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Current Issue
2021 Vol.38 Issue.5,
Published 2021-09-15
0
2021 Vol. 38 (5): 0-0 [
Abstract
] (
244
) [
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1KB] [
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757KB] (
787
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1
Electricity-Driven CO
2
Reduction
Liu Dan, Ma Zhe, Liu Mengxiao, Cao Yingxiu, Song Hao
Excessive CO
2
emissions have threatened the sustainable development of the environment and energy, converting it into chemical raw materials or biofuels via chemical or biological methods can effectively alleviate the energy and environmental pressure caused by excessive CO
2
emissions. However, the reduction process of CO
2
is non-spontaneous and slow, relying on externally provided energy and catalysts. How to achieve long-term energy supply and develop high-performance catalysts is the core of the development of CO
2
recovery and conversion technology. The strategy of using stable and clean electricity as energy source, with the assistance of high-performance electrocatalysts, to convert CO
2
into chemical products while achieving the carbon neutral cycle, is called electricity-driven CO
2
reduction and it shows significant advantages in CO
2
conversion. In this review, the recent research progress of electricity-driven CO
2
reduction is introduced from two parts:CO
2
electrocatalytic reduction reaction and CO
2
microbial electrosynthesis. Firstly, for CO
2
electrocatalytic reduction reaction, the characteristics of different types of electrocatalysts, as well as optimization and modification methods are compared and discussed. Next, we summarize CO
2
microbial electrosynthesis from the pattern of electron transfer, including direct electron transfer and indirect electron transfer. The related work of indirect electron transfer using different electron mediators (such as H
2
, formic acid, Fe
2+
and NH
3
) are extensively discussed. Finally, we illustrate the challenges and problems in the field of electricity-driven CO
2
reduction and discuss potential ways to address these problems.
2021 Vol. 38 (5): 1-12 [
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265
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2078KB] (
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13
Synthesis and Characterization of Photoresponsive Material with AIE Property
Zhang Zhibo, Zeng Yuting, Guo Xueying, Ren Xiangkui
Photochromic materials have attracted great attention due to their unique photoresponsive behavior and prospective applications as intelligent materials. In this work, a fluorescent molecule TPE-4DCS with two aggregation-induced emission (AIE) groups, tetraphenylethylene and cyanostilbene, was synthesized and its photophysical properties were systematically investigated. The results of the spectra experiments showed that TPE-4DCS has the typical AIE properties. Moreover, due to the reversible Z/E isomerization of the cyanostilbene unit, the fluorescence intensity of the TPE-4DCS solution gradually decreases under 365 nm UV irradiation and shows a spectral blue shift, while the fluorescence can be recovered under 254 nm UV irradiation. Therefore, TPE-4DCS is a new material with potential application in fluorescence sensing and other fields.
2021 Vol. 38 (5): 13-19 [
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289
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1438
)
20
Catalytic Dehydration of Glucose to 5-HMF by Ca-
γ
-Al
2
O
3
and Acid Solution
Wang Kang, Jia Chuanqi, Lin Fang
The method of
γ
-Al
2
O
3
spherical beads doped CaO (Ca-
γ
-Al
2
O
3
, beads size 1.8±0.1 mm) coupling with an acid solution was developed for preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) from glucose. The Ca-
γ
-Al
2
O
3
spherical beads were characterized by XRD and BET. Also, the effects of the doping amount of CaO, the concentration of solvent acid, the ratio of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to water in the solvent, the amount of catalyst, the reaction temperature and time on the catalytic performance were analyzed. Besides, the operational stability of Ca-
γ
-Al
2
O
3
and the catalytic mechanism were evaluated and discussed respectively. The experimental results show that the doping amount of CaO (doping amount10%) has little effect on the pore structure of the particles. Furthermore, 100% glucose conversion and the highest yield of 5-HMF with 58.6% is obtained under the following conditions:0.05 mol·L
-1
acid concentration,
V
(DMSO):
V
(H
2
O)=3:1, the ratio of glucose to catalyst=2:1 (125 mg:63 mg),the reaction temperature of 140℃ and the reaction time of 3 h. Moreover, after 5 cycles of Ca-
γ
-Al
2
O
3
operation (not calcined), the 5-HMF yield reduces slightly to about 55%, and the leakage of CaO in acidic solution is lower due to the doping approach, which indicate that Ca-
γ
-Al
2
O
3
had good operational stability. Hence, the catalysis mechanism shows that Ca-
γ
-Al
2
O
3
has excellent glucose isomerization ability. The doping of CaO can improve the interaction between the catalyst and glucose and the dehydration process of fructose mainly depends on the catalysis of acid solution.
2021 Vol. 38 (5): 20-26 [
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] (
455
) [
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7782KB] (
757
)
27
Study on Ru-Ni Bimetallic Catalyst for Phthalate Hydrogenation
Li Wensi, Wang Yan, Xu Yan, Zhao Yujun, Li Guobing
A series of bimetallic Ru-Ni
x
/AC catalysts were prepared by impregnation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature programmed reduction (H
2
-TPR), CO pulse adsorption and so on. The catalysts were evaluated in the hydrogenation of dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and the effect of Ni was discussed. We found that the selectivity to di(2-ethylhexyl)-1,2-cyclohexane diester of the Ru/AC catalyst was significantly improved by the introduction of Ni dopant (99.7%), which was much higher than that (77.7%) of the catalyst without Ni dopant. The catalytic activity will increase as the specific gravity of Ni increases, and the hydrogenation activity will reach the maximum when the Ru-Ni ratio is 0.6:5.0. According to the H
2
-TPR results, the reduction temperature of Ni metal can be remarkably decreased due to the interaction with Ru metal, further suggesting the synergistic effect between Ru and Ni.
2021 Vol. 38 (5): 27-34 [
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273
) [
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)
35
Preparation of TiO
2
/g-C
3
N
4
Composite by Coaxial Electrospinning and Its Photocatalytic Performance
Huang Xiaozhen, Chang Wei, Liu Bin, Li Yunfeng, Yang Jinxin, Gao Bing, Zhao Haobo
The traditional electrospinning method is usually used to prepare solid and smooth surface single-component nanofibers by a single capillary nozzle, which restricts its application in preparation of composite with multiple functional structures. In this work, TiO
2
/g-C
3
N
4
composite were successfully synthesized by coaxial electrospinning using butyl phthalate and urea as the raw material. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) analysis, etc. The effect of g-C
3
N
4
addition on the photocatalytic performance of TiO
2
/g-C
3
N
4
composite was studied by photocatalytic degradation using methylene blue (MB) as the objective. The results show that TiO
2
/g-C
3
N
4
composite with larger surface area and high photocatalytic performance were successfully prepared by coaxial electrospinning coupled with calcination at 500℃. When the content of g-C
3
N
4
was 0.15 g, the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of methylene blue (MB) by TiO
2
/g-C
3
N
4
composite material reached 93.8%, and the degradation rate can still reach more than 80% after 5 repeated experiments.
2021 Vol. 38 (5): 35-41 [
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244
) [
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3336KB] (
952
)
42
Research Progress of Droplet Coalescence in Microfluidic Technology
Guo Weixi, Zhu Chunying, Fu Taotao, Ma Youguang
With the development of microfluidic technology, the research of precise control of droplet behavior in microchannels has received increasing attention. The methods of initiating droplet coalescence including active methods and passive methods are introduced in detail. The active methods refer to trigger droplet fusion by applying electric field, magnetic field, temperature field, etc, and the passive methods refer to the promotion of coalescence by changing the channel structure or the wettability of the channel wall. Furthermore, the research progress of the dynamics of droplet coalescence is reviewed, such as the liquid film draining time and the critical capillary number. Moreover, the flow field research in the process of coalescence is briefly introduced. This article has important guiding significance for the follow-up mechanism research on the droplet coalescence, the exploration of efficient coalescence methods and the practical application of coalescence.
2021 Vol. 38 (5): 42-52 [
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] (
268
) [
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53
Preparation and Properties of Fluorescent Polyacrylamide Nanospheres
Shi Daohan, Li Peng, Chen Yipeng, Cao Rongrong, Liu Yuxing, Lü Wei, Liu Zongbao, Zhang Hai, Li Aihui, Liu Xiaofei
Polyacrylamide microspheres are one of the most ideal oil-displacing agents for tertiary oil recovery. But the geological conditions of low-permeability reservoirs are complex, and their mechanism of oil-displacing in the reservoirs is not clear. In recent years, due to the high sensitivity and low cost of fluorescent microspheres, they have been widely used in the oil recovery. In this paper, the fluorescent monomer trisodium 8-allyloxy-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulfonate was synthesized and copolymerized with acrylamide and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid by reverse-phase microemulsion method to obtain fluorescent polyacrylamide microspheres. Infrared spectrometer and laser particle size instrumentation were used to study the structure of the fluorescent microspheres, and fluorescence spectroscopy was used to study the fluorescence properties of the fluorescent microspheres. The experimental results showed that the average particle size of the fluorescent microspheres was 53.76 nm with a narrow particle size distribution. With the increase of the concentration of the microspheres, the fluorescence intensity of fluorescent microspheres increased, showing a good linear relationship. And the linear correlation coefficient was 0.999. Fluorescent microspheres have stable fluorescence performance under different temperatures, pH, metal ions and static time, which can be used as a potential reservoirs fluorescent tracer.
2021 Vol. 38 (5): 53-58 [
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361
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59
Application and Mechanism of Modified and Immobilized Red Mud to Remove Mn(Ⅱ) in Mine Wastewater
Chen Liping, Li Yongchao, Huang He, Xu Zheng, Ren Bozhi
Red mud, as a solid waste in alumina production, can be used as adsorbent to remove Mn(Ⅱ) from acid wastewater. Sequencing batch experiments were used to study the Mn(Ⅱ) removal characteristics of different modified red mud, and the removal capacity of red mud microspheres under dynamic conditions was also investigated. The mechanism of Mn(Ⅱ) removal by red mud was also analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), Specific surface area tester (BET), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) Characterization. Batch experiment results showed that the Mn(Ⅱ) adsorption capacity of different samples was in order of heat-treated red mud
2021 Vol. 38 (5): 59-66 [
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243
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869
)
67
Progress of Loading Metal on Zeolite to Remove Pollutants in Water
Xu Naijiao, Feng Lijuan, Wang Ji, Li Sen
Zeolite has been widely used in wastewater treatment in recent years. However, because of the small pore size, easy block of the channel, unideal removal effect of pollutants,the adsorption capacity of zeolite is often not up to the requirements. In order to further improve the properties of ion exchange and adsorption of zeolite and thus improve the removal efficiency of pollutants in water, it is necessary to treat zeolite. The loading methods of Fe, Mn, Cu, Ag, Ce, Al, La, Zn, Na and Ti on natural zeolite are introduced briefly. The loading methods of the first nine metals are mainly impregnation method, and the last one is sol-gel method. The removal mechanism of natural zeolite loaded with ten metals on drugs, dye wastewater, heavy metals, phenol wastewater, ammonia nitrogen, volatile organic compounds and other pollutants is reviewed. At the same time, the further development of loaded zeolite in wastewater treatment is discussed.
2021 Vol. 38 (5): 67-79 [
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270
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1251
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80
Progress on Nanocarriers in Responsive to Tumor Microenvironment
Wan Dong, Xi Yujing, Li Sunfan, Pan Jie
Nanotechnology is developing rapidly. Through continuous exploration of tumor microenvironment, researchers have created a variety of tumor microenvironment-responsive nanocarriers. This research is currently receiving extensive attention. This article focuses on several types of responsive nanocarriers which based on tumor microenvironment and their research progress, and prospects for the future development of responsive nanocarriers.
2021 Vol. 38 (5): 80-87 [
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251
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88
Simulation and Optimization of Maleic Anhydride Absorption Column
Huang Yiping, Sun Yuyu, Wu Dan, Yue Changhai, Li Pingli
Aspen Plus 10.0 has been used to simulate the absorption process of the maleic anhydride absorption column. The influence of the feed temperature of the reactant gas, the maleic anhydride content in the reactant gas, the amount of circulating absorbent, and the water content in the circulating absorbent on the maleic anhydride content in the tail gas of the column and the water content of the maleic anhydride-rich absorbent in the bottom of the column were investigated. The comparison between the simulated calculation results and the device operating data show that under the same conditions, the error between the simulated value and the device operating value is less than 1%, indicating that the simulation method is reliable. In order to ensure that the maleic anhydride content in the tail gas at the top of the column is not higher than 0.02%, the water content in the column bottom rich maleic anhydride absorbent is not higher than 0.2%, and the operation load of subsequent devices is reduced, the process parameters of the absorption column are optimized:the feed temperature of the reaction gas is 108℃, the content of maleic anhydride in the reaction gas is 2.36%, and the amount of circulating absorbent is 3.12 times of maleic anhydride in the reaction gas.
2021 Vol. 38 (5): 88-95 [
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239
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852
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