A series of zirconia-supported LaCo_0.7Cu_0.3O₃ catalysts with different LaCo_0.7Cu_0.3O₃ content were prepared by impregnating ZrO₂ with lanthanum, cobalt and copper nitrate and citrate acid, and the prepared samples were characterized by XRD, TEM and H₂-TPR techniques. The synthesis of alcohol from syngas was performed in a stainless-steel continuous fixed-bed flow micro-reactor. After reduction, the catalyst precursor favored to form nanoparticles of Co-Cu alloy highly dispersed on ZrO₂ and modified with La₂O₃. The metal nanoparticles of Cu-Co alloy together with ZrO₂ modified with La₂O₃ contributed to the excellent selectivity of alcohols and higher alcohols.

Two novel perylene diimides derivatives, N-(1-hexylheptyl)-N'-phenyl-perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxydiimide and N-(1-hexylheptyl)-N'-phenyl-1,7-di(p-tert-butylphenoxy)-perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxydiimide, were synthesized from 3,4:9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride. The structures were characterized by ¹H NMR and MS. The spectra properties were investigated through UV-Vis and fluorescence spectrum, the results showed that the introduction of electron-donating group at the bay area of perylene structure caused obvious bathochromic shift of maximal absorption and a big Stokes shift of 29 nm.

In this paper the effects of alkaline treatment on texture, acid properties and catalytic cracking performance of ZSM-11 zeolites have been studied. Hierarchical ZSM-11 zeolites were prepared by alkali treatment with the different concentration of NaOH solutions. The resulting zeolites were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, NH₃-TPD, N₂-adsorpotion/desorpotion and their catalytic performances were evaluated by using catalytic cracking of n-dodecane at 4 MPa and 550 ℃. It is found that alkali treatment on ZSM-11 induced the formation of mesopores in crystals, and increased in the specific surface area and the amount of acid, resulting in the improvement of the conversion of n-dodecane catalytic cracking. The HZSM-11 catalyst obtained by alkaline treatment with 1.0 mol/L NaOH solution exhibited the highest catalytic activity with the enhancement of ca. 58% in the average conversion compared to the untreated HZSM-11zeolite.

Iron-Tungsten mixed oxide catalyst was prepared by the co-precipitation method and used for the selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH₃.The effects of molar ratios of Fe/W, space velocity, SO₂ and H₂O on the NO conversion were investigated. The characterization means of SEM, XRD, BET and NH₃-TPD were also applied to analyze the physicochemical properties of the catalyst. Among all the iron-tungsten mixed oxides, the catalyst with the Fe/W molar ratio of 4:1 exhibited the best catalytic activity with above 90% NO conversion in the temperature range from 300 ℃ to 400 ℃ under the space velocity of 75 000 h^-1. The Fe₄WO_x catalyst also showed high tolerance to SO₂ and H₂O in the test condition. The characterization result showed that the strong interaction between Fe and W, the large specific surface, and the strong acidity were the main reasons for the iron-tungsten mixed oxide catalyst to acquire the high catalytic activity.

Polystyrene particles prepared by suspension polymerization are widely used, however, the size distribution of polystyrene particles synthesized by traditional suspension polymerization is not narrow enough and the yield of the desired particles is low. In order to solve these problems, suspension polymerization without surfactant was used to prepare polystyrene particles. The dispersion system of ammonia persulfate/tricalcium phosphate (APS/TCP) was used as stabilizing agents in the preparation of polystyrene particles with suspension polymerization. The effects of dispersion system of APS/TCP on stability of suspension polymerization and the size distribution of polystyrene particles were discussed. In additional, the dispersion mechanism of APS/TCP system was analyzed. The results show that when the quantity of APS is 0.01% and that of TCP is 1.00% of the total monomer weight, suspension polymerization is stable, polystyrene particles are with good transparency, and the monodispersed polystyrene particles with average diameter of 1.35 mm can be obtained. The particle size and its distribution can be controlled by changing the amount of ammonium persulfate and tricalcium phophate.

The Li-rich layered Li[Li_0.2Ni_0.2Mn_0.6]O₂ was prepared by co-precipitation and solid state reaction method, then coated with ZrO₂ (Zr(OC₃H₇)₄ as coating source). The X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques, and galvanostatic charge-discharge tests were used to investigate the effect of ZrO₂ coating on the crystal structures, morphology and electrochemical performance of Li-rich material Li[Li_0.2Ni_0.2Mn_0.6]O₂. The results showed that ZrO₂ particles was homogeneously covered on the surface of Li[Li_0.2Ni_0.2Mn_0.6]O₂, and the electrochemical performance was improved after ZrO₂ coating, the 0.5% ZrO₂ coated sample exhibited superior cycle performance and rate capability among the samples,The 0.5% ZrO₂-coated Li[Li_0.2Ni_0.2Mn_0.6]O₂ sample delivered initial discharge capacity of 250.8 mAh·g^-1 at 20 mA·g^-1 (0.1 C) in the range of 2.0 to 4.8 V, the discharge capacity maintained 201.6 mAh·g^-1 after 45 cycles at 0.2 C,and the discharge capacity at 2.0 C rate attained 123.2 mAh·g^-1.

Ethyl lactate has solvent properties of non-toxic, good solubility, less volatile and fruity smell, which is of great value and application prospect of "green solvents". Due to the characteristics of ethyl lactate, domestic and foreign scholars gradually focused on the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly method for preparation. Continuous fluidized catalytic distillation is a continuous, a highly efficient and environmentally friendly production method, in which the esterification of lactic acid and ethanol by super-acid cation exchange resin powder as a catalyst with the reaction flow. This paper aims to study synthesis of ethyl lactate by continuous fluidized catalytic and the comparison of continuous fluidized catalytic distillation and batch distillation to highlight former advantage. The results provide a reliable theoretical basis for continuous fluidized catalytic distillation to produce ethyl lactate, which plays a propulsive role in the food industry that has high purity requirements.

A transparent multi-tube vapor-liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed evaporator was built to research the thermal efficiency under different conditions. The effects of circulating flow rate, heat flux, the amount of additive particles and properties of particles on the thermal efficiency in the evaporator were investigated. The results show that as the circulating flow rate, additive particle amount and heat flux increase, the thermal efficiency increases; and thermal efficiency increases significantly with the increment of heat flux, which indicates that heat utilization is better at high heat flux. While the density and thermal conductivity of particle increase, the thermal efficiency also increases. A circulating pump was used as forced-circulation equipment, and the power consumption of pump increases modestly with the increment of additive particle amount.

The paper briefly introduces the dearsenifying process of yellow phosphorus and the basic structure, working principle, advantages and application of cyclone separator used in P-H₂O₂ treatment, emphasizes on the internal flow field in the phase separator. However, the experimental method can not fully reveal the nature of the flow field. In this paper, a CFD modeling methodology is established to simulate the phase separator, making use of the Gambit software to complete the geometric modeling,hybrid grid division and boundary condition assignment. Through selecting the Reynolds stress model (RSM) of Fluent application, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis is performed on the centrifugal cyclone, and inner flow field,velocity field,pressure field and the volume fraction changing tendency of yellow phosphorus in the equipment can be obtained. A comparison between the simulated separating efficiency and tested result was carried on. The results can provide a reliable basis for the industrial scale-up design of the P-H₂O₂ separator.

In this paper, two-phase azeotropic distillation and VLL three-phase azeotropic distillation process in ethanol dehydration tower were studied. Distillation curves, entrainer concentration distribution, reflux flow and energy consumption of ethanol dehydration tower in four conditions were analyzed and compared by Aspen plus simulation software. The results reveal that distillation curves, entrainer concentration distribution, reflux flow and energy consumption are about the same for two-phase and VLL three-phase azeotropic dehydration column when benzene is selected as the entrainer, meanwhile, the distillation curves stride over the distillation boundary, and the entrainer concentration on most trays remains high. However when cyclohexane is selected as the entrainer, distillation curves, entrainer concentration distribution, reflux flow and energy consumption are quite different in VLL three-phase azeotropic distillation from those in two-phase azeotropic distillation cases in the dehydration column. In the case of VLL three-phase azeotropic distillation, cyclohexane has a relatively high concentration on most trays and plays a good role as a dehydrating agent; but in the two-phase azeotropic dehydration column,entrainer only exists on a few trays at the top of the tower, and does not contribute to azeotropic distillation process on most trays.

A 2D diagnostic PEMFC distributed parameter model was set up using COMSOL+Multiphysics 3.5 platform. On this basis, three typical faults including cathode gas starvation, membrane dehydration and flooding were embedded into the diagnostic model. According to compare the flow field variation of the relevant parameters before and after the failure,the feasibility of faults embedding was verified. Finally, by using the stack voltage signals and wavelet analysis method, three typical faults have been identified and classified. The aim of faults diagnosis has been achieved preliminarily, and the feasibility of using a fault embedded model to develop a diagnostic method is established.

The sulfur particles and mixed sulfur-iron particles packed reactors were developed to simultaneously remove nitrate and phosphorus of the secondary effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plants. To overcome the problem of blockage, the sulfur particles packed reactor was developed as the deaerator, the sulfur and iron particles filling modes were optimized, and back wash was adapted. Low effluent dissolved oxygen (DO) (<0.4 mg/L) were obtained with different flow rates and 90% dissolved oxygen was removed. When the flow rates changed from 0.4 to 1.2 mg/h, the phosphorus in effluents were lower than 0.2 mg/L. The nitrate removal rates [~1 000 mg NO₃^--N/(L·d)] were achieved with the two filling modes. The blockage happened (the hydraulic loss ~53 kPa) in the completely mixing packed sulfur-iron particles packed reactor after continuous operation 50 d. After operating 100 d, there was not blockage in the separating mixing packed sulfur-iron particles reactor. Regularly backwashing also helps to solve the blockage.

Using the metal chlorides (copper chloride, zinc chloride and tin chloride) as metal source, selenium dioxide for the precursor and ethylene glycol for solvent, the CZTSe nanocrystals with hexagonal flake was prepared by solvothermal synthesis under the conditions of various surfactants (PVP, polyethylene glycol monooleyl, ether, Macrogol 1000, and Polysorbate 80) and different processes (preparation time and the temperature). And the phase, performance and morphology of CZTSe nano-particles were characterized by XRD, UV, and SEM methods. The experimental results showed that, by means of adding surface activator PVP at 200 ℃ for 30 h, the hexagonal-flake CZTSe nano-crystalline with forbidden bandwidth of 1.5 eV could be obtained, displaying uniform distribution, of which is close to the optimum forbidden bandwidth of solar cells. It is expected to be applied and promoted in a new generation of solar cell.

Xylose is the second most abundant sugar and the most prevalent pentose sugar found in lignocelluloses. To improve xylose utilization, significant efforts have focused on the metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this study, efficient xylose-utilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain PE, was constructed by deletion of PHO13 gene encoding para-nitrophenyl phosphatase and subjected to EMS mutagenesis followed by evolution engineering in an industrial recombinant strain, KAM-6X, which over expressed the genes encoding xylose reductase, xylitol dehydrogenase and xylulokinase. Under aerobic condition, the specific growth rate of PE was 0.299 h^-1 and 0.282 h^-1 in YPX containing 50 g/L and 100 g/L xylose, which improved about 95.43% and 102.87%, respectively. And PE strain can consume 36.12 g/L xylose in 24 h and 70.25 g/L xylose in 48 h. Under oxygen-limited condition, ethanol yield reached 0.382 g/g with less glycerol production and high acetate level. It proves that PE is an efficient xlose-fermenting industrial yeast strain.