筒锥比对旋风分离器切割直径及流场的影响

摘要旋风分离器的结构对于其压力降、颗粒分离截留性能有重要影响。对含尘尾气进行分离时,准确掌握旋风分离器的结构参数和操作条件对气固分离效率的影响,是采用优化结构和操作的前提。采用RSM-DPM模型,模拟考察了一定总高度下,不同筒体高度与锥体高度比例下旋风分离器中颗粒切割直径、压强分布和切向速度等的变化规律。研究分析发现,进出口压降随筒锥比增加总体呈减小趋势;随着筒锥比变化,切向速度分布与设备的几何中心线有小幅的偏移;筒锥段高度比对颗粒切割直径的影响规律,在不同的进口气速下有显著的差别。入口气速小于12 m·s^-1时,较小的筒锥比更有利于分离;当入口气速大于12 m·s^-1时,对于较小筒锥比的构型(小于2.50),适当增加筒锥比对分离更有利,而当筒锥比大于3时,切割直径基本不随筒锥比的改变而改变。针对不同的进气流量,选择合适的筒锥比,有助于得到较高的分离效率;对于高进气流量和低进气流量,2.50和0.85的筒锥比分别是较适宜的结构方案。

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	李圣楠
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关键词：旋风分离器筒锥比压降切割直径

Abstract： Geometric configuration of a cyclone separator has an important influence on its pressure drop and particle separation performance. In separation of dust-laden tail gas, accurate understanding of the impact of configuration parameters and operating conditions of a cyclone separator on separation efficiency for solid particles is the premise for optimized structure and operation. RSM-DPM model was used to simulate and investigate the variation of particle cutting diameter, pressure and tangential velocity profile in the cyclone separator under different cylinder-cone ratios while maintaining a constant total height. It has been established that pressure drop between the inlet and outlet tends to decline with the increase of cylinder-cone ratio. Profiles for tangential velocity exhibit slight deviation from symmetric centerline of cyclones with changes of the cylinder-cone ratio. The effect of cylinder-cone ratio on cutting diameter for solid particles exhibits different mode under different range of inlet gas velocity. When inlet gas velocity is less than 12 m·s^-1, a smaller cylinder-cone ratio is more conducive to separation. When inlet gas velocity is greater than 12 m·s^-1, for a configuration with a small cylinder-cone ratio (less than 2.50), an appropriate increase in the cylinder-cone ratio is more favorable to separation, and when the cylinder-cone ratio is greater than 3, the cutting diameter barely changes with the cylinder-cone ratio. Aiming at different inlet flow rates, proper choice of the cylinder-cone ratio will help to obtain higher separation efficiency. For high and a low inlet gas flowrate, cylinder-cone ratio of 2.50 and 0.85 are suitable configuration options respectively.

Keywords： cyclone separator cylinder-cone ratio pressure drop cutting diameter

Received 2023-03-09;

Fund:上海市科学技术委员会委发展计划(18595800900)。

Corresponding Authors: 武斌,副教授,wubin@ecust.edu.cn。 Email: wubin@ecust.edu.cn

About author: 李圣楠(1998—),女,硕士研究生,现从事传质与分离方向。

引用本文:

李圣楠, 武斌, 陈葵, 纪利俊, 吴艳阳.筒锥比对旋风分离器切割直径及流场的影响[J]. 化学工业与工程, 2025,42(2): 135-144

LI Shengnan, WU Bin, CHEN Kui, JI Lijun, WU Yanyang.Cutting diameter for solid particles and flow field in cyclones with different cylinder-cone height ratio[J]. Chemcial Industry and Engineering, 2025,42(2): 135-144

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