8 can completely remove 5 mg·L-1 As(III) from the solution within 30 min of illumination at initial pH=10.
2024 Vol. 41 (3): 68-76 [Abstract] ( 128 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 5689KB] ( 510 )
77 Gel resin supported ionic liquids as solid acids for esterification reaction
XIE Ping, ZHONG Tianhao, SHAO Yuling, LI Tao, LU Yiwu, YU Yingmin, ZHAO Qingshan, LI Zhongtao
To solve the problem that the conventional concentrated sulfuric acid catalyst for esterification reactions are prone to corrosion and generate large amounts of acid-containing wastewater, highly efficient gel resin-loaded ionic liquid solid acid (SA-ILs) catalysts were prepared by a one-pot method of loading ionic liquids onto gel resins. It is shown that the gel resin carrier has a strong water-absorbing structure, and the ionic liquids are covalently loaded on the gel resin carrier through chemical bonding, leading to SA-ILs catalysts with excellent acidity and good structural stability. With an optimal ionic liquid loading of 11% and acid density of 3.25 mmol·g-1, the synthesized SA-ILs catalyst showed good catalytic performance for the transesterification reaction between acetic acid and ethanol, achieving a yield of 81% of ethyl acetate. The catalyst also showed slightly decrease of the catalytic performance after reused for five cycles. The lower activation energy of the catalyst is proved to be the key to facilitate the catalytic transesterification reaction.

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2024 Vol. 41 (3): 77-85 [Abstract] ( 136 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3065KB] ( 447 )
86 The effect of hydroxyl-functionalized ionomers on properties of thermoplastic starch/PBAT blends
MA Yilian, DING Yingli, HU Haodong, CHEN Xiangjian, CUI Liang, ZHANG Kunyu
Green polymer materials are one of the important means to solve the global challenge of plastic pollution. Sustainable material is widely studied, but the blend with various high properties has been less explored. Herein, high-performance and fully green multiphase blends were prepared by a melt-processing method from thermoplastic starch (TPS), poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and a series of novel hydroxyl-functionalized ionomers. The influence of the ionomer and composition on phase structure and physical properties of the blends were thoroughly investigated. The ionomer played multiple roles in the system as a plasticizer for TPS, toughening agent and compatibilizer for the blend. Working together with glycerol, the ionomer effectively improves the physical performance of TPS. More importantly, by intertwining between the TPS and PBAT phases through intermolecular interaction, the ionomer effectively enhanced the compatibility of the blend, offering comprehensive performance in combination of balanced mechanical property, and anti-aging properties. The elongation at break of TPS(I2-40%)/PBAT 20/80 is 436% after 30 days. The study has important implications for developing sustainable high-performance composites from natural products and bioplastics by IL-containing polymers.

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2024 Vol. 41 (3): 86-97 [Abstract] ( 125 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 11067KB] ( 497 )
98 Study on synergistic treatment of cyanidation gold extraction wastewater by micro-electrolysis-flocculation precipitation
ZHOU Jiameng, SONG Yonghui, ZHANG Panpan, WANG Yifan, LIAO Long
Microelectrolysis-flocculation and sedimentation technology was used to treat high-concentration cyanide gold extraction wastewater. The effects of voltage, electrolysis time, electrode spacing, temperature, and polymerization ferric chloride (PFC) addition on the removal rate of CNT, CN-, Cu, and Zn ions and its process reaction mechanism were mainly studied. The results show that at room temperature, with titanium plate as cathode and two graphite plates as anodes, this electrolysis system(one cathode and two anodes) was used to treat cyanide wastewater. The removal rates of CNT, CN-, Cu, and Zn ions in the wastewater can reach 97.29%, 97.83%, 99.36% and 98.74% respectively when the PFC dosage of 750 mg·L-1, the voltage of 4.5 V, the time of 3 h and the distance between the plates of 10 mm. And the treated wastewater can be directly returned to the leaching system. Under an electric field, the original Cl- in the wastewater and the Cl- generated by the dissociation of the PFC migrate directionally to the anode for oxidation reaction. The free cyanide and metal cyanide complex ions migrating near the anode are oxidized to N2 and CO2 indirectly by generated Cl2 and ClO-. Some of the heavy metal ions released by the metal cyanide complex ions are electrodeposited at the cathode. Part of Cu2+ will be removed in the form of Cu(OH)2 precipitation, Zn2+ and Cu(CN)2-3 co-precipitate will be removed in the form of Zn(CN)2 and CuCN precipitation. Meanwhile, micro-electrolysis-flocculation and PFC hydrolysis promote each other. The hydroxides and polynuclear hydroxyl complexes produced by the hydrolysis contribute to the rapid sedimentation of the precipitate through adsorption and flocculation. The technology can achieve the purpose of rapid and efficient removal of cyanide and comprehensive utilization of valuable metals, providing a new way for the harmless treatment and comprehensive utilization of cyanidation gold extraction wastewater.
2024 Vol. 41 (3): 98-105 [Abstract] ( 202 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3837KB] ( 390 )
106 Properties of liquid distribution in structured packing column
ZHENG Jiale, ZHU Huiming
Experiments on liquid distribution have been carried out to study the effects of variation in packed height, air and water loads and corrugation channel angle of structured packings on the liquid distribution quality in a large-scale cold-flow column. Under the condition of uniform initial distribution, although the height of packing is within 2 m, the uneven distribution of liquid always exists, especially in the wall area, the uneven distribution is more serious. The liquid random distribution model based on experiments can predict maldistribution at different scales in structured packings.
2024 Vol. 41 (3): 106-115 [Abstract] ( 181 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 5546KB] ( 463 )
116 Study on sagging control performance of different biurea molecules
REN Kai, DONG Rui, WANG Zhongyue, ZHANG Bao, SONG Jian
The biurea sag control agent (SCA) is a kind of sag control agent used in the field of automobile varnish, which can prevent sagging of varnish. In order to explore the correlation between the sag control performance and the biurea molecular structures, three biurea molecules with different structures (CHA-HDI, BA-HDI, 4-MBA-HDI) were synthesized by reacting cyclohexylamine (CHA), benzylamine (BA), 4-methylbenzylamine (4-MBA) with 1,6-hexadiisocyanate (HDI) respectively. Their similarities and differences in self-assembly, micro morphology, rheological properties and sag control performance were studied by XRD, SEM, rheological test and baking test. The results show that CHA-HDI basically fails to resist sagging, BA-HDI and 4-MBA-HDI have excellent sag control performance, and the anti-sagging value of BA-HDI reaches 225 μm. The anti-sagging value of 4-MBA-HDI is over 275 μm for the varnish recipe employed in this experiment. This is related to the micro morphology of assembled biurea molecules. The smaller the particle size, the greater the length diameter ratio, the better the sag control performance.
2024 Vol. 41 (3): 116-123 [Abstract] ( 179 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 4427KB] ( 520 )
124 Research on the influence of agitator structural parameters on stirring characteristics based on fluid simulation
ZHOU Chupeng, QIAN Shanhua, REN Haidong, BIAN Da, NI Zifeng
Due to the characteristics of its own unique structure, conventional agitators can not meet the uniform stirring of highly viscous non-Newtonian fluids. In this study, a novel design of a combined agitator for non-Newtonian fluid agitation would be proposed, and the influencing factors of fluid agitation characteristics would be discussed. The given grease was used as the stirring medium, and the Laminar model was adopted to investigate the effects of three structural parameters (the number of blades, the height from the bottom and the blade inclination angle in the new stirrer) affected by the stirring power per unit volume, the mixing time and the effective stirring volume fraction during the stirring process by means of the Multiple Reference Frame (MRF) and the tracer concentration method. The results showed that the new combined agitator could be applied to the mixed stirring process of high-viscosity non-Newtonian fluids. Moreover, the structural parameters all affected the stirring power per unit volume, the mixing time, and the effective stirring volume fraction. Among them, the mixing time had the most significant effects. The successively decreased order of the influence of parameters on the mixing time was the number of blades, the inclination angle of the blades, and the height from the bottom. Compared with the initially setting parameters, the corresponding mixing time was shortened by 61.6% in the optimal parameters of the number of blades of 9, the height from the bottom of 50 mm, and the blade inclination angle of 45°. The results can provide better insight to develop the new agitators for similar material in the industrial field.
2024 Vol. 41 (3): 124-134 [Abstract] ( 185 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 6374KB] ( 485 )
135 Study on operation characteristics and fluid dynamics of internal loop air-lift reactor
LI Liang, JIN Xiaoxia, FU Chunming, ZHANG Chengkai, HAO Runqiu
Air-lift reactors are widely used in the field of chemical and environment engineering, and it is of vital significance to accurately predict air-liquid two phase circulation and mass transfer behavior. In this study, a gas-liquid two phase flow model of internal loop air-lift reactor under steady state was proposed to calculate a series of fluid dynamic parameters, including circulation velocity vL, gas holdup εG, and ratio of gas circulation β. Circulation velocity v L and gas holdup εG was obtained via experiments in risers of 2 m and 6 m long and when the model parameter c0 was 0.65, the relative average error between model calculation and experimental results for vL and εG was less than 6.2%. The influence law of riser height on liquid circulation velocity and gas holdup was investigated. The results showed that with the increase of riser height, the circulating driving force increases, the circulating liquid velocity increased, and the average gas holdup decreased slightly. It was found that the ratio of gas holdup in the downcomer and riser related to operation parameters, such as reactor’s size an apparent gas velocity, and varied between 0.72 and 0.80.
2024 Vol. 41 (3): 135-141 [Abstract] ( 175 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3581KB] ( 444 )
142 Quality prediction of batch process based on domain adaptation under few shot
FAN Zhenjie, LUO Na
In batch process modeling, only few samples are collected which is not enough to develop high accurate model. To solve this problem, a model based on domain adaptation under small sample was proposed. Spatial attention mechanism was introduced to the model first in order to enhance input variables with high correlation to quality index. After that, one-dimension convolutional layer and long and short term memory units was also borrowed to mine spatial and temporal characteristics of data, respectively. Secondly, the domain adaptation method was introduced into the modeling process to perform adaptive matching of features between the target domain data and the source domain data to reduce the impact of the difference in distribution of the two data sets on the prediction accuracy of the model. The method was validated on the slowly time-varying penicillin production process simulation data set and the phenolic resin industrial production process. Experimental results showed that the proposed model can effectively improve the accuracy of batch process quality prediction under few shot.
2024 Vol. 41 (3): 142-153 [Abstract] ( 225 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 5108KB] ( 449 )
154 Preparation and properties of lithium titanate composite electrode by one-step method
DONG Hao, WANG Ying, LU Chunchi, XU Sha, ZHANG Hengyun, CAO Juyong
Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been widely used in portable electronics, electric vehicles, etc. Optimizing battery anode is one of the important research directions to improve battery performance and reduce battery cost. The spinel-structured Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) anode material was prepared by sol-gel method. Lithium bromide (LiBr) and LTO were used to prepare the Br-modified LTO composite electrode by solution mixing method, and the modified LTO composite electrode was completed in one step during the electrode preparation process. The microscopic morphology and crystal structure of the modified LTO composite electrode were observed by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffractometer. Electrochemical tests were carried out on the modified LTO composite electrode using battery charge and discharge test instruments and electrochemical workstations. The experimental results show that the modified LTO composite electrode sample can reach a specific capacity of 208.7 mAh·g-1 at 0.1 C charge and discharge, which is 30.9% higher than that of the original LTO electrode sample.
2024 Vol. 41 (3): 154-160 [Abstract] ( 190 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 3562KB] ( 506 )
161 Preparation of LaFeO3 perovskite catalyst for the degradation of phenol
LIU Xinyao, ZHANG Xuanjiao, WANG Jiantao, ZHANG Caishun, HAN Jiao, ZHANG Lei, GAO Zhixian
LaFeO3 perovskite catalyst precursors were prepared by ball milling, sol-gel and co-precipitation. A series of LaFeO3 perovskite catalysts were obtained by changing the calcination temperature. The structure and properties of the catalyst were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, N2 physical adsorption/desorption, H2-TPR and XPS, and the catalytic performance of the catalyst for wet air oxidation of phenol was investigated. Preparation method of precursors has great influence on the catalytic performance. At the same time, the low temperature reduction ability and more oxygen vacancies of the catalyst have higher catalytic activity. The catalyst prepared by sol-gel method and calcinated at 800 ℃ has good catalytic activity. Under the conditions of reaction temperature at 200 ℃, air pressure at 5 MPa and initial phenol concentration at 4 000 mg·L-1, the final COD removal rate (240 min) is 95.4%.
2024 Vol. 41 (3): 161-169 [Abstract] ( 187 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2838KB] ( 441 )
170 Efficiently activate peroxymonosulfate by MOFs loaded cobalt ferrite for tetracycline degradation
WANG Xiang, YANG Na, SUN Yongli, JIANG Bin, XIAO Xiaoming, ZHANG Longfei, ZHANG Lühong
The magnetic function catalyst CoFe2O4/UiO-66-NH2 (CF/U6N) of cobalt ferrite and MOFS material coupling is successfully prepared through the simple hydrothermal to activate peroxymonosulfate on tetracycline (TC) degradation. Due to the improved dispersion of the CoFe2O4 active component of and the enhanced interaction with the U6N, CF/U6N showed attractive catalytic activity and stability, and could effectively degrade pollutants with high degradation difficulty such as tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) within 30 min with a degradation efficiency of 93.2%. The removal efficiency of TC remained above 80% after 5 consecutive cycles. Meanwhile, the CF/U6N functional catalyst could maintain favorable degradation activity of TC in a wide pH range (3.0~9.0) and also exhibited high catalytic activity for TC degradation under the condition of inorganic anion coexistence. Quenching tests and electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum show that the degradation process of TC involves both free radical and non-free radical pathways, and both sulfate radicals and singlet oxygen play an important role in TC degradation processes.
2024 Vol. 41 (3): 170-178 [Abstract] ( 175 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 5408KB] ( 443 )
179 Preparation of lithium phosphate from waste liquid of retired lithium batteries
YAO Xiaoyan, WANG Yuxuan, XU Mengna, SUN Shuying
Consindering the large amount of discarded lithium batteries and the high content of lithium, lithium resources from the waste liquid of retired lithium batteries were studied. According to the characteristics of high sodium content and high alkali content in the solution, lithium was recovered by sodium phosphate precipitation method. The effects of various process parameters on the recovery yield, purity and particle size of lithium phosphate were systematically studied. The optimized process conditions were as follows: reaction temperature was 102 ℃, dosage of sodium phosphate was 1.1 of the theoretical amount, concentration of sodium phosphate was 350 g·L-1, feeding rate was 5 mL·min-1, stirring rate was 500 r·min-1, the cold water washing is 1 L. Under the optimized conditions, the precipitation yield of lithium phosphate was 92.63%, the purity of lithium phosphate was 98.81%. The products meet the industry standard of lithium phosphate for color phosphor. This process can be widely used in various high-sodium lithium-containing solutions, especially in the recovery of lithium resources from solutions with low lithium concentration, which not only solves the problem of waste liquid discharge of retired lithium batteries, but also provides a new way for lithium resource extraction.
2024 Vol. 41 (3): 179-190 [Abstract] ( 185 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 5852KB] ( 488 )
191 Degradation of ship grey water by combination of pre-ozonation and enhanced biofilm
LIAO Hongguo, CUI Zhengwei, YANG Jiandong
In order to degrade the ship grey water efficiently and economically, the pre-ozonation and moving bed biofilm reactor was combined to degrade it in depth. The effects of temperature, pH and ozone dose on the ozonation of ship grey water were investigated with sufficient silicon aluminum supported catalyst and in absence of it, respectively. Effects of different temperature, pH and hydraulic retention time on degradation of pre-ozonated effluent were subsequently studied in moving bed biofilm reactor. The results showed that the removal rate of COD, NH+4-N and oil for the simulated ship grey water reached 68.09%, 35.53% and 70.93%, respectively with sufficient silicon aluminum supported catalyst in stage of pre-ozonation, and in this process, the temperature of 30 ℃, pH of 9.5, ozone penetration time of 9 minutes were employed while the volume of grey water was 3 L, the oxygen flow rate in oxygen generator was 1 L·min-1 and concentration of oxygen was 94%. In the stage of moving bed biofilm reactor degradation, the removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen and oil reached 84.8%, 76.1% and 82.1%, respectively in condition of hydraulic retention time of 9 h, temperature of 30 ℃ and pH of 9. Consequently, ozonation combined moving bed biofilm had observably effects on simulated ship grey water degradation, which provides a reference for true treatment of ship grey water.
2024 Vol. 41 (3): 191-198 [Abstract] ( 166 ) [HTML 1KB] [ PDF 2778KB] ( 445 )
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