天然气提氦技术研究进展

摘要氦是一种广泛应用于国防与高科技工业的战略资源。含氦天然气是工业化提氦的主要来源。我国已探明的天然气中含氦气的天然气资源少,含氦天然气资源中氦含量也较低,氦资源极其宝贵且提取困难,介绍并总结了国内外提氦技术。变压吸附法与膜分离法工艺简单,产品氦的纯度高;深冷工艺虽然能耗高,但技术成熟,氦回收率高,是目前应用最广泛的技术。集成提氦技术综合多种分离工艺,如深冷与膜分离、轻烃回收与脱氮、水合物与催化脱氢集成技术,提高了氦回收率与纯度、降低提氦成本,具有广阔的应用前景。

	Service

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	Email Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	王梓
	诸林
	杨喆
	曾行艳
	王远
	范峻铭

关键词：氦气天然气提氦传统技术集成技术进展

Abstract： Helium is a strategic resource widely used in defense and high-tech industries. The main source of industrialization in helium extraction is helium-type natural gas. There are few natural gas resources containing helium in China’s proven natural gas, and a small amount of natural gas resources containing helium also have low helium content. Helium resources are extremely precious and difficult to extract. The technology at home and abroad is introduced and summarized: PSA (pressure swing adsorption) method and membrane separation method own the simple flow and high purity of helium product; cryogenic method, although it suffers from high consumption in energy, is a mature technology with high recovery of helium and is currently the widely used technology. Integrated helium-extraction technologies are a combination of multiple technologies for separation, such as helium extraction integrated with cryogenic method and membrane separation, light hydrocarbon recovery and denitrification, hydrate and catalytic dehydrogenation, which improving the recovery and purity of helium and reduced the cost, thus have broad prosperity of application.

Keywords： helium helium-extraction from natural gas traditional methods integrated methods progress

Received 2023-05-22;

Corresponding Authors: 诸林,教授,zhulinswpi65@gmail.com Email: zhulinswpi65@gmail.com

About author: 王梓(1998—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为化学工程。

引用本文:

王梓, 诸林, 杨喆, 曾行艳, 王远, 范峻铭.天然气提氦技术研究进展[J]. 化学工业与工程, 2025,42(1): 113-129

WANG Zi, ZHU Lin, YANG Zhe, ZENG Xingyan, WANG Yuan, FAN Junming.Research and development of helium-extraction from natural gas[J]. Chemcial Industry and Engineering, 2025,42(1): 113-129

[1] NUTTALL W J, CLARKE R H, GLOWACKI B A. Stop squandering helium[J]. Nature, 2012, 485(7400): 573-575
[2] 贾凌霄, 马冰, 王欢, 等. 全球氦气勘探开发进展与利用现状[J]. 中国地质, 2022, 49(5): 1427-1437 JIA Lingxiao, MA Bing, WANG Huan, et al. Progress and utilization status of global helium exploration and development[J]. Geology in China, 2022, 49(5): 1427-1437(in Chinese)
[3] 陈践发, 刘凯旋, 董勍伟,等. 天然气中氦资源研究现状及我国氦资源前景[J]. 天然气地球科学,2021,32(10):1436-1449 CHEN Jianfa, LIU Kaixuan, DONG Qingwei, et al. Research status of helium resources in natural gas and prospects of helium resources in China[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2021, 32(10):1436-1449(in Chinese)
[4] Beyond the Helium Conundrum(November 22,2016). Retrieved from http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6425422/
[5] 李玉宏. 应从国家层面高度重视氦气资源调查及利用[J]. 国土资源, 2018(11): 30-31 LI Yuhong. We should attach great importance to the investigation and utilization of helium resources at the national level[J]. Land & Resources, 2018(11): 30-31(in Chinese)
[6] TADE M D. Helium storage in Cliffside field[J]. Journal of Petroleum Technology, 1967, 19(7): 885-888
[7] YAKUTSENI V P. World helium resources and the perspectives of helium industry development[EB/OL]. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/world-helium-resources-and-the-perspectives-of-helium-industry-development, 2022-10-25
[8] GRYNIA E, GRIFFIN P J. Helium in natural gas-occurrence and production[J]. Journal of Natural Gas Engineering, 2016, 1(2): 163-215
[9] 赖秀文, 邵勇, 张淑文, 等. 富氦天然气中提取氦气的深冷工艺究[J]. 深冷技术,2013 (5):36-39 LAI Xiuwen, SHAO Yong, ZHANG Shuwen, et al. Approach to cryogenic process to extract helium from helium-rich NG[J]. Cryogenic Technology, 2013 (5):36-39 (in Chinese)
[10] 陆慕郭. 天然气提氦工业的发展[J]. 石油与天然气化工,1989(1):41-46 LU Muguo. Development of helium extraction industry from natural gas[J]. Chemical Engineering of Oil & Gas, 1989(1): 41-46(in Chinese)
[11] 李均方, 何琳琳, 柴露华. 天然气提氦技术现状及建议[J]. 石油与天然气化工,2018,47(4):41-44 LI Junfang, HE Linlin, CHAI Luhua. Present situation and suggestion of helium extraction from natural gas[J]. Chemical Engineering of Oil & Gas,2018,47(4):41-44(in Chinese)
[12] 陈玉凯. 2020—2021中国稀有气体市场年度报告[R]. 山东: 卓创资讯. 2020
[13] 李玉宏, 李济远, 周俊林,等. 国内外氦气资源勘探开发现状及其对中国的启示[J]. 西北地质,2022,55(3):233-240 LI Yuhong, LI Jiyuan, ZHOU Junlin, et al. Exploration and development status of world helium resources and its implications for China[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2022,55(3):233-240(in Chinese)
[14] 倪春华, 朱建辉, 刘光祥, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地杭锦旗地区上古生界煤系烃源岩生烃潜力再评价[J]. 石油实验地质, 2021, 43(5): 826-834 NI Chunhua, ZHU Jianhui, LIU Guangxiang, et al. Re-evaluation of hydrocarbon generation potential of the Upper Paleozoic coal-measure source rocks in the Hangjinqi area of Ordos Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2021, 43(5): 826-834(in Chinese)
[15] 刘凯旋, 陈践发, 付娆, 等. 威远气田富氦天然气分布规律及控制因素探讨[J]. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2022,46(4):12-21 LIU Kaixuan, CHEN Jianfa, FU Rao, et al. Discussion on distribution law and controlling factors of helium-rich natural gas in Weiyuan gas field[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science), 2022, 46(4): 12-21(in Chinese)
[16] 刘树根, 孙玮, 赵异华, 等. 四川盆地震旦系灯影组天然气的差异聚集分布及其主控因素[J]. 天然气工业, 2015, 35(1): 10-23 LIU Shugen, SUN Wei, ZHAO Yihua, et al. Differential accumulation and distribution of natural gas and their main controlling factors in the Upper Sinian Dengying Fm, Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2015, 35(1): 10-23(in Chinese)
[17] 张虎权, 卫平生, 张景廉. 也谈威远气田的气源: 与戴金星院士商榷[J]. 天然气工业, 2005, 25(7): 4-7 ZHANG Huquan, WEI Pingsheng, ZHANG Jinglian. About the origin of natural gas in Weiyuan field—To discuss with academician[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2005, 25(7): 4-7(in Chinese)
[18] 唐金荣, 张宇轩, 周俊林, 等. 全球氦气产业链分析与中国应对策略[J].地质通报,2023,42(1):1-13 TANG Jinrong, ZHANG Yuxuan, ZHOU Junlin, et al. Analysis of global helium industry chain and China’s strategy[J]. Geological Bulletin of China,2023,42(1):1-13 (in Chinese)
[19] 李长俊, 张财功, 贾文龙, 等. 天然气提氦技术开发进展[J]. 天然气化工(C1化学与化工), 2020, 45(4):108-116 LI Changjun, ZHANG Caigong, JIA Wenlong, et al. Natural Gas Chemical Industry, 2020, 45(4):108-116(in Chinese)
[20] RUFFORD T E, CHAN K, HUANG S, et al. A review of conventional and emerging process technologies for the recovery of helium from natural gas[J]. Adsorption Science & Technology, 2014, 32(1): 49-72
[21] MEHRPOOYA M, SHAFAEI A. Advanced exergy analysis of novel flash based Helium recovery from natural gas processes[J]. Energy, 2016, 114: 64-83
[22] 赵振国. 吸附作用应用原理[M]. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2005 ZHAO Zhenguo. Application principle of adsorption[M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2005 (in Chinese)
[23] DAS N K, CHAUDHURI H, BHANDARI R K, et al. Purification of helium from natural gas by pressure swing adsorption[J]. Current Science, 2008: 1684-1687
[24] BEHLING R D, PEINEMANN K V, DA SILVA L B. Process for the Separation/Recovery of Gases: US6179900[P]. 2001
[25] BAKSH M S A. Methods and Systems for Helium Recovery: US20090320679 [P]. 2009-12-31
[26] JAHROMI P E, FATEMI S, VATANI A, et al. Purification of helium from a cryogenic natural gas nitrogen rejection unit by pressure swing adsorption[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2018, 193: 91-102
[27] 辜敏, 鲜学福. 变压吸附技术的研究进展[C]//全国天然气化工信息站变压吸附网全网大会暨变压吸附分离技术交流会. 2006
[28] D’AMICO J, REINHOLD HEI, KNAEBEL KS. Helium recovery: US 5542966A [P]. 1996-08-06
[29] LINDEMANN U, BOECK S, BLUM L, et al. Turnkey helium purification and liquefaction plant for Darwin, Australia[J]. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2010, 1218(1):271-274
[30] BAKSH M S A. Methods and systems for helium recovery: US20090320679 [P].2009-12-31
[31] DIAGNE D, GOTO M, HIROSE T. New PSA process with intermediate feed inlet position operated with dual refluxes: Application to carbon dioxide removal and enrichment[J]. Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan, 1994, 27(1): 85-89
[32] DIAGNE D, GOTO M, HIROSE T. Experimental study of simultaneous removal and concentration of CO₂ by an improved pressure swing adsorption process[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 1995, 36(6/7/8/9): 431-434
[33] KEARNS D T, WEBLEY P A. Modelling and evaluation of dual-reflux pressure swing adsorption cycles: Part I. Mathematical models[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2006, 61(22): 7223-7233
[34] WEH R, XIAO G, SADEGHI POUYA E, et al. Helium recovery and purification by dual reflux pressure swing adsorption[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2022, 288: 120603
[35] ROBESON L M. The upper bound revisited[J]. Memb Sci, 320(2008): 390-400
[36] HÄUSSINGER P, GLATTHAAR, RHODE R W, et al. Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry[M]. Wiley-VCH, Germany:Weinheim,Baden-Warttemberg, 2005
[37] STERN S A, SINCLAIR T F, GAREIS P J, et al. Helium recovery by permeation[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry, 1965, 57(2): 49-60
[38] SHELEKHIN A B, DIXON A G, MA Y. Adsorption, permeation, and diffusion of gases in microporous membranes. II. Permeation of gases in microporous glass membranes[J]. Journal of Membrane Science, 1992, 75(3): 233-244
[39] FU S, SANDERS E S, KULKARNI S S, et al. Temperature dependence of gas transport and sorption in carbon molecular sieve membranes derived from four 6FDA based polyimides: Entropic selectivity evaluation[J]. Carbon, 2015, 95: 995-1006
[40] LAGUNTSOV N I, KURCHATOV I M, KARASEVA M D. Membrane recycle system usage for helium extraction from natural gas[J]. Physics Procedia, 2015, 72: 93-97
[41] 卢衍波. 膜法天然气提氦技术研究进展[J]. 石油化工,2020,49(5):513-518 LU Yanbo. Research progress of extracting helium from natural gas with membrane separation[J]. Petrochemical Technology, 2020,49(5):513-518 (in Chinese)
[42] SCHOLES C A, STEVENS G W, KENTISH S E. Membrane gas separation applications in natural gas processing[J]. Fuel, 2012, 96: 15-28
[43] 疏朝龙, 庄震万, 时钧. 膜法天然气提氦[J]. 南京化工学院学报,1994,16(1):61-66 SHU Zhuanglong, ZHUANG zhenwan, SHI Jun. Enriching helium from natural gas with permeation[J]. Journal of Nanjing Tech University (Natural Science Edition), 1994,16(1):61-66 (in Chinese)
[44] HE X, HÄGG M B, KIM T J. Hybrid FSC membrane for CO₂ removal from natural gas: Experimental, process simulation, and economic feasibility analysis[J]. AIChE Journal, 2014, 60(12): 4174-4184
[45] 郑佩君, 谢威, 白菊,等. 气体分离膜技术在天然气提氦中的研究进展[J]. 膜科学与技术,2022,42(6):168-177 ZHENG Peijun, XIE Wei, BAI Ju, et al. Research progress and prospect of membrane gas separation technology for helium recovery from natural gas[J]. Membrane Science and Technology[J]. 2022,42(6):168-177 (in Chinese)
[46] 廖维仁. 用深冷法从天然气中回收氦气[J]. 天然气工业,1984,4(2):69-74,8 LIAO Weiren. Recovering helium from natural gas by cryogenic method[J]. Natural Gas Industry,1984,4(2):69-74, 8 (in Chinese)
[47] 中国石油工程建设有限公司. 一种天然气单塔深冷提氦装置和方法: CN111981767B[P]. 2024-03-08
[48] HANDLEY J R, MILER W C. Process requirements and enhanced economics of helium recovery from natural gas[J]. SPE Mil-Continent Gas Symposium, 1992, (4):13-14
[49] 龙增兵, 琚宜林, 钟志良, 等. 天然气提氦技术探讨与研究[J]. 天然气与石油, 2009, 27(4): 28-31 LONG Zengbing, JU Yilin, ZHONG Zhiliang, et al. Investigation and research on technology of helium extraction from natural gas[J]. Natural Gas and Oil, 2009, 27(4): 28-31(in Chinese)
[50] 王智. 一种提氦装置和天然气提氦方法: CN 113983761 [P]. 2022-01-28
[51] HAMEDI H, KARIMI I A, GUNDERSEN T. A novel cost-effective silica membrane-based process for helium extraction from natural gas[J]. Computers & Chemical Engineering, 2019, 121: 633-638
[52] 邢国海. 天然气提取氦气技术现状与发展[J]. 天然气工业, 2008, 28(8): 114-116 XING Guohai. Status quo and development of the technology on helium gas abstracted from natural gas[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2008, 28(8): 114-116(in Chinese)
[53] 张良聪. 天然气提氦膜深冷耦合工艺研究[D]. 辽宁大连: 大连理工大学, 2013 ZHANG Liangcong. Study on cryogenic coupling process of helium extraction membrane from natural gas[D]. Liaoning Dalian: Dalian University of Technology, 2013 (in Chinese)
[54] HEIDARI M, TAVASOLI A, KARIMI A. Multi-objective optimization of a combined cryogenic and membrane process for helium recovery from natural gas using genetic algorithm [J]. Pet Coal,2015,57(6):587-600
[55] ALDERS M, WINTERHALDER D, WESSLING M. Helium recovery using membrane processes[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2017, 189: 433-440
[56] QUADER M A, RUFFORD T E, SMART S. Integration of hybrid membrane-distillation processes to recover helium from pre-treated natural gas in liquefied natural gas plants[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2021, 263: 118355
[57] 张丽萍, 巨永林. 天然气及液化天然气蒸发气提氦技术研究进展[J]. 天然气化工-C1化学与化工, 2022, 47(5):32-41 ZHANG Liping, JV Yonglin. Research progress of helium extraction of natural gas and liquefied natural gas boil-off gas[J]. Natural Gas Chemical Industry, 2022, 47(5):32-41 (in Chinese)
[58] XIONG L, PENG N, LIU L, et al. Helium extraction and nitrogen removal from LNG boil-off gas[J]. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2017, 171: 012003
[59] 张大战, 徐鹏, 赵光明. 一种从BOG气体中提氦与能源利用的系统和方法: CN113154409B[P]. 2022-02-22
[60] 荣杨佳, 赵云昆, 诸林, 等. 一种贫氦天然气轻烃回收与提氦的联产系统和方法: CN112179048B[P]. 2022-02-01
[61] PITMAN R N, HUDSON H M, WILKINSON J D, et al. Next generation processes for NGL/LPG recovery[EB/OL]. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID: 113331229, 1998-12-31
[62] CHIU C H, SHEU F R. Helium extraction from nitrogen rejection unit stream of LNG plants[C]//Topical conference at the 2011 AIChE spring meeting and 7th global congress on process safety, 2011: 151156
[63] GHORBANI B, HAMEDI M H, AMIDPOUR M. Development and optimization of an integrated process configuration for natural gas liquefaction (LNG) and natural gas liquids (NGL) recovery with a nitrogen rejection unit (NRU)[J]. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 2016, 34: 590-603
[64] GHORBANI B, HAMEDI M H, AMIDPOUR M, et al. Cascade refrigeration systems in integrated cryogenic natural gas process (natural gas liquids (NGL), liquefied natural gas (LNG) and nitrogen rejection unit (NRU)) [J]. Energy, 2016, 115: 88-106
[65] KIM D, GUNDERSEN T. Helium extraction from LNG end-flash[J]. Chem Eng Trans, 2015, 45:595-600
[66] HAMEDI H. An innovative integrated process for helium and NGL recovery and nitrogen removal[J]. Cryogenics, 2021, 113: 103224
[67] ROBETS M J, REPASKY J M. Method and apparatus for producing products from natural gas: EP20070250030[P]. 2009-09-23
[68] VICTORY D, OELFKE RH. Helium recovery from natural gas integrated with NGL recovery: TN20110000103 [P]. 2012-09-05
[69] SHAFAEI A, MEHRPOOYA M. Process development and sensitivity analysis of novel integrated helium recovery from natural gas processes[J]. Energy, 2018, 154: 52-67
[70] ANSARINASAB H, MEHRPOOYA M, POURIMAN M. Advanced exergoeconomic evaluation of a new cryogenic helium recovery process from natural gas based on the flash separation-APCI modified process[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018, 132: 368-380
[71] CHATTII DELAHAYEA, FOURNAISON L, et al.Benefits and drawbacks of clathrate hydrates:A review of their areas of interest[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2005, 46(9/10):1333-1343
[72] 郑志, 吕艳丽. 水合物法的天然气提氦技术研究[J]. 资源开发与市场, 2011, 27(11): 978-980 ZHENG Zhi, LYU Yanli. Technology research on helium abstraction from natural gas via forming hydrate[J]. Resource Development & Market, 2011, 27(11): 978-980(in Chinese)
[73] 贾文龙. 一种水合物法集成提氦装置: CN112811402 A [P]. 2021-05-18