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Current Issue
2005 Vol.22 Issue.4,
Published 2005-07-15
Article
Article
251
Computer Modeling of the Solvent Effect on Hydroquinone Crystal Habit
CHEN Wei, WANG Jing-kang, YIN Qiu-xiang, LI Xiao-na, ZHANG Chao
The theoretic crystal habit of hydroquinone in vacuum has been predicted by BFDH and AE model according to the single crystal structure of hydroquinone. The interactions between the water molecules and a series of crystal surfaces were obtained by molecular dynamics simulation, then the crystal habit of hydroquinone in aqueous solution was simulated by modified AE model and the result was coincide with the crystal morphology observed.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 251-254 [
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255
Biosorption of Heavy Metal Ions by Activated Sludge Cultivated With Culture Medium of MTB
WANG Yan-hong~1, SUN Jin-sheng~
This article introduces the magnetic characteristics of magnetotactic bacteria (MTB). And according to different method, the active sludge was cultivated enrichment firstly, then biosorption of heavy metal ions was carried out with the activated sludge cultivated by three different culture conditions.The result indicated that it would be effective that the activated sludge was cultivated on the condition of micro aerobe, and the number of MTB is also more than the others. The total removals of Pb~(2+),Cr~(3+),Cu~(2+) and Zn~(2+) were nearly 100%. And biosorption of Cr~(6+),Fe~(3+),Fe~(2+) and Ni~(2+) was also carried out and the reduction was well.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 255-258 [
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259
Synthesis of n-Butyl p-hydroxybenzoate Catalyzed by Super Acid La~(3+)-SO_4~(2-)/TiO_2
LI De-jiang~1, FU He-qing~2
A new environmentally-friendly catalyst, La~(3+)-SO_4~(2-)/TiO_2(Ⅰ) was prepared. n-Butyl p-hydroxybenzoate was synthesized from n-butyl p-hydroxybenzoic acid(Ⅱ) and n-butyl alcohol(Ⅲ) with rare earth solid super acid (Ⅰ) as catalyst. The influence, such as ratio of raw material, amount of catalyst, reaction time, etc., on yield was investigated. Experimental result showed that Ⅰ is an excellent catalyst. When n(Ⅲ)/n(Ⅱ)=4.0, amount of Ⅰ is 3.5%(based on acid), reaction temperature is 120—130 ℃, and the reaction time is 4.0 h, the yield of n-butyl p-hydroxybenzoate can reach 92.7%.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 259-262 [
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1635
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263
Effect of Different Calcination Temperature on Structure and Extraction Ratio of Alumina from Kaolinite
LUO Yong-kang~1, MA Zhi~
The calcination of Kaolinite of Inner Mongolia was analyzed.Effect of different calcination temperature on structure and extraction ratio of alumina from Kaolinite of Inner Mongolia was studied in this article. It was found that high active sub-Kaolinite can be obtained when calcination temperature ranged from 700 ℃ to 900 ℃. High extraction ratio of alumina can be got when Kaolinite of Inner Mongolia was treated by acid after it was calcined at about 750 ℃.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 263-266 [
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1817
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267
Effect of Solidifying Temperature on Microsphase Separation of Benzylated Wood Based Polyurethane
FU Xian-shu, CHENG Fa, LI Hou-ping, WEI Yu-ping
A series of polyurethane resin samples were synthesized by benzylated wood solution using DBE (dimethyl esters of adipic, glutaric, and succinic acids) and n-butyl acetate as solvent and the adduct of toluene diisocyanate (TDI)/trihydroxymethyl (TMP) propane. FT-IR,WXRD,DTA,TG and DSC are used to analyze the effect of solidifying temperature on microsphase separation and thermal property of the resins. Results show that with the solidifying temperature increasing, the degree of microsphase separation is reduced, the decomposed temperature of hard segment is decreased and the decomposed temperature of soft segment is increased.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 267-270 [
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271
Synthesis of Super Water Absorbent Resin
NIE Ming, TAN Shi-yu, WANG Xiao-hua
Potassium persulfate as an initiator,super water absorbent resin is synthesized by graft copolymerization of pasting corn starch with acrylic acid(with the ratio of 1/6) at (50 ℃) when the ratio of potassium persulfate to corn starch is 0.014,the neutralization degree of acrylic acid is 92%,the reaction time is 2.5 h—3.0 h.The water-absorbing ability of the water absorbent resin is determined and the water-absorbing rate of the prepared resin can reach 560 g/g at room temperature in neutron medium.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 271-274 [
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275
Synthesis of n-Butyl Propanoate Continuously Catalyzed by Immobilized Titanium Sulfate
MAO Li-xin
In this paper,n-butyl propanoate was synthesized in a device of continuous catalytic reaction,by using solid acid catalysts modified from titanium sulfate immobilized on a silica gel and was calcinated at (500 ℃).The continuous catalytic reaction conditions were analyzed and the optimum condition was obtained as follows:catalysts supported is 0.2 g[Ti(SO_4)_2]/g(SiO_2),n(propanoic acid):n(butanol)=1.0∶1.4,amount of incoming charge is (0.12 L/h.)Under the optimum condition,the yield of n-butyl propanoate was over 95.5%.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 275-278 [
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279
Ammoxidation of Butanone to Prepare Butanone Qxime Catalyzed by Titanium Silicalite-1
ZHANG Jie, WANG Li, XU Wen
Butanone oxime was prepared from butanone,ammonia and H_2O_2 by ammoxidation with catalyst of titanium silicalite-1(TS-1) in 250 mL stainless autoclave.The effects of solvent,temperature,ratio of ammonia to butanone,adding mode of H_2O_2 on the conversion rate of butanone and the selectivity of butanone oxime were investigated.Results indicated that TS-1 showed good catalytic activity and the reaction condition was mild.When the ratio of ammonia to butanone was above 2.15,at (70 ℃),H_2O_2 was added continuously,the conversion rate and the selectivity of the reaction were 99.12%,100.00% respectively.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 279-281 [
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282
Adsorption of Phenol with Cr~(3+)-Bentonite
WANG Dai-zhi
The optimal conditions to adsorb phenol with Cr~(3+)-bentonite were investigated.Results showed that phenol was adsorbed effectively by Cr~(3+)-bentonite and alkalinity conditions were favorable to the adsorption.The best removal ratio was over 83% in the experiment.The last water level was less than the national third let level.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 282-284 [
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285
Analysis of the Reactor for Preparing Polyisobutylene Succinic Anhydride Using Chlorine Method
CHEN Zhi-ming~1, SHAO Li~2
The mathematical model for the three-phase reaction of polyisobutylene(PIB),maleic anhydride(MA) and chlorine gas was established.The main factors involved in the reaction rate included the temperature,stirrer rotational speed and chlorine superficial gas velocity.Reaction temperature should be increased as high as possible under the condition of assuring the color of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride.The increase of rotational speed could obviously improve reaction rate,but it would result in high power consumption.There was an optimum rotational speed and then comprehensive production cost was the lowest.Increasing chlorine gas superficial rate was also an effective method of improving the reaction rate provided that chlorine gas could be transformed completely.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 285-288 [
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289
Progress of Spray Granulation in Fluidized Beds
ZHANG Dong-li~2, HAO Dong-sheng~1, SHU An-qing~2, ZHANG Wei-wei~1
Spray granulation techniques in fluidized beds are overviewed in terms of the granulation mechanism,the operation mode and influenced factors.During the spray granulation,either solutions, suspensions or melted liquid are sprayed onto dried moist particles that are located in the flow zone of the fluidized bed,then the granulation process involving vaporization crystallization, dessication and chemical reactions completes in the same equipment.The spray granulation in fluidized beds is suitable to a wide range of particle sizes and shapes,and its products show good flowing property without aggregation.Compared with other traditional granulation methods, spray granulation techniques have attracted lots of concerns owing to the advantages of simple, equipment compactness, economic and high product capacity.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 289-295 [
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296
Progress on Study of Alkyl Polyglycosides
YANG Shui-bin~1, ZOU Gui-mei~1, FU He-qing~2
The characteristic of alkyl polyglycosides(APG),a new kind of surfactant,was introduced.Progress in the synthesis of APG were summarized,such as improvement of technology,treatment of product,selection of catalyst,degradation,mechanics,kinetics and phase behavior of the product,etc.The difference of improvement in APG between China and the others was pointed out.It's important to develop multifunctional APG with good appearance,smell and color.And more attention should be paid to enlarging the production scale and improving the product quality.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 296-299 [
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300
Progress in Heteropoly Acids Catalysts for Epoxidation of Olefins
AN Ying, ZHANG Wan-dong, LI Zhong-bo, QI Xin
The epoxy compounds of olefins is an organic intermediates applied most extensively.Epoxidation of olefins is the most important reactions in organic synthesis.This paper reviews the progress in epoxidation reaction of olefins under two-phase conditions, with heteropoly acids as catalyst, quaternaries as phase-transfer catalyst and hydrogen peroxide as oxidant.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 300-304 [
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1860
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305
Review of Mass Transfer Models in Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Botanical Essential Oil
XIANG Ai-shuang, XU Song-lin
The supercritical fluid extraction of botanical essential oil,a great application of supercritical extraction technique,has been widely studied in recent years.Some literatures have been reported on supercritical fluid extraction of essential oil,but only few focuse on mass transfer in these extraction processes.This paper reviews the mass transfer in supercritical fluid extraction of essential oil in recent years.Three main mass transfer models and the trend in studying mass transfer have also been discussed.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 305-309 [
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310
Dropping Pills Experiment Machine and Preparation Technique for Dropping Pills
XU Xian-tao, ZHU Hong-ji, LI Xia, JIANG Jian-lan, SHI Hua-wei, LIU Nian
The conditions to prepare Chuanxiong (Chinese Traditional Medicine) dropping pills with self-designed experimental machine are studied by the method of temperature gradient condensation.This paper mainly investigates the influences of primary substance's ratio, dropping distance,etc. on the specification of dropping pills by orthogonal test.The results will provide a reference for the improvement of dropping pills machine and the optimization of its preparation procedure.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 310-312 [
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313
Improvement on Synthesis of Balsalazide
SU Li, WANG Juan, CHEN Xiao-li, ZHU Quan
Balsalazide was synthesized from 4-nitrobenzyl chloride via condensation,hydrogenation,diazotization and coupling.The synthetic process was optimized and the total yield was 73.9%.The structure of balsalazide was identified by TLC,IR and ()~(1)HNMR.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 313-315 [
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1974
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316
Synthesis of 6-Chlorobenzoxazolone
WANG Juan, SU Li, CHEN Xiao-li, ZHU Quan
Benzoxazolone was prepared from o-aminophenol and urea and then was chloridized by hydrogen peroxide and hydrochloric acid to get 6-chlorobenzoxazolone.Structure of 6-chlorobenzoxazolone was primarily indentified by TLC,IR and ()~(1)HNMR.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 316-318 [
Abstract
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1930
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2001
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319
Development in Reuse of Polystyrene Foamed Plastic Waste
MA Zhen-rong, ZHANG Yu-qing
In this paper,the method to make non-drying glue by modifying polystyrene foamed plastic waste was presented.The manufacture process and property of products were optimized.The results indicated that the non-drying glue made by this way had some advantages,such as excellent non-drying property,strong viscosity,good resistance to water,etc.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 319-321 [
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322
Clean Technology of Cyanuric Acid Production
LU Xing-he~1, WANG Guang-jian~2, ZHOU Ji-hong~1
Cyanuric acid is a main raw material for sodium dichloro-isocyanuric and trichloro-isocyanuric acid production which are high-efficient healthy reagents for eliminating algae germcide.The traditional production technology of cyanuric acid is urea thermolysis and refinement of sulphuric acid acidification.Accompanied with the production,a large amount of waste gas containing ammonia and acidic waste water are discharged.In order to solve this pollution problem,many factories adopt a method of neutralizing acidic waste water with ammonia byproduct and lime.However,the method brings pollution to environment and the economic efficiency is low.In this paper,the process of production was analyzed and optimized from the beginning of clean production and the target of changing waste into treasure and protecting the environment is reached.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 322-324 [
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325
AI Control of HEDP Production Process
LI Hua~1, REN Chang-ming~2, MAO Yi-zhi~1, HUA Shao-xiong~3
On the basis of analyzing characteristics of 1-hydroxyethlidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid(HEDP) production process,this paper presents a means of AI control with self-adapting fuzzy controller to HEDP production,and expounds the software design of self-adapting fuzzy control system.Simulating results show that its controlled output can follow the initial value very soon and effectively.It can be a reference for improving HEDP production control.
2005 Vol. 22 (4): 325-329 [
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