SnO₂-CeO₂ metal oxide composites were prepared by the co-precipitation method. Characterizations of XRD, TEM, H₂-TPR and CO-TPR were used to analyze the structure and redox properties of the catalysts. The catalytic performance of the catalysts for CO oxidation was also investigated. Compared with the SnO₂ and CeO₂ catalysts, the SnO₂-CeO₂ catalysts possessed the smaller crystallite sizes and larger specific surface areas. The H₂-TPR and CO-TPR results showed that the surface Sn⁴⁺ cations over the SnO₂-CeO₂ catalysts have higher reducibility in both H₂ and CO reducing gas due to the redox equilibrium of Sn⁴⁺+2Ce³⁺↔Sn²⁺+2Ce⁴⁺. Among all the catalysts, the Sn_0.7Ce_0.3O₂ catalyst showed the best catalytic performance because of its largest surface area and the highest reducibility of surface Sn⁴⁺ cations.

In order to synthesize lithium-ion battery cathode material LiFePO₄/C, a hydrothermal stripping method was designed to synthesize LiFePO₄/C cathode materials. The influences of sintering temperatures and time on the structure, morphology and electrochemical performances of LiFePO₄/C were investigated. The structure and morphology of samples were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrochemical performances were conducted by galvanostatic charge/discharge test and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The electrochemical results show that LiFePO₄ sintered at 650℃ for 4 h exhibits good electrochemical performance. The LiFePO₄/C sample presents the discharge capacity of 151.7 mAh·g^-1,154.8 mAh·g^-1, 149.8 mAh·g^-1 and 139.1 mAh·g^-1 at 0.1 C, 0.2 C, 0.5 C and 1 C, respectively. In addition, the LiFePO₄/C also shows excellent capacity retention and cycle performances.

Parent ZnO with different polarity ratios were synthesized by hydrothermal method, and used as a component in Cu/ZnO catalysts. Samples were systematically characterized by N₂-adsorption, SEM, TPR, XPS, XRD, ICP-OES, and N₂O titration. The characterization showed that the samples had similar textural properties and dispersion behaviors, and polarity ratio strongly influenced the catalytic performance. As polarity ratio decreased, the conversion of MA increased and then declined. A higher polarity ratio facilitated Cu-ZnO_x species, which was attributed to more ZnO_x oxygen vacancies and a stronger interaction between copper and polar ZnO facet.

With regard to poor applicability of traditional styrene-butadiene latex in oil well cement, styrene-butadiene latex specialized for oil well cement was developed by seeded emulsion polymerization, while its micro-structure and properties were evaluated. Physical properties with styrene-butadiene latex, IR and TG analysis show that:styrene-butadiene latex has good emulsion stability and stable molecular structure. The application performance and microstructure of slurries show that:API filtration of slurries with styrene-butadiene latex can be controlled under 50 mL. Slurries with styrene-butadiene latex has excellent salt-resistance and can also deal with the package of thickening curve in traditional styrene-butadiene latex; slurries mainly prepared by styrene-butadiene latex present rapid development of early strength, short transit time during thickening process. What is more, styrene-butadiene latex can refine the pore structure to improve the cementing strength of the cement slurry and the deformation ability, And the flexibility is relatively higher by 30% in comparison with ordinary oil well cement. It can satisfy cementing requirements in deep well, ultra-deep well and gas well.

Depending on the gelator N-hexyl-2, 4-(3, 4-dichlorobenzal)-D-gluconic amide, three new gelators were synthesized. The butyl acetate gel of the four gelators all had thixotropy by rheology tests. However, the butyl acetate gel of gelator N-(3-propoxy)-propyl-2, 4-(3, 4-dichlorobenzal)-D-gluconic amide can over recover, others gel just can partly recover. IR and fluorescence spectra were used to test these gels. The results showed that the hydrogen-bonds in the butyl acetate gel of gelator D increased after recovery, because the oxygen atom in the side chains of the gelator became new donors of hydrogen-bond in the recovery process. The π-π stacking in the gels decreased, so the butyl acetate gel of other three gelators cannot full recover.

A high temperature resistant sea water based fracturing fluid with a kind of acrylamide, acrylic acid and 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) terpolymer as thickening agent and zirconium lactate as crosslinking agent was prepared. The effects of PSAM structure (molecular weight, degree of hydrolysis, AMPS content), reactants concentration and blending ratio on gel formation, the temperature resistance and shear resistance performance were investigated. The influences of Ca²⁺ concentration and AMPS content on crosslinking dynamics were studied by investigating the variation of gel storage modulus (G') over time at different conditions. The results show that the polymer gel reach the optimal temperature resistance and shear resistance performance when the ratio of carboxylic group in thickening agent to Zirconium in crosslinking agent equals 1[n(-COOH)/n(Zr⁴⁺)=1]. Viscosity was maintained at over 150 mPa·s after the crosslinked polymer gel was sheared at 170 s^-1 for 120 min at 150℃; The study of crosslinking dynamics show that the crosslinking rate accelerates and the strength of the gel strengthens with the Ca²⁺ concentration increases. It takes longer time for the crosslinking reaction reaches an equilibrium when the PSAM sample contains high AMPS content.

In this work, the desalting efficiency and rules of high-salinity, high-hardness wastewater from coking plant by home-made electrodialysis device was investigated. Firstly, the high-salinity, high-hardness wastewater was softened to prevent membrane module from fouling. Secondly, the breakdown voltage of the softened wastewater was determined. Finally, the influences of running time, voltage, flow rate of wastewater in the dilute compartment and the cathode and anode compartments on desalting efficiency were studied in detail. The results showed that desalting efficiency was decreased with time, improved with the increase of voltage, enhanced with the decrease of the flow rate of wastewater in the dilute compartment and with the increase of the flow rate of sewage in the cathode and anode compartments. When the voltage was set at 2.8 V, flow rate of wastewater in the middle chamber and the cathode and anode compartments were set at 78 mL·h^-1 and 42 mL·h^-1 respectively, the desalting efficiency were 6.7% for 30 min running time and 6.4% for 60 min running time, respectively.

A novel polymer gel electrolyte was used to improve the short-current density and the overall performance in dye-sensitized solar cells. The polymer gel electrolyte was prepared by mixing 5% PVDF-HFP (poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)) and 2% TiO₂ nanoparticles. The monodispersed PS microspheres were synthesized by surfactant-free emulsion polymerization. Different photoelectrodes were obtained by adding different content of PS microspheres as pore-forming materials in photoelectrodes. In conclusion, the gel electrolyte is more conducive to the TiO₂ electrodes with more pores, the short current density (J_sc) increased from 12.80 mA·cm^-2 to 13.53 mA·cm^-2. The overall efficiency of DSSC with gel electrolyte and 7.5% PS microspheres as pore-forming material was 6.63%, which was 11.43% higher than the liquid electrolyte under the same test condition.

Crystallization behavior of palm kernel oil under different cooling rates were contrastively analyzed using In-situ analysis devices of PVM and FBRM, the crystallization products were detected by XRD, polarizing microscope and DSC. The results enriched the data of oil suspension crystallization process. Palm kernel oilcrystals show different morphologies under different cooling rates. When the cooling rate is under 4 K/h, the crystallization products are more similar to the β form as reported, while the rate exceeds 8 K/h, the crystallization products are more similar to the β' form. By analyzing different products under different cooling rates, it is found that different products perform different crystal behavior and melting points, which provides valuable information to the optimization of the suspension crystallization.

Spherical products of cefixime were prepared by anti-solvent crystallization and the properties such as bulk density, size distribution and purity of the products were improved by optimizing the process parameters. Considering the instability of the spherical products, in situ sampling method was used to confirm the amorphous nucleation and the crystal morphology of the final spherical products. The assumption of anti-solvent crystallization mechanism for cefixime was proposed and various characterization methods such as X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscope were used to prove that the formation of spherical cefixime crystal is a result of multidirectional growth arising from a central precursor, rather than the aggregation of fine crystals. Finally, the formation of amorphous was inhibited by adding seeds under low degree of supersaturation and as a result, the stability of the spherical products were significantly improved.

The vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data for the binary system isopropyl alcohol+dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), isopropyl acetate+DMSO and ternary system isopropyl alcohol+isopropyl acetate+DMSO were measured with a VLE modified Othmer still at 101.3 kPa. The experimental data were proved to be thermodynamically consistent when the point to point consistency test of Van Ness test was applied. The binary experimental data were correlated with the NRTL, Wilson and UNIQUAC activity coefficient models. Then, the ternary VLE data were predicted with the obtained binary interaction parameters. The results indicate that the calculated values are in good agreement with the experimental data. The results predicted by the Wilson models are slight better than those of other models. The binary azeotrope of isopropyl alcohol and isopropyl acetate was eliminated when added a certain amount of DMSO. Therefore, DMSO is a potential extractive agent to separate the azeotrope. Then, the extractive distillation of the ternary system was simulated using obtained binary interaction parameters with the process simulation software Aspen Plus. The separation conditions of isopropyl alcohol and isopropyl acetate with different operational parameters (stage number, feed stage, solvent ratio and reflux ratio) were discussed and the optimum conditions were achieved.

The mass transfer process of polymerization of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(PE) using slurry polymerization was studied. The effects of pressure and temperature on gas solubility, stirring rate and polyethylene particles on mass transfer coefficient K_L were investigated. Experiment results show that the vapor-liquid equilibrium relationship of system ethylene-hexane conforms to Henry's law and the solubility of ethylene increase linearly with the increase of ethylene pressure in the gas phase. The solubility of ethylene in hexane decreases with increasing temperature. The corresponding transfer coefficient increases linearly with stirring rate. The presence of polyethylene particles could decrease the absorption rate of ethylene and the relationship between PE quality and mass transfer coefficient is almost in an inverse proportion.

Pure indene is widely used in chemical industry. The most important problem in extracting pure indene is the separation of benzonitrile, because the boiling point of benzonitrile is close to indene. In order to build a method to separate benzonitrile from indene, in this article, a circulating vapor liquid equilibrium device was used to measure the vapor liquid equilibrium data of the binary system of benzonitrile-indene at 22.0, 32.0 and 42.0 kPa. In order to verify the reliability of the experimental data, area test and van Ness point to point test were applied to check the thermodynamic consistency of the experimental data. The results showed that the experimental data passed the thermodynamic consistency tests. Then Wilson NRTL and UNIQUAC models were used to correlate the experimental data and the binary interaction parameters of these three models were obtained. The finally results of these three models agree well with the experimental data.

The double T-junction microchannel was used to research the flow pattern and mass transfer of gas-liquid-liquid three phase flow in microchannel.30% TBP(in cyclohexane)-acetic acid-water was chosen as extraction system,and air as inserting gas.Effect of void fraction expressed as α (ratio of gas volume flow rate to total volume flow rate) and volume ratio of organic phase to aqueous phase expressed as q on flow regime and mass transfer were experimentally investigated.The overall volumetric mean mass transfer coefficient k_La was correlated with q,Reynolds number of gas phase Re_g and mean Reynolds number of liquid phase Re_M.With the introduction of gas,gas-liquid-liquid slug flow can be formed instead of liquid-liquid parallel flow.The mass transfer coefficient of gas-liquid-liquid slug flow is also significantly enhanced because of the high dispersion of two immiscible liquid phase and the internal circulation effect.

CFD method was used to study the pressure drop in the fixed bed packed with the particles of same and different diameter. PFC3D software was used for modeling of the fixed bed, and Fluent software was used to simulate the pressure field. The working range of the particle Reynolds numbers (Re_p) was from 1 to 2 200. Simulated results of the void fraction and pressure drop were compared with calculated results by the semi-empirical equation in published literature, which indicated that at low Re_p (Re_p<120), a good agreement was achieved between simulated and calculated results of the pressure drop. While at high Re_p, the difference between them was significant. Large particles made the peaks of void fraction profile moved toward the center of the fixed bed, and the distance from the first peak to the bed wall was almost same as the value of mass mean diameter (d₄₃). When the semi-empirical equation used d₄₃ instead of the original parameter, the corresponding calculated results of the pressure drop agreed better with CFD predicted resulted.