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Current Issue
2004 Vol.21 Issue.1,
Published 2004-01-15
Article
Article
1
Purifying Tert-Butyl Alcohol and Iso-Propyl Alcohol by Adsorptive Distillation Method
XU Chun-jian,L Dong-lai,LI Hong-wei,XIAO Bo,ZHAO Peng,XU Jing,ZHOU Ming
In this paper,the development and research status of adsorptive distillation process are briefly summarized.And some experiments have been carried out,such as the sedimentation rate of 4A molecular sieve and the separation of the mixer of tert-butyl alcohol-water and the mixer of iso-propyl alcohol-water by adsorptive distillation method.It is concluded that the adsorptive distillation method is suitable for separation of the mixer of tert-butyl alcohol-water and the mixer of iso-propyl alcohol-water using 4A molecular sieve as adsorbent.The experimental process can be operated stably and easily.The high purity of alcohol product are obtained.
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 1-4 [
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2780
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48
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5
Effect of Formic Acid and Acetic Acid Catalyst-accelerator on the Behavior of Diesel Catalytic Oxidation Desulfurization Catalyst
LIU Liang,TANG Xiao-dong,SHUI Lei-lei,WANG Hao
The non-hydrogen-reducing desulfurization methods have been developing all over the world in order to meet the diesel oil sulfur-containing standards that become more and more rigorous.Though TS-1,one of diesel oil catalytic oxidation desulfurization catalyst,can attain a good result of desulfurization,its dosage is too high to inconvenience to the operation.Introducing formic acid and acetic acid as catalyst-accelerators,and their effects on its capability were examined.The research showed that owing to the add of these two additives,the dosage of TS-1 can be redeuced to 50 percents and 6111 percents respectively and the desulfurization ratio reached to 1563 percents and 1811 percents respectively.The accelerators improve both the capability and activity of the TS-1 catalyst.Consequently,after desulfurization,the amount of the sulfur in the diesel fuel suffices for the Europe Ⅱ# diesel standard (<300μg/g).
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 5-7 [
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1739
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5
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8
Study on Property and Make of Microbe De-emulsification on Petroleum De-emulsification
YANG Zhi-sheng,SUN Yu,LIANG Bao-chen
This paper studied the application of superior strain in de-emulsification.Gotten the superior strain that can be used in o/w de-emulsification from the microbe selection division and microbe multiply.The effect of de-emulsification of superior strain can get 90% in 48 hours.It can affect the property of de-emulsification that consistency of superior strain,pH,de-emulsification time and ages of strain.But killed strain cannot affect the property of de-emulsification.
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 8-11 [
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1604
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6
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12
Densities and Viscosities for Binary Mixture of the p-Xylene with Sulfolane at Different Temperature
ZHOU Qing,MA Pei-sheng,YANG Chang-sheng
Densities and viscosities of the binary mixture of sulfolane with p-xylene were determined between 30315 to 35315K at atmospheric pressure by using a vibrating U-shaped sample tube densimeter and Ubbelohde suspended-level viscometer respectively.Density values were used in determination of excess molar volume.Viscosities were used to calculated deviations of viscosity.Excess volume and deviation of viscosity were fitted by a multiple regression analysis and Redlich-Kister equation respectively.
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 12-16 [
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1775
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6
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17
Surface Modification of Poly (d,l-lactic acid) Microspheres by Ammonia Low-Temperature Plasma
CHANG Jiang,SHENG Jing,CHANG Jin,YUAN Xu-bo
The hydrophobic poly (d,l-lactic acid)(PDLLA) micropsheres were prepared in poly vinyl alcohol and chitosan solution respectively as aqueous phase,and then modified by low-temperature plasma technique.Surfaces of microspheres treated by ammonia plasma were characterized with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS),and their wettability was studied by Contact Angle and Thin Layer Wicking measurements.It is obtained that groups contained nitrogen atoms could be introduced into the surfaces of the microspheres surfaces by low-temperature ammonia plasma.The hydrophilic character of the modified surfaces was increased in comparison with that of the parent microspheres.The contact angle for modified PDLLA microspheres were reduced apparently.
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 17-20 [
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3059
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6
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21
Experimental Investigation on Synthesis of the Surfactant Alkyl Polyglucoside from Starch
XIA Liang-shu,CHEN Zhong-qing,NIE Chang-ming
In the paper,synthetic tests of alkyl polyglucoside (APG) were carried out by the homogeneous catalysis reaction with lauryl alcohol and glucose.The effects of the operation temperature,pressure,catalysts quantity and raw material ratios and quantity of product were investigated.The results indicate that the effects of temperature and catalysts quantity on reaction rate are like a parabola with a downward curvature,and the optimum temperature is about 120℃,the optimum ratio of catalysts quantity and glucose is 0.008∶1.The reaction rate for synthesis of APG is increased when the reaction pressure is decreased,but the rate increase will become unremarkable unless the pressure is less than 4kPa.The reaction rate is gradually increased when the molar ratios of lauryl alcohol and glucose is increased,and the reaction rate has a maxium value when it is 5～6∶1.
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 21-24 [
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1772
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6
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25
The Study on Refining α-Linolenic Acid by Molecular Distillation
ZHENG Tao, XU Song-lin
The technology of refining α-linolenic acid by wiped film molecular distillation has been studied.The effect of the operating parameters,such as:the distillation temperature,the system pressure,the feed rate,and the agitating speed were studied on the purity and yield of α-linolenic acid.The experiment is carried out by multistage molecular distillation.The appropriate process condition for the purification of α-linolenic by molecular distillation is:distillation temperature 90℃～105℃,system pressure 03Pa～18Pa,feed temperature 60℃,feed rate 90mL/h～100mL/h,and agitating speed 150r/min.The purity of α-linolenic can be purified from 675% to 823% by 4 stages molecular distillation.
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 25-28 [
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1750
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6
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29
Study on Active Phases of the Catalyst for Butane Oxidationto Maleic Anhydride
JIANG Hao-xi,LI Yong-hui,LIU Xiao-ya
On known VPO catalyst for butane oxidation to maleic anhydride,the mechanism of butane dehydrogenation on the surface of catalyst,which was regarded as the rate determining step has been studied,and the dehydrogenation of butane occurring on the (020)plane of (VO)2P2O7 phase and the function of β-VOPO4 phase in this process have been discussed.The results showed that the predominant active phase is (VO)2P2O7 for the manufacture of maleic anhydride from butane oxidation,and the (020)plane was as the active plane on (VO)2P2O7,where all related surface reactions and transfer processes were taken place,and the β-VOPO4 phase played synergistic role during these reactions.Only under the interaction between phases (VO)2P2O7 and β-VOPO4,butane could be activated on surface of catalyst appropriately,and the dehydrogenation process could be carried out smoothly.
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 29-32 [
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1680
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5
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33
Study on the Property of Crystallization Thermodynamics for 6-Aminopenicillanic Acid
GONG Jun-bo,WANG Jing-kang
In this paper,the crystallization thermodynamic data,solubility and metastable zone width of 6-aminopenicillanic acid(6APA) were measured by using laser method.The solubility of 6APA was measured under the different temperatures,pH levels,mixed solvents,ionic strength and impurities.The data of metastable zone width of 6APA in aqueous solutions were obtained under the conditions of acid addition rates,initial concentrations of 6APA,temperatures and seed loading.The fundamental data would be key data for industrial design of 6APA production.
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 33-37 [
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2149
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8
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38
N-Hydroxyphthalimide Based Novel Catalytic System for the Selective Oxidation of Hydrocarbons with Molecular Oxygen
ZHANG Yong-jie,WANG Ya-quan
The oxidation of hydrocarbons is a main kind of reaction in chemical industry.Since oxygen or air is abundant and environmentally clean,it is very attractive to develop oxidation process with molecular oxygen as oxidant.Recently a novel catalytic system based on N-hydroxyphthalimide for the oxidation of varieties of hydrocarbons has been reported.Using this catalytic system,the oxidation reactions proceed under mild conditions and give both high conversions and selectivities.In the paper,this novel catalytic system and all the reactions catalyzed were reviewed.
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 38-42 [
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2148
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5
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43
Advance in Research of Rigid-tough Balanced Polypropylene Blends
XU Jun,SHENG Jing
Recently,researchers are active in the work of polypropylene toughening while maintaining rigidness by blending.The progress in the research of plastics toughening PP,novel elastomers toughening PP,PP/elastomer/rigid polymer was reviewed.In addition,the trend and prospect of the studies were introduced.
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 43-47 [
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2871
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6
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48
The Research Progress in Production of Caprolactam from Butadiene
ZHANG Lun,MA Zhong-long
Many overseas chemical companies and research organizations had made effort to perfect the conventional producing methods of caprolactam.At the same time,they had carried out the research of producing caprolactam from butadiene and had got some achievements.Two synthesis methods are dicussed,one is producing caprolactam from butadiene and carbon monoxide;the other is hydrocyanation.It is indicated that the later is more likely to be commercialized.
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 48-52 [
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2073
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5
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53
Advances in the Asymmetric Synthesis of Optically Active 2-Arylpropanoic Acids
CHEN Xiao-lin,ZHANG Ming-jie,FAN Xiao-huan
This review summarized the main asymmetric synthetic methods,which included Friedel-Craft reaction,rearrangement reaction,α-methylation reaction,Sharpless reaction,Grignard Cross-coupling reaction,hydrogenation reaction,carbonylation reaction,enzyme-catalyzed reaction,especially for naproxen.
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 53-56 [
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1779
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6
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57
Review on the Synthetic Processes of 4-Bromobenzenacetic Acid
ZHANG Zhi-quan,ZHANG Guo-liang,ZHANG Feng-bao
Some of the synthesis process of p-bromobenzenacetic acid was reviewed in this paper.Each process was evaluated by the aspects of raw materials,routes,yields and industrial application field.And the methods of cyanidation-hydrolysis and carbonylation were discussed in detail,and related reaction conditions and trends of the processes were introduced.In addition the application of p-bromobenzenacetic acid was also introduced simply.
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 57-60 [
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1776
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6
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61
Modeling Development for Molecular Distillation and Its Application
LIU Hong-mei
Molecular distillation is a new separation technology,which has various properties such as lower distillation temperature,shorter heating time and higher separation efficiency.It has important application in the separation and purification of natural essential oils.The recent research progress of process modeling about falling film,centrifugal and wiped film molecular distillators were discussed.The latest application of molecular distillation are reviewed.
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 61-64 [
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3215
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65
The Applications of Palladium Membrane
ZHANG Hai-yan,KUANG Dong-ting,CHEN Hong-xia
The applications of palladium membrane in the reaction system for producing olefin and hydrogen were introduced.By using palladium membrane,the reaction temperature was reduced in methane,methanol reforming reactions,and both of the conversion of the reactant and the selectivity of the product were increased for the dehydrogenation of propane,ibutane,ethylbenzene.The satisfying results were also obtained in the reactions for catalytic decomposition of ammonia,water-gas shift and nitrate removal from water.
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 65-68 [
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1705
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57
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69
Synthesis and Application of 3-Picoline
QI Xuan,FENG Ya-qing NI Jing
The productive situation and application of 3-picoline were described in detail.Its synthesis methods studied at home and abroad were also reviewed.These methods include gas-solid phase catalysis reactions of acrylaldehyde and ammonia; ethanol,methanal and ammonia; ethanal,methanal and ammonia; ethanal or paraldehyde,methanal and urotropine; acrylaldehyde and propanal; triallylamine; 2-methylglutaronitrile and gas-liquid phase catalysis reaction.The method using 2-methylglutaronitrile as raw material was introduced in detail.
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 69-72 [
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1134
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73
Study on Phase Transfer Catalytic Synthesis of N,N-Diethylaniline with Tetraethylammonium Chloride as Catalyst
TIAN Qing-wei
N,N-diethylaniline was synthesized from aniline with bromoethane using tetraethylammonium chloride as phase transfer catalyst under atmospheric presure.The various reaction factors such as reaction period,volume of sodium hydroxide solution,mole ratio of aniline to bromoethane,amount of catalyst,percentage concentration of sodium hydroxide solution and reaction temperature etc effected on the yield of N,N-diethylaniline have been studied.The Optimum parameters for preparing N,N-diethylaniline have been proposed.
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 73-74 [
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1210
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75
Progress of Polymer Electrolytes and Separators in Lithium Secondary Batteries
ZHAO Zhi-zhen,YUAN Xiao-yan
Polymer electrolytes and separators in lithium secondary batteries were reviewed in this paper.Types and preparation methods of polymer electrolytes and separators were briefly introduced as well as their effects on the battery performance.Recent developments and applications of polymer electrolytes and separators were also presented.
2004 Vol. 21 (1): 75-78 [
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1520
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2004 Vol. 21 (1): 79-80 [
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804
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