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Current Issue
2009 Vol.26 Issue.3,
Published 2009-05-15
Article
Article
189
Synthesis,Humidity Controlling and Antibacterial Behaviors of Potassium Acetate/Polyacrylamide Composite
WANG Ji-hui~1,WANG Zhi-wei~1,MA Shan-shan~2,FENG Xi-zeng~2
Potassium acetate/polyacrylamide(CH_3COOK/PAM) and potassium acetate/poly(sodium acrylate-acrylamide)(CH_3COOK/PAAS-AM) composite materials modified by silver ions were synthesized by water solution polymerization methods,and then the surface morphology,structure,humidity controlling and antibacterial behaviors of CH_3COOK/PAM and CH_3COOK/PAAS-AM composite were analyzed and determined.The results show that the prepared composite is in fine and discrete particle. Compared with polyacrylamide and poly(sodium acrylate-acrylamide) materials,CH_3COOK/PAM and CH_3COOK/PAAS-AM composite have greater capacity and faster humidity absorption and desorption.By using E Coli and Micrococcus Luteus as detective bacteria,CH_3COOK/PAM and CH_3COOK/PAAS-AM composite have better antibacterial effect with the antibacterial rate above 90%.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 189-193 [
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Synthesis and Characterization of CdSe@ZnSe@SiO_2 Core-Shell-Shell Nanoparticles
XIE Chuang~
Ⅱ—Ⅵ semiconductor CdSe nanocrystals were synthesized via TOP-TOPO-HDA route with minor modification.Consequently,CdSe@ZnSe core-shell nanoparticles were obtained by one-pot synthesis.Structure characterization of the coreshell nanocrystals by TEM revealed that the complex consists of a shell which includes Zn element determined by EDX.The stability experiment indicated that ZnSe shell could dramatically improve the optical stability of the CdSe core.Hexane-polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether(NP-5)-water microemulsion system was used to prepare CdSe@ZnSe@SiO_2 nanoparticles in the presence of silane coupling agent which is a key factor to achieve the synthesis of CdSe@ZnSe@SiO_2 nanoparticles.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 194-198 [
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199
Preparation and Characterization of AlPO_4 Catalyst and Its Application in Acetalization
WANG Yu-fei,WANG Ri-jie,YANG Xiao-xia
AlPO_4 catalysts with different n(P)/n(Al) were prepared using hydrothermal and sol-gel method,respectively,and were characterized by means of XRD and NH_3-TPD.Results showed that the preparation method,the calcination temperature and n(P)/n(Al) had effect on the structure of catalyst and the surface acidity.The conversion of propylene glycol was mainly affected by the surface acidity of the catalyst.When n(P)/n(Al) was 1.0,calcination temperature was 400 ℃,AlPO_4 prepared by sol-gel method has the highest catalytic activity.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 199-202 [
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203
Epoxidation of α-Pinene Catalyzed by Supported Nano-Heteropoly Acid
WU Chun-hua,QIN Yong-jian,ZHANG Jia-yan,LENG Shi-yan
The epoxidation reaction of α-pinene was discussed using preparation of peroxyacetyl acid from 30% H_2O_2.Nano-H_3PW_(12)O_(40)/SiO_2 was selfmade and was used in the epoxidation.The optimized condition was obtained.When the molar ratio of α-pinene to peroxyacetic acid was 1∶3,the concentration of ammonium bromide was 0.06 mol/L,dosage of nano-H_3PW_(12)O_(40)/SiO_2 was 4%(of the mass ratio of α-pinene),the selectivity of 2,3-epoxypinene was 74.84% and the conversion of α-pinene can reach 86.53% at 16—20 ℃ for 2 h in CHCl_3.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 203-206 [
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2009 Vol. 26 (3): 206-206 [
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Synthesis of Hexadecylbenzene over Supported Phosphoric Acid on SBA-15 Catalyst
WANG Chao~
Hexadecylbenzene was prepared by the alkylation of benzene with hexadecylene over supported P on SBA-15.The performances of the catalysts were studied by alkylation reaction of benzene and hexadecylene in a micro-reactor.The influences of the composition of the catalysts,reaction temperature,reaction pressure,space velocity and molar ratio of benzene to hexadecylene on the conversion of hexadecylene and the selectivity were discussed.The optimal composition of phosphoric acid is 7%,reaction temperature is 180 ℃ and the space velocity is 2.0 h~(-1)(WHSV),molar ratio of benzene to hexadecylene is 10.The results showed that the catalyst has high activity and stability in the alkylation of benzene with hexadecylene.The conversion of hexadecylene is 94.5% and the selectivity is 93%.The life span of the catalyst is over 120 h for a single process.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 207-211 [
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2009 Vol. 26 (3): 211-211 [
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Synthesis of DBP Catalyzed by Solid Acid
CHEN Yu-cheng~
DBP was prepared by esterification of n-butanol and phthalic anhydride catalyzed by the self-made catalyst of SO~(2-)_4/SiO_2,SO~(2-)_4/Fe_2O_3,SO~(2-)_4/SnO_2,solid iron series strong acid.The effects,such as the sort of solid acid,the amounts of catalyst,the ratio of butanol to phthalic anhydride,the reaction time and so on,on the esterification were discussed.The optimal reaction conditions are obtained.The results showed that SO_4/SnO_2 has high catalytic activity.When phthalic anhydride is 0.1 mol(14.8 g),the solid acid catalyst with m(SO~(2-)_4)/n(phthalic anhydride) is 16 g/mol,the ratio of butanol to phthalic anhydride is 2.5,xylene is 200 mL(per molar phthalic anhydride),reaction time is 4 h,the yield of product is more than 94.0%.The catalyst has a long life span and can be used many times.The product is easily separated and purified with better color.The catalyst will be a promising replacement of H_2SO_4 in the synthesis of DBP.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 212-215 [
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Optimizing Preparation of PVA-alginate-Ca
WANG Xiao-hua~1,WANG Hong~2
The influences of glutaraldehyde contents,ratio of m(PVA)/m(NaAlg),CaCl_2 contents and reaction time between glutaraldehyde and PVA,on the water absorption of PVA-alginate-Ca were studied. The results showed that the water absorption of PVA-alginate-Ca is high when glutaraldehyde content is 0.85%,the ratio of m(PVA)/m(NaAlg) is 8∶1,w(CaCl_2) is 2.0%,the reaction time is 1.5 h.The prepared PVA-alginate-Ca has high elongation strength and high elongation ratio at break.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 216-219 [
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Effect of Anionic Surfactant Micelles SDS on the Alkaline Hydrolysis of Chloroacetates
ZHENG Sheng-biao~1,TANG Jing~1,WANG Tian-lin~2
The alkaline hydrolysis of chloroacetates,such as methyl chloroacetate(MCA),ethyl chloroacetate(ECA),tert-butyl chloroacetate(t-BCA),were investigated at different concentrations of anionic surfactant micelle of sodium dodecyl sulfate(from 5 mmol/L to 70 mmol/L) with the traditional method of conductant.The results indicated that SDS inhibited the alkaline hydrolysis of chloroacetates.The principle for the inhibition effect was discussed.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 220-222 [
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Comprehensive Utilization of Extract Oil from Solvent Refining Lube Oil
LIU Jie~1,LI Xiao-ou~1,LI Wen-shen~1,WANG Yang~2
The comprehensive utilization of extract oil from solvent refining VGO No.5 is studied by two methods.One route is to produce the rubber filling oil which is satisfied with some standards by NMP extracting.The other is to obtain petrolelum sulfonate through sulfonate reaction using oleum as sulfonation agent.The suitable operation conditions of producing rubber filling oil was determined.When the extracting temperature is(60 ℃) and the solvent/oil ratio is 2.0, the yield of product is 68.86% and the content of aromatics in product is 55.36%.The yield of petroleum sulfonic acid is 64.14% when acid/oil ratio is 0.12∶1,temperature is(60 ℃) and reaction time is 45 min.After petroleum sulfonic acid is reacted with 10% sodium hydroxide,petroleum sulfonate is obtained by extraction with ethanol and its active substance content is 42.1%,which can be used as surface active reagent.The methods on comprehensive utilization of extract oil proposed in this paper will have a wide application prospect in both economic and social benefit.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 223-226 [
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Alkylation of Liquefied Petroleum Gas over ZXM-19 Catalyst
HOU Qing-he,CAO Zu-bin,LI Dan-dong,ZHU Xue-mei,ZHANG Fan-jun
Using liquified petroleum gas as feed stock,alkylation experiment was done with self-made ZXM-19 alkylation catalyst on fixed catalytic bed reaction apparatus.The catalyst alkylation performance was studied under different temperature,space velocity and pressure.The result showed that the liquid yield with ZXM-19 zeolites catalyst is higher.The suitable operating conditions of alkylation technology were obtained:reaction temperature is(350 ℃,) reaction space velocity is 1.1 h~(-1)(WHSV) and reaction pressure is 2.0 MPa.Under this condition,the liquid yield is over 45%,and octane value is up to 95.The catalyst alkylation performance doesnot change after regeneration.ZXM-19 catalyst has good applying future.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 227-230 [
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231
Recycling Catalyst in the Synthesis of Lactide from Lactic Acid
SHEN Wei-feng,WEI Shun-an
The synthesis of lactide is the key process in the indirect preparation of polylactic acid from lactic acid.The wastes from the key process include the catalyst ZnO,the oxidation products and by-products from high-temperature reaction.The heat-precipitation solution was used to recycle catalyst ZnO and dispose of wastes,and DTA/TG,XRD were used to analyse thermal decomposition process,and to characterize the precursor and catalyst.The flow diagram was designed according to the experimental conditions.The results show that,the recovery of catalyst can reach 98%,and the process is easily operated with low-energy consumption.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 231-234 [
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Simulation of Dividing-Wall Azeotropic Distillation Column for Separation of Isopropyl Alcohol and Water
LI Jun,CHANG Xing-wu,SUN Lan-yi,LI Qing-song
A novel process of single-column azeotropic distillation process was proposed for the production of anhydrous isopropyl alcohol,where the dividing-wall column was used instead of the conventional dehydration column and concentrator.The proposed and the conventional processes were simulated with Aspen Plus,respectively.The profiles of liquid composition,temperature,flow rate and energy consumption of the two processes were compared.The results show that the energy consumption of the proposed process can be reduced by 14.6%,and the cost of equipment and operation can be decreased compared to the conventional process.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 235-239 [
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A Modified Wong-Sandler Mixing Rule for PR Equation of State to Predict Vapor-Liquid Equilibria
WU Xuan-jun,LIU Yuan
In this paper,a new G~E mixing rule(modified WS) is proposed based on the modification of Wong-Sandler(WS) mixing rule,which is combined with Peng-Robinson(PR) equation of state for the prediction of VLE data of many binary polar systems.The results show that VLE estimation method with MWS mixing rule based on PR equation is generally better than those with WS mixing rule.MWS mixing rule can be applied widely in engineering practice.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 240-243 [
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Thermodynamic Estimation of Synthesis of Guaiacol from Dimethyl Carbornate and Catechol
SHU Ting,HU Chun-di
The standard enthalpy of formation,the standard formation entropy and heat capacity of dimethyl carbornate,catechol and guaiacol were calculated by Benson-group contribution.The changes of enthalpy,the free energy,and the equilibrium constant were evaluated according to the chemical thermodynamics principle at direct synthesis of guaiacol with dimethyl carbornate and catechol.The results showed that this reaction is endothermal,the change of free energy is negative,and the equilibrium constant K is large,the temperature has little influence on the equilibrium constant K.The reaction can be proceeded at relative low temperature to keep high conversion with less side reactions,so the key solution is to develop low-temperature catalysts with high reactivity.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 244-247 [
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248
Green Production of Extracting Diosgenin from D. Zingiberensis Wight
WANG An-ting,SUN Xue-ping,HAO Xiao-guang
Diosgenin plays an important role in world medicine field.With the traditional acid hydrolysis extraction method,the production rate of diosgenin is low,and the pollution to environment is heavy.Based on the new extraction process of diosgenin,a green production process,which is green enzyme hydrolysis,was proposed.The effects of enzyme amount,reaction time,temperature,pH,solvent oil,on the yield were discussed.The green production technology of enzyme hydrolysis can control pollution,conserve the resources,and improve the production rate.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 248-251 [
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Modification of Paraffin and Preparation of Emulsified Paste Floor Polish
CONG Yu-feng,SUN Feng-jiao,LIAO Ke-jian,YU Hong-bo,ZHANG Ling
A mass of paraffin was catalyzed and oxidized by polyethylene waxes to obtain high rigitity oxidized wax.The emulsified paste floor polish was prepared from the obtained high rigidity oxidized wax.The effects of component of micro emulsion and the condition of emulsification on micro emulsion were discussed.The results showed that when the mass ratio of emulsifier to wax was 1∶0.60,emulsifying time was 50 min,emulsifying temperature was 90—95 ℃,stirring speed was(1 200)—(1 500) r/min,the emulsified paste floor polish was glossy with excellent power of thin film,and the cost was lower than that using natural carnauba wax.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 252-255 [
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2009 Vol. 26 (3): 255-255 [
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256
Determination of Interwell Tracers by Fluorospectrophotometry
YU Jia-tao~1,WANG Li-yan~2,WANG Bao-hui~2,WU Hong-jun~2,WANG De-jiao~3,LIU Gang~4
Fluorescein and calcein,as interwell tracers,were compared to find a method to measure the concentrations of fluorescein and calcein in the water sample,and the accurate curves of tracer concentration were obtained.This can provide reference for oil reservoir information.The method proposed was simple and convenient with high precision and accuracy.The detection error was within 2.5% and the detection range for fluorescein and calcein was 0—0.35 mg/L,0—0.89 mg/L,respectively.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 256-261 [
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Progress in Pervaporation Membranes for Aromatic/Aliphatic Separation
GUO Chun-gang~1,XIONG Chun-qing~2,LI Zhan-sheng~1,LI Yang~1,AN Xiaojiang~2,ZHANG Chun-qing~1,WANG Yu-rong~1
Separation of aromatic/aliphatic is important in petrochemical industry,and pervaporation is a potential alternative of the conventional energy-intensive technologies.Removing aromatics from naphtha by pervaporation can be used to produce 'non-benzene' gasoline and low-aromatic feedstock in ethylene production plant.The recent progress in pervaporation membrane for multi-component aromatic/aliphatic separation was reviewed.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 262-267 [
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New Advances in Oxidative Desulfurization of Gasoline and Diesel Oil
LI Chun-jing,SHEN Jian
Advances in oxidative desulphurization of gasoline and diesel were reviewed.The advantage and application of oxidative desulfurization were introduced,sach as peroxide oxidation desulfurization,ozone oxidation desulfurization,oxygen oxidation desulfurization,ultrasonic,biological,photocatalytic and electrochemical oxidation desulfurization.It is suggested the research on the oxidative desulfurization of gasoline and diesel oil should be focused on investigating oxidative desulfurization mechanism,increasing desulfurization efficiency and decreasing cost of oxidative desulfurization.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 268-272 [
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273
Basic Principle,Advance and Current Application Situation of Sol-Gel Method
WANG Juan,LI Chen,XU Bo
Sol-gel method is a method for material preparation under mild condition.In this paper,basic principles of sol-gel method and the main step are briefly described,the application and the prospects for development of sol-gel method in the of preparation process compound materials are discussed.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 273-277 [
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Application of Hybrid Process of Distillation-Pervaporation in Chemical Industry
ZHAO Na,JIANG Hong,BAI Peng
The hybrid process of distillation-pervaporation as well as its current and forthcoming applications in chemical industry were introduced.Emphasis is given to the economic potential analysis through cost comparison between the pervaporation-based hybrid process and the traditional separation processes.Finally,the performance bottleneck in the pervaporation techniques is discussed and available solutions together with some optimization processes are summarized,this can be served as a reference for the further development of this technology.
2009 Vol. 26 (3): 278-282 [
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2009 Vol. 26 (3): 283-283 [
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