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Current Issue
2006 Vol.23 Issue.2,
Published 2006-03-15
Article
Article
95
Impact of Ratio of Anode/Cathode Active Materials on Internal Pressure of MH-Ni Batteries
HU Wei,SHAN Zhong-qiang,TIAN Jian-hua
In this paper,internal pressure detector is used to measure the internal pressure of the metal hydride-nickel battery(MH-Ni) battery with the different ratio of anode/cathode materials.The impacts of the ratio of anode/cathode materials on the internal pressure are analyzed,and the capability of the battery is evaluated by testing the changes of the internal pressure.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 95-97 [
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98
Synthesis of β-DDB Derivatives
ZHAO Lian-juan,WANG Lei,CHANG Jun-biao
Seven new β-DDB derivatives were prepared from gallic acid in 9 steps such as Ullmann coupling reaction,alkylation,benzoylation etc.The structures of these compounds were identified by(()~1HNMR.) This is a new route to the synthesis of β-DDB.A series of β-DDB derivatives with different water-solubility and fat-solubility can be synthesized by reacting with the intermediate for the purpose of finding new antihepatotoxic and anticancer drugs.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 98-101 [
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102
Effects of New Coupling Agent and New Binding Agent on Copper-Epoxy Resin Conductive Paint
LU Yan-ling,SHI Dong-mei,DU Shi-guo
A new coupling agent and a new binding agent were used in developing copper-epoxy resin conductive paint.The results showed that the conductive properties was the best as the coupling agent,binding agent was 2%—3%,20%—40%,respectively.And the effect of the binding agent was not only binding but also some cooperation with copper powder.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 102-105 [
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106
Crystal Phase Transfer and Photocatalytic Activity of P-25 TiO_2
LIU Jian-jun,HE Dai-ping,CAI Duo-chang,LIN Fa-rong,YU Xiao-peng
A series of TiO_2 samples with different ratios of anatase and rutile phases were prepared by calcination.A systematic characterization of these samples was conducted by XRD,TEM,BET and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy.Photocatalytized phenol oxidation was used to discuss the effect of calcination temperature on the crystal phase structure of TiO_2 and to show the relationship between the crystal phase structure of TiO_2 and its photocatalytic activity.The results indicated that treatment transferred the crystal phase structure of TiO_2.Compared with raw P-25 TiO_2(anatase-to-rutile ratio of about 81 to 19),the P-25 TiO_2 sample calcined at 500 ℃,with anatase-to-rutile ratio of about 70 to 30,shows higher activity for phenol degradation.The photocatalytic activity of P-25 TiO_2 changes with the crystal phase structure of anatase and rutile crystallites.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 106-109 [
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110
Release Characteristics of Available Nutrients from Some Selected Chemical Fertilizers
ZHANG Yi-min,JIANG Hui,WANG Hong
Release characteristics of available nutrients from chemical fertilizers are important to judge release capabilities of fertilizers.At the same time,they are important to evaluate environmental pollution on using chemical fertilizers.In this paper,a comparative study of the release characteristics(N,P,K) of available nutrients from some selected compound fertilizers,such as(NH_4)_2HPO_3,CO(NH_2)_2,KCl,was performed using a method of the release of available nutrients at constant solution flow in self-device of release characteristics of available nutrients from chemical fertilizers.The obtained results indicated that in all cases,the available nutrient releases took place in four stages:in the first stage,the release characteristics of available nutrients are very fast;in the second and third stage,they are slow and persistent time is long;in the last stage,they are fast and persistent time is short,which were characterized by their slopes and durations.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 110-113 [
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114
Synthesis of n-Butyl Propionate Catalyzed by LaHSiW_(12)O_(40)
XU Zhao-hui~1,CHEN De-kai~1,LIAO Wei-lin~2,LIU De-yong~2,WANG Sheng~1
A new environmental Keggin catalyst,LaHPSiW_(12)O_(40),was prepared and characterized by FT-IR.Esterification of nbutyl alcohol with propionic acid catalyzed by the catalyst was chosen as probe reaction,effects of n-butyl alcohol/propionic acid mol ratio,catalyst amount,reaction time and catalyst reusability on catalytic activity were investigated.Experiment showed that the catalyst had high catalytic activity for synthesis of n-butyl propionate,its synthesis was convenient and had good reusability.Under optimized conditions,yield of n-butyl propionate can be over 80.0%.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 114-116 [
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117
Development and Study of a Novel Mixer
WEI Hong-yuan,GUI Jun-chuan
Due to the importance of mixing to crystallization and reaction processes,a novel mixing device/crystallizer has been developed using a membrane vibration element,which aims to overcome the disadvantages of traditional agitation mixing from studying new mixing technology.It can achieve lowest shear stress and the maximum uniformity for solid suspension without any internal agitator.After designing and fabricating the mixer,the flow pattern is studied by a direct visual technique and measured mixing times of fluids at different middle-high viscosity using a decolorized method.By changing the vibration frequencies we found the optimal operation conditions in terms of mixing time.At the same time,in order to simulate crystallization process behaviors of solid suspension in the mixer is also studied by putting various density particles.This novel mixer can be widely used in many processes with great commercial and market potential.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 117-120 [
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121
Circulation-Time of Particles in Spouted Fluid-Bed
KANG Shi-fang,ZHANG Zhi-guo,LI Guo-bing,XIAO Bin,LU Ling
In this thesis,the changes of the circulation-time according to different size particles of the broad size coarse carbamide particles were studied.Experiments were performed in a spouted fluid-bed,with a draft-tube,in different operational parameters.The results show that the different motion tracks of different size particles of broad size materials lead to the different average circulation-time.The motion tracks of large-size particles are shorter than that of little size ones,and accordingly the average circulation-time are shorter with less effects of aeration velocity.In addition,largesize particles grow faster in the granulation experiments of carbamide.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 121-125 [
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126
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a One-Dimensional Complex of Ag(bbte)BF_4
CHEN Wei~1,XIE Chuang~1,SONG Hai-bin~2,WANG Jing-kang~1
A one-dimensional silver(I) complex,Ag(bbte)BF_4,has been formed from AgBF_4 and 1,2-bis(n-butylsulfanyl)ethane(bbte,C_(10)H_(22)S_2).The complex was characterized by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy.The X-ray structure of Ag(bbte)BF_4 is a chain coordinative polymer involving trigonal [(μ_2-S)_2,S] ligation with one S-donor bridging two adjacent Ag(I) centers while the other S-donor of the bbte ligand is non-bridging.The crystal belongs to monoclinic crystal system and P2(1)/c space group.Crystallographic data:a=0.932(1) nm,b=0.799(1) nm,c=2.181(1) nm,β=97.671(9)°,V=(1.610 8)(14) nm~3,Z=4,(d_c=)1.654 Mg/m~3,μ=1.531 mm~(-1),F_((000))=808,R_1=(0.069 1),wR_2=(0.137 8).
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 126-129 [
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130
Synthesis of 3-Mercaptopropionic Acid from 3-Chloropropionic Acid
LIU Fu-de,WANG Mi,GAO Su-hua,HAN Bao-cheng
3-Mercaptopropionic acid has been synthesized from 3-chloropropionic acid and the factors which may affect the reaction have been investigated.It is shown that the pH of the reaction medium,the substitute reaction time,the time of acid cleavage and the amount of Zn affect the reaction obviously.When the pH of the reaction medium is 7,the substitute reaction time is 8 h,the time of acid cleavage is 2 h and the amount of Zn is 0.77 mol/mol(3-chloropropionic acid),the yield of 3-mercaptopropionic acid is 78% and the minimum purity is 99%(GC).With Fe as reducting agent the product yield is 80%.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 130-132 [
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133
Synthesis of Silicoaluminophosphate Molecular Sieve(SAPO-5)
ZHANG Chun-hong,ZHENG Jia-ming,YANG Chang-zhe,LIANG Wen-cai
The silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve(SAPO-5) with relative bigger pore diameter was synthesized hydrothermally and the optimum synthesis condition was determined through experiments.AlOOH was used as the aluminum source,orthophosphoric acid as the phosphor source,tetraethyl orthosilicate as silicon source and triethylamine as the template agent(R),a stainless steel autoclave with Teflon liner as the crystallizing kettle,crystallization temperature was 200 ℃,crystallization time was 24 h.The molar ratio of gel composition is SiO_2∶Al_2O_3∶P_2O_5∶R∶H_2O=(0.60～2.40)∶1.00∶1.00∶1.00∶1.00∶40.00.The catalytic activity of SAPO-5 sieve was studied in the alkylation of naphthalene with propylene.The results showed that under certain condition the percent conversion of naphthalene was 97.56%,the yield and selectivity of 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene(2,6-DIPN) was 40.06% and 41.06% respectively.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 133-137 [
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138
Preparation of TiO_2 Thin Films by Liquid Phase Deposition and Their Bactericidal Capability
HU Yan-tao,SUN Shu-qing,XI Zheng-ying,MENG Yan,DUAN Chun-yan
Transparent TiO_2 thin films were obtained on glass by a liquid phase deposition method(LPD).The crystalline structure,particle size,appearance shape and photo-catalytic activity were characterized by XRD and SEM.The bactericidal experiment of S.Aureus and E.Coli showed that TiO_2 thin films have excellent bactericidal activity without UV irradiation.The films are the best with heat treatment at 400 ℃ and its bactericidal percentage reaches 99% in 24 h.A preliminary discussion on the bactericidal mechanism is also put forward.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 138-141 [
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142
Reclaim Process of Acetic Acid in Waste Water of Furfural Production
ZHANG Xiao-hui,LIU Jia-qi,JIA Yan-lei,CHEN Ya-ping
Complexation extraction was used to treat the acetic acid in waste water of furfural production.The extraction efficiency can arrive at 97%—99%.The reclaim process of acetic acid was implemented by using impulse filling extraction column and a certain extraction solvent.The liquidliquid equilibrium data of the system is determined.The experiment investigated a good many factors that can affect the extraction efficiency.The acetic acid is refined by vacuum distillation and azeotropic distillation.The distillate efficiency of acetic acid in liquid extract can nearly reach 100%,and the dewatering effect is good.The qualified acetic acid in technical grade can be obtained.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 142-146 [
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147
Research of Inhibitory Properties of Organic Inhibitors in the Water Treatment of Boiler
CHEN Hong-xia,TAN Wei,SI Hong-tao
Under the condition of laboratory,the inhibitory properties of EDTA-Na_2 and ATMP in dealing with the water in Tianjin area is analyzed with the standard hanging piece method.When hardness is 7 mmol/L,the relation between inhibitory rate and alkalinity is obtained,and the result is compared with the inhibitory effect of inorganic inhibitors(Na_2CO_3,NaOH).The results indicate that organic inhibitors have good inhibitory properties and better inhibitory efficiency compared with inorganic inhibitors.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 147-150 [
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151
Adsorption Property of Polyvinyl Polyrrolidone and Its Application to Yellow Rice Wine
ZHOU Shi-miao~1,QIAN Jun-qing~2
The adsorption property of polyvinyl polyrrolidone was investigated according to its molecular structure.The adsorption process of polyvinyl polyrrolidone in Tannic solution is analyzed.The results indicated that the adsorptive characteristic can be described by Freundlich formula and adsorptive saturate phenomenon of polyvinyl polyrrolidone was observed in Tannic solution.Further research showed that the polyvinyl polyrrolidone could improve stabilities of yellow rice wine very well.If 0.60 g/L of polyvinyl polyrrolidone is added and interacted with yellow rice wine at 20 ℃ for 30 min,the stable duration of yellow rice wine could be prolonged to 12 months,especially this would not influence the flavor of wine.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 151-154 [
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155
Removing Organochlorine Pesticides from Ginseng with Supercritical CO_2 Extraction
LI Xue-yang,LI Shu-fen,QUAN Can,TIAN Song-jiang
This paper explores the feasibility of removing the residues of organochlorine pesticides(OCPs) from Radix Ginseng with supercritical CO_2 extraction.The experimental results showed that,when the crushed Ginseng were preloaded by a certain concentration of aqueous solution of ethanol,such as 10%(wt) and 70%(wt),and then were extracted with supercritical CO_2 at pressure of 30 MPa and temperature of 60 ℃,OCPs can be isolated up to more than 91%,while the loss ratio of the Ginsenosides in Ginseng is less than 3%.This study offers a new approach for effectively isolating organochlorine pesticide residues from Ginseng.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 155-158 [
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159
Optimizing SFE Process of Rutin from Sparganium Stoloniferum by Uniform Design and Regression Analysis
LIU Hong-mei,LI Ke-yi
A method for determining the content of Rutin in supercritical fluid extraction(SFE)of Sparganium Stoloniferum by RP-HPLC was established.Uniform design,stepwise nonlinear regression analysis and contour plots were used to optimize SFE process.The optimum extracting process was chosen as follows:extracting pressure of 24.0 MPa,extracting temperature of 40.0 ℃,dynamix extracting time for 90.0 min,static extracting time for 30.0 min,modifier of 26.0 mL of 75.0% alcohol.The relative error of the predicted value from the modei was smaller than 1.19%,the regression model can forecast results precisely.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 159-162 [
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163
Application of Neuron Network Technique in Modeling Crystallization Kinetics
YANG Meng,WEI Hong-yuan,LIU Yong
Neuron network model is constructed to predict crystallization kinetics data,based on the crystallization kinetics data of the system with ciprofloxacin hydrochloride,H_2O and ethanol.And the results confirm that this model is better to predict the crystallization kinetics data than other traditional methods.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 163-166 [
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167
Calculation of the Pressure Drop in Venturi Scrubbers
DUAN Zhen-ya,HU Jin-bang,HU Ling-ling,ZONG Run-kuan
Accurately predicting the pressure drop,which has been attracting the attention of many researchers for several decades,is very important when designing or optimizing the operation of a Venturi scrubber.The purpose of this paper is to introduce the most important methods available for the prediction of pressure drop in Venturi scrubbers.In addition,the predicted values of various methods are compared with the experimental data from Venturi scrubbers of different sizes under operating conditions for the purpose of providing theory groundwork for practical design.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 167-171 [
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172
Progress in Synthesis of Perfluorotetrahydrofuran
WANG Bao-he,LIU Mo-yi,ZHANG Zong-li
Perfluorotetrahydrofuran(PFTHF) is an important organic perfluorocyclic ether compounds,which is now widely used in more and more fields.In this paper the main progress in synthesis methods of PFTHF such as electrochemical fluorination are emphasized.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 172-175 [
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176
Application of Vetical Sieve-Plate Technique in Modifying Crude Benzol Rectifier
LIU Gang,YUE Wei-ming
During the capability-enlarging modication of the crude benzol rectifiering in Shanxi Coking Co.,Ltd.,ability of 7 kt/a process is enlarged to 20 kt/a.The calculation shows that the original diameter of column can meet require of alteration,and float valve is replaced by vertical sieve-plate.Examination of comparison indicates that vertical sieveplate has characteristic of large capability and small resistance.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 176-177 [
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178
Synthesis Technology of Bromine Chloride
ZHANG Shu-feng~1,ZHANG De-qiang~2,WANG Guo-qiang~1,LI Meng~2,WANG Li-cong~1,YAO Ying~1
In this paper,application and synthesis technology of bromine chloride(BrCl)are introduced.Based on other technologies and theory analysis,low temperature-liquid synthesis technology is counfirmed.The result shows that the optimal temperature is between(-15 ℃) and(-17 ℃),weight content of Br in BrCl is 69.26%(Theoretical value 69.27%).Dissolved in CCl_4,the maximal absorbance wave of BrCl is 380 nm in UV spectrophotometer,the value is in accordance with referenced value.Pilot plant of 100 t/a also makes anticipative result.Compared with other technologies,this process has many advantage such as simple process,easy operation and controlling.Pilot plant gives the foundation for the future commercialization.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 178-180 [
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181
Simulation of Mixing Equipment Designing Process
ZHU Zhen-xing,WEI Hong-yuan
Mixing is a central feature of many processes in the chemical,pharmaceutical,food industries,etc.Process engineers are regularly faced with the problems of mixing equipment selection,design,scale-up and optimisation.In order to solve these problems,a kind of design software should be developed with friendly graphical user interface(GUI),high reliability and network function.The purpose of this design software is to enable engineers to select and design agitators for a number of mixing duties such as blending of miscible liquids,solid-liquid mixing,gas-liquid mixing and heat transfer.In this paper,such design software is designed with Java which is the most popular programming tool in the world.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 181-185 [
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186
Chemical Engineering Calculation by VB and FORTRAN Mixed Language Programming
LI Shi-yu,QI Xiang-juan
In order to use source programs developed by FORTRAN in the Window's platform,a method of Visual Basic and FORTRAN mixed language programming was studied.FORTRAN programs can be used to perform calculation and Visual Basic program can be used to design interface between user and computer.Thus,many valuable programs developed earlier in DOS can be used in Windows now.This method can be extended to any EXE file.A successful example in chemical engineering calculation is discussed.
2006 Vol. 23 (2): 186-188 [
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