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Current Issue
2023 Vol.40 Issue.3,
Published 2023-05-15
0
2023 Vol. 40 (3): 0-0 [
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272
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794KB] (
780
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1
Editorial: Membrane science and technology
WU Hong
2023 Vol. 40 (3): 1-1 [
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287
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550KB] (
841
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2
Progress in research on high-flux and antifouling membranes for oil-water separation
YAO Zengguang, YANG Chao, WU Hong, JIANG Zhongyi
Membrane separation is one of the effective technologies for the advanced treatment of oily wastewater, which is of great significance for environmental protection, the increase of resource utilization efficiency, and the achievement of the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. Designing and fabricating high-performance membranes with high separation efficiency and operational stability is spot research in the development of oil-water separation membranes. Here, we reviewed the research progress in improving the permeability and antifouling performances of oil-water separation membranes in recent years. The mechanism of the enhancement of membrane performances was discussed in detail, and the strategies are summarized from the perspectives of the mass transfer mechanism and the antifouling mechanism, respectively. Finally, the key issues in the development of high-performance membranes for oil-water separation were highlighted, and the significant research directions for oil-water separation membranes in the future were proposed.
Guide:
2023 Vol. 40 (3): 2-12 [
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391
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3288KB] (
1317
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13
Preparation and performance of hydroxylated PPESK composite membrane
ZOU Yuyang, LI Zhansheng, ZHAO Siyu, ZHANG Shouhai, JIAN Xigao
Poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) (PPESK) substrate membrane was hydroxylated with NaBH
4
. The composite membrane was prepared via the traditional interfacial polymerization of m-phenylenediamine (MPD) and trimethylene chloride (TMC). FT-IR, water contact angle goniometer, SEM and XPS were applied to characterize the surface morphology and elements distribution of the membranes. The hydrophilicity of PPESK-OH substrate membrane was enhanced by the presence of hydroxyl group reduced from carbonyl group. The cross-linking degree in polyamide (PA) layer of PPESK-OH composite was greater than that of PPESK composite membrane. For 2 000 mg·L
-1
Na
2
SO
4
aqueous solution, the salt rejection of the PPESK-OH composite was almost the same as that of the PPESK composite membrane, the flux of the former was increased by 38%.
Guide:
2023 Vol. 40 (3): 13-19 [
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242
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6084KB] (
663
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20
Preparation and performance of reverse osmosis membrane with amino-functionalized graphene oxide quantum dots interlayer
LIU Shaoxiao, TAN Xiaoqian, SU Baowei
In order to improve the separation performance of RO membranes, as well as overcome the poor dispersibility and stability of nanomaterials in RO membranes, in this work, the amino-functionalized graphene oxide quantum dots (af-GQDs) interlayer were constructed on the surface of polysulfone (PSf)/polyimide (PI) ultrafiltration membrane prepared via the phase inversion method. The af-GQDs interlayer was firmly bonded to the support membrane via the covalent bonding between amine groups of the af-GQDs and the PI contained in the support membrane. Meanwhile, the covalent bonding effectively improved the dispersion of af-GQDs on the surface of support membrane. Subsequently, a polyamide separation layer was constructed on the af-GQDs interlayer via the interfacial polymerization reaction between
m
-phenylenediamine (MPD) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC). In the process of interfacial polymerization, the af-GQDs interlayer could regulate the diffusion rate of aqueous phase monomer MPD into the interfacial polymerization reaction zone through hydrogen bonding, which could improve the separation performance of reverse osmosis (RO) membrane. The performance test results show that the best RO membrane (iTFC-10-0 RO) prepared under the optimal conditions have excellent water permeance of 20.9 L·m
-2
·h
-1
·MPa
-1
and NaCl rejection of 98.9% for 2 000 mg·L
-1
NaCl solution at 1.0 MPa. In addition, the iTFC-10-0 RO membrane possessed excellent anti-fouling performance and long-time filtration stability performance.
Guide:
2023 Vol. 40 (3): 20-31 [
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357
) [
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5145KB] (
988
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32
Study on preparation and properties of green low-cost cation exchange membrane
ZHAO Jinli, WANG Jianyou, ZHANG Yuzhong
Matrix materials of traditional homogeneous cation exchange membrane (CEM) are side-chain sulfonated polymers. The preparation process of this kind of polymer is complex and the preparation reagent is highly toxic, which highlights the short board of preparing CEM from this kind of material. In this work, polyether sulfone (PES) was used as the skeleton matrix material of CEM, polymer sulfonated polyether sulfone (SPES) and sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) were used as the matrix functional materials, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as the hydrophilic regulator to prepare homogeneous CEM. The prepared CEM was applied to the desalination of brackish water to investigate its practicability. The research results show that SDS and SPES are stable in the prepared CEM. The surface and cross section structure of the prepared CEMS are regular and free of defects, and the compatibility of the matrix materials is good. CEM is used for the desalination of brackish water by electrodialysis (ED). The design initial salt concentration is 5 000 mg·L
-1
. When the desalination rate reaches 90%, the energy consumption of the prepared CEM, domestic Tingrun commercial CEM, and commercial Astom CEM are 10.1, 11.7, and 9.2 kWh·m
-3
, respectively. The current efficiency are 92.3%, 92.7% and 95.5%, respectively. The combination of SPES and SDS as the matrix functional material has more advantages than SPES or SDS alone as the matrix material. SPES and SDS can jointly control and optimize the mass transfer performance of CEM.
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2023 Vol. 40 (3): 32-40 [
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314
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5692KB] (
931
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41
Study on treatment of rubber accelerator wastewater by electrodialysis
CHI Lulu, ZHAO Han, WANG Keqiang, CAO Chuanpeng, XIE Lixin
The electrodialysis technology was adopted to treat the rubber accelerator wastewater, and the separation of salt and organic compound was studied. The effects of volume ratio of dilute cell and concentrate cell inlet conductivity of dilute cell, voltage, flow and temperature on electrodialysis separation effect and operation performance were explored. The experimental results show that the mass transfer rate can be improved by increasing the inlet conductivity of dilute cell, voltage, flow and temperature, and the influence of voltage and temperature on the mass transfer rate is more obvious. Increasing the inlet conductivity of dilute cell, flow and temperature, and reducing the voltage can improve the current efficiency and reduce the energy consumption. Under the experimental conditions, the conductivity of the wastewater in the dilute cell is reduced to less than 10 mS·cm
-1
, and the COD content is 4 940 mg·L
-1
. It effectively realizes the separation of salt and organic compound and meets the requirements of biochemical treatment, which provides a new idea for the treatment of rubber accelerator wastewater.
Guide:
2023 Vol. 40 (3): 41-47 [
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231
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2800KB] (
605
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48
Effect of carboxylation modification on pore structure and properties of PAN thermal crosslinking membrane
CHEN Fang, WANG Lei, LI Lin, ZHANG Xiaolu, RONG Yuefei, SUN Haojing, ZHANG Yongyue, WANG Tonghua
As a thermoplastic material, polyacrylonitrile asymmetric membrane will undergo thermal melting in the process of thermal cross-linking, resulting in pore melting. In this paper, polyacrylonitrile-based asymmetric (PAN) membranes were prepared by non-solvent phase transformation (NIPS) method. Carboxylated PAN-based thermally crosslinked (H-TPAN) membranes with rich sponge and finger pores were prepared by NaOH alkaline hydrolysis process. The effects of NaOH concentration on the structure and properties of PAN and post-treated membranes were studied. The results show that the modification of PAN membrane by carboxylation can promote cyclization and oxidation of cyanide groups in the thermal crosslinking stage, improve the cross-linking degree of H-TPAN membrane, avoid the thermal fusion of membrane pores at high temperature, and maintain the flux of PAN thermal crosslinking membrane. The best carboxylation conditions of PAN membrane in the process of thermal crosslinking are as follows: NaOH concentration 0.4 mol·L
-1
, carboxylation time 1 h, carboxylation temperature 60 ℃. At the same time, the carboxylated modified membrane showed excellent thermal stability and good solubility resistance.
Guide:
2023 Vol. 40 (3): 48-54 [
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279
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3272KB] (
734
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55
Preparation of polyaniline nanotubes modified polyamide nanofiltration membrane
WANG Chongbin, ZHANG Wenshuang
In view of the trade-off effect between permeability and selectivity of nanofiltration membrane, the polyaniline nanotubes modified polyamide nanofiltration membrane with enhanced water flux was prepared via interfacial polymerization on a polyether sulfone (PES) substrate. The tube structure of polyaniline could provide more channels for water pass through. The reaction between polyaniline nanotubes and trimesoyl chloride could form strong covalent bonds which was beneficial for the interface compatibility of filler materials with polymer matrix. The results indicated that the membrane prepared with a nanotubes loading of 1.5 g·m
-2
exhibited an increased water flux form 12.5 L·m
-2
·h
-1
·bar
-1
to 21 L·m
-2
·h
-1
·bar
-1
compared to the polyamide membrane while the rejection to Na
2
SO
4
was up to 94.3%.
Guide:
2023 Vol. 40 (3): 55-62 [
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282
) [
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5065KB] (
968
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63
Analysis of dissolved organic compounds in steel wastewater and fouling behavior of reverse osmosis membrane
CUI Yangli, SUN Huifang, HE Zhanchao, ZHENG Lijun, HU Xin, LI Jianfeng, XU Zhaozan
Various dissolved organic matters (DOM) in the feed water of reverse osmosis system leads to serious membrane fouling in the advanced treatment of steel wastewater. They were separated into four types of water samples using macroporous adsorption resin, which contained hydrophobic bases (HOB), hydrophobic acids (HOA), hydrophobic neutrals (HON) and hydrophilic substances (HIS), respectively. DOM composition of each water sample and membrane fouling behavior were investigated. The content of HIS is the highest, and content of HON is the lowest. The hydrophobic DOM contain more aromatic rings or conjugated structures than HIS. The aromatization degree of HOA is higher than that of HOB and HON. HON is prone to be adsorbed on the membrane surface due to their hydrophobic interaction, leading to membrane fouling. HON led to the highest flux decline and lowest flux recovery rate after hydrocleaning of the fouled membrane. HIS led to second-highest flux decline after HON, because its highest content and hydrogen-bond interaction with membrane surface promote membrane fouling, while the hydraulic shear force on membrane surface helps to reduce the thickness and resistance of fouling layer. Therefore, HON and HIS played a dominant role in membrane fouling caused by DOM. The effective removal of HON and HIS could be intensified by optimizing the pre-treatment of feed water of reverse osmosis system, which could cut down the membrane fouling.
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2023 Vol. 40 (3): 63-73 [
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262
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759
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74
Research progress of mixed matrix membranes for CO
2
separation
YU Jiangnan, LI Kang, CHEN Fei, WANG Jun, LI Xueqin
CO
2
separation membrane technology is an important strategy to effectively reduce greenhouse gas emissions and energy gas purification. The design of novel mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) is an effective way to improve their permeability and selectivity. MMMs show an excellent CO
2
separation performance in a variety of membrane materials, and they have potential prospects to overcome trade-off effect, and they have been widely attention by researchers. The filler plays an important role in MMMs for improving separation performance. This paper first introduces the transport mechanism of CO
2
in MMMs, and it starts with the traditional fillers and the new fillers. Furthermore, it summarizes the functions of different fillers in MMMs in the membrane matrix and the research progress of their impact on CO
2
separation performance in recent years. Finally, the future development of MMMs for CO
2
separation is prospected.
Guide:
2023 Vol. 40 (3): 74-83 [
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356
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1065KB] (
1535
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84
Preparation and CO
2
separation performance of MOFs/PEI mixed matrix membranes
MA Yingnan, HE Xingyan, TANG Shaohua, LIU Na, ZENG Lelin
The separation and capture of carbon dioxide is of great importance for sustainable development. Polyether imide (PEI) has the advantages of excellent solvent resistance, high temperature resistance and high selectivity, but the low permeability limits its further development. In this study, two kinds of three-dimensional MOFs particles [UIO-66 and MIL-101(Cr)] and two kinds of two-dimensional MOFs nanosheets [CuBDC and Zn
2
(bim)
4
] were introduced to prepare four kinds of MOFs/PEI mixed matrix membrane (MMMs). The physical and chemical properties of MMMs were studied, and the CO
2
separation performance was further compared. The results showed that the introduction of MOFs greatly improved the CO
2
diffusion coefficient and separation performance of PEI films, and improved the anti-CO
2
plasticization performance. Meanwhile, compared with three-dimensional MOFs particles, two-dimensional CuBDC nanosheets show better compatibility with PEI. When the filler content is 20%, the CO
2
permeability of MMMs is 3.5 times higher than that of pure PEI films, and the CO
2
/CH
4
selectivity is 2.2 times higher than that of pure PEI films. It is an effective strategy to prepare MMMs with two-dimensional MOFs nanosheets fillers for CO
2
separation.
Guide:
2023 Vol. 40 (3): 84-95 [
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343
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6692KB] (
947
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96
Dehumidification of simulated fluorine-containing water vapor by membrane method
OU Jian, LI Tianxiang, LIU Songlin, SUI Yanfeng, SHI Lianjun, ZHU Jing
At present, the production of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride (AHF) from fluosilicic acid (15%) in phosphate fertilizer plants consumes a lot of concentrated sulfuric acid and other problems. Therefore, in this paper, a certain concentration of simulated fluorine-containing water vapor was obtained by heating and decomposition of a certain concentration of fluorosilicic acid solution, and a polysulfone hollow fiber membrane module was used to study the dehumidification, then a high concentration of fluorine-containing gas could be sent into the AHF production device. The study found that when the membrane pressure difference is 0.022 MPa, the fluorine content of the raw gas is 4.47%, and the separation time is 0.47 h, the permeation ratio of water vapor, HF and SiF
4
was 92.31%, 24% and 13.62%, respectively, and the separation coefficients of
α
H
2
O/HF
,
α
H
2
O/SiF
4
, and
α
HF/SiF
4
were 3.85, 6.78 and 1.76, respectively. The results show that the polysulfone hollow fiber membrane can dehumidify and concentrate fluorine-containing water vapor to a certain extent, and the membrane has relatively stable separation performance for SiF
4
. Water vapor has the highest permeation ratio, while SiF
4
has the lowest. And the polysulfone membrane has a relatively stable separation performance for SiF
4
, the separation effect of non-polar gas (SiF
4
) is good.
Guide:
2023 Vol. 40 (3): 96-103 [
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301
) [
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3071KB] (
543
)
104
Silk fibroin composite membrane material and its applications
JI Furong, WU Yanhui
The preparation methods, properties of silk fibroin composite membranes prepared with silk fibroin and natural macromolecules, carbon nano materials, synthetic polymers, nano metals or metal oxides are introduced. The applications of silk fibroin composite membrane in the field of biomedicine, optoelectronics, and chemical separation are summarized and analyzed. Then, the future research direction is proposed. Silk fibroin composite membrane materials have great potential in the field of optoelectronics, and will develop well in chemical separation, besides its application in the traditional biomedicine field.
Guide:
2023 Vol. 40 (3): 104-116 [
Abstract
] (
320
) [
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1KB] [
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5846KB] (
1347
)
117
Progress in research on fabrication and application of biomass-based nanofiltration membranes
SONG Zifan, LUO Shan, CHEN Ran, ZHAO Rui, HUANG Biao, YOU Xinda
Nanofiltration technology holds great promise in molecular and ionic separations, whose core membrane materials mainly rely on oil resources. As the propose of "Dual Carbon Target", developing non-petroleum-based nanofiltration membrane materials is becoming extremely urgent. Biomass is a renewable resource derived from animals and plants, which features a natural advantage of zero carbon emission. Starting from biomass-based nanofiltration membrane materials, focusing on polymer and small molecule, recent advances in preparation and application of biomass-based nanofiltration membranes are reviewed. Besides, the future trends of biomass-based nanofiltration membranes are prospected to provide new ideas for the sustainable development of high-performance nanofiltration membranes.
Guide:
2023 Vol. 40 (3): 117-129 [
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] (
352
) [
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3540KB] (
1100
)
130
Preparation and adsorption properties of PVC-MnO
2
ion sieve membrane
ZHAO Haixiang, ZHAO Ying, SUN Shuying
Manganese lithium ionic sieve is one of the best lithium adsorption materials because of such advantages as high selectivity of Li
+
, large adsorption capacity and low cost. However, the sieve is superfine powder, so it is hard to adsorb continuously and realize industrialization. Aiming at this problem, different film forming conditions were studied to prepare composite membrane with lithium ionic sieve, and the structure and adsorption properties of different membrane material were also compared. Polyvinyl chloride(PVC) was used as film forming materials, N, N-dimethylacetamide(DMAC) was used as solvent. Composite membrane with lithium ion sieves was made in the method of phase inversion and was used to study the membrane condition, material blending ratio and concentration of casting solution, Li
4
Mn
5
O
12
content, film thickness and pore forming agent content on the membrane structure and the adsorption performance influence. Good conditions of PVC membrane was determined: PVC concentration of 19.05%, Li
4
Mn
5
O
12
content of 63.83%,PEG content of 2.32%. Good cycle stability and mechanical strength were presented by several adsorption-desorption experiments and mechanical properties.
Guide:
2023 Vol. 40 (3): 130-140 [
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289
) [
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5488KB] (
545
)
141
Novel gel-filled composite membrane for alkaline water electrolysis
QIN Xingxing, MIN Luofu, ZHANG Wen, XU Wei, WANG Yuxin
A porous filling strategy was adopted, with porous polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) non-woven fabric as the base membrane, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel as the filler, a gel-filled composite membrane, was prepared. Through a facile blade coating method combined with chemical cross-linking, a PVA-filled PPS cross-linked composite membrane (PPS-PVA) was prepared, which has high ionic conductivity, gas barrier properties, chemical stability and mechanical stability. Compared with Zirfon UTP-500 membrane, PPS-PVA composite membrane has lower area resistance (150 mΩ·cm
2
) and lower hydrogen permeability (3.5×10
-8
mol·(cm
-2
·s
-1
·kPa
-1
)) at 80 ℃. The alkaline stability test was carried out in 30% KOH solution. After 500 h, the mass of the PVA in composite membrane could be maintained at about 88% of the initial value, and the membrane has good mechanical strength. Single cell alkaline water electrolysis with a PPS-PVA composite membrane at a current density of 500 mA·cm
-2
requires a voltage of 1.91 V, which is lower than 1.96 V required for Zirfon UTP-500 membrane.
Guide:
2023 Vol. 40 (3): 141-150 [
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311
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3929KB] (
1314
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