In order to investigate the variation tendency of the morphology of gold nanoparticles in the N-Viny-Pyrrolidone (NVP) system, gold nanoparticles were synthesized under different operating conditions and the morphology were characterized and analyzed through TEM, UV-vis and XRD. As an example, the synthesis mechanism of triangular gold nanoparticles with NVP was studies. The results show that stable gold nanoparticles can be obtained using NVP as reductant and stabilizer, and NVP can induce non-isotropic growth of gold nanoparticles, which created the triangular and hexagonal gold nanodisks. Besides, the effect of reaction condition on the synthesis of gold nanoparticles was studied. Rod-shape gold nanorods and nanoparticles with support also can be synthesized in this system.

A CdS loaded reduced-TiO₂ photocatalyst was successfully prepared through a sol-gel assisted solvothermal method, using tetrabutyl-titanate/cadmium acetate as raw materials and sodium borohydride as reductant. The properties of the composite photcatalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and X-ray photo-electric spectrometry. The photocatalytic H₂S splitting performance was evaluated by the H₂ production in a H₂S saturated sodium hydroxide solution irradiated by a 300 W xenon lamp. The results indicate that CdS loading and reduction by NaHB₄ could efficiently increase the light absorption of TiO₂ in visible and near-infrared region. Additionally, CdS loaded on TiO₂ provided more reaction site for H₂S splitting and contributed greatly to the separation of photoexcited electrons and holes, which substantially enhance the photocatalytic property. The H₂ production rate of the 5% CdS loaded r-TiO₂ under full-spectrum light irradiation is 2.4 mmol·h^-1·g^-1, which is 5.5 times higher than that of the pristine TiO₂.

Surface tensions, densities, viscosities and conductivities of ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[ (trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide ([emim] [Tf₂N]) are experimentally measured in the temperature range of 298.15 K~338.15 K at 0.1 MPa. Experimental data of surface tensions and densities are correlated with temperature by using the least square method and the corresponding regression equations are obtained. The experimental data are also compared with works in literatures along with the ones calculated in group contribution method. Additionally, relationships of these properties with molecular structures and temperature are also studied:With an increase of the length of the cation substituted carbon chain or the anion size, surface tensions of ionic liquid decrease. By increase the temperature, surface tensions and densities show almost linearly decrease trends. Viscosities decrease while conductivities increase with an increase of temperature. The determination of these properties of[emim] [Tf₂N] provides a possibility of applying it in absorption refrigeration systems.

Pyridine bases, including pyridine and picolines (e.g., 2-picoline, 3-picoline and 4-picoline), are typical N-heterocyclic compounds, which are applied widely in various fields such as vitamin B and pesticide, particularly 3-picoline. In this paper, the current synthesis processes of 3-picoline are reviewed, the related advantages and disadvantages from these pathways are analyzed. The reasons for the deactivation of catalysts are explained and the new regeneration process is introduced. It is concluded that glycerol/ammonia is an ideal pathway for the synthesis of 3-picoline, as it possesses many advantages, e.g., enviroment friendly, safety, sustainable and low cost, which will become the growing trend in the future work. The development of a high-performance catalyst is highly desirable.

The catalysts of HZSM-5 zeolite loading manganese (9Mn/Z), cerium (9Ce/Z) and manganese-cerium (4.5Mn4.5Ce/Z) were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method. The catalytic activities of these catalysts were investigated for soot combustion. The results show that the (4.5Mn4.5Ce/Z) catalyst has higher catalytic activity of soot combustion and the temperature of soot conversion 50% (T₅₀)is 400℃. It is lower than that of 9Mn/Z (T₅₀=414℃) and 9Ce/Z (T₅₀=447℃) catalysts, and decreases by 128℃ compared with the pure soot combustion. The hydrogen temperature programmed reduction (H₂-TPR) results show that the hydrogen reduction peak of MnO_x-CeO₂ in the catalyst 4.5Mn4.5Ce/Z shifts toward lower temperatures compared with the catalyst (9Mn/Z) and 9Ce/Z, suggesting its better redox properties with the strong interaction between the MnO_x and CeO₂. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results show that the 4.5Mn4.5Ce/Z catalyst possesses more chemisorbed oxygen species. It should be conducive to the soot oxidation reaction. Thus, the 4.5Mn4.5Ce/Z catalyst performs higher soot combustion catalytic activity.

Graphite cloth was used as the electrode material in the capacitive deionization (CDI) cell. Effects of the technological conditions such as the operating voltage, the flow rate and the thickness of the spacer on the desalination performance of the CDI cell were discussed and analyzed. The results indicate that the desalination efficiency and the specific adsorption capacity both increase at first and then tend to be stable as the operating voltage increasing from 0.8 V to 2.0 V. Along with the increase of the flow rate from 48 mL/min to 238 mL/min, the desalination efficiency and the specific adsorption capacity both increase firstly and then decrease. With the increase of the thickness of the spacer from 0 mm to 1.8 mm, the current efficiency and the specific adsorption capacity reduce firstly and then increase. When the operating voltage is 1.6 V, the flow rate is 142 mL/min and the thickness of the spacer is 1.8 mm, the CDI cell has a better performance with the desalination efficiency of 54.76%, the specific adsorption capacity of 4.29 mg/g and the current efficiency of 10.89%. Under the same optimal technological conditions, the desalination performances of the CDI cell and the membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) cell were studied and compared after 16 h of multiple adsorption/desorption experiments. The experiment results show that during the adsorption stage of the first cycle, the specific adsorption capacity of MCDI is 1.52 times of that of CDI. The desalination efficiency and the current efficiency of MCDI are about an increase of 31.68% and 36.16% compared to CDI, respectively. After 16 h of cyclic test, MCDI cell has a regeneration rate of 99.01%. It turns out that MCDI shows better desalination performance and recyclability than CDI.

The dehydration process of trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate (Na₃PO₄·12H₂O) from 303.15 K to 413.15 K was investigated by using thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), power X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and scanning electron micrograph (SEM). It was found that 11 mol crystal water of trisodium phosphate dodecahydrate was dehydrated from 303.15 K to 393.15 K and the process included multi-step reactions. Activation energies of dehydration at different dehydration rate were calculated by Ozawa equation and Friedman equation, respectively and a good identity of results was reached. The process of dehydration consisted of four steps, which were different in dehydration mechanism. The PXRD and SEM of dehydration products at different temperature showed that it was channel-type inclusion hydrate and crystal structure has transformed during the process of dehydration.

As for the existing problems for the production of alkali metal borohydride via Schlesinger method, to illustrate, high costs for the cycle of mother liquor, lower quality for product caused by the accumulation of by-products, preparation of potassium borohydride by reactive crystallization was established to dispose of the crystallization mother liquor from the production and increase the yield for alkali metal borohydride while maintaining moderate economic benefits. Iodometric method from volumetric analysis, optical microscopy, Malvern Mastersizer 3000 and X-ray diffraction were employed to test the influence of various operating conditions on the product. The result shows that controlling the molar ratio between 1.05 and 1.10, reaction temperature 50℃, cooling rate 10℃·h^-1, keeping temperature 0℃, can ensure the product meet the standards of the chemical industry.

Mass transfer occurs on the wall, two stands of gas collide in channels and form vortexes which strengthen mass transfer, consume lots of energy and increase pressure drop. To decrease pressure drop, a novel structured packing with a baffle in the middle of each mass transfer unit named Mon-JKB-250Y was developed. CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) results show that as the length increases, pressure drop decreases, gas-side total mass transfer efficiency improves and mass transfer coefficient at per pressure drop increases at first and then decreases. There is a best length of baffle.When F=1.2-2.7 m·s^-1· (kg·m^-3)^0.5, mass transfer coefficient at per pressure drop reaches its maximum when the length is 14.7-16.8 mm. Chromochemical reactive flow visualization technique was employed to verify CFD results. Average relative error is less than 10%, which confirms that CFD simulation results are reliable.

The lithium-sulfur battery has many advantages such as high specific capacity, environmentally friendly and cheap materials, which make it a choice for future new energy sources. This review introduced the research background and lithium sulfur batteries discharge principle firstly and then described the latest development of inhibiting shuttle effect in separator side and lithium dendrite in anode side, and prospected the future development of lithium sulfur batteries.

The desiccated waste gas form HRG flocculation line process which is in a Tianjin chemical factory ABS resin unit, contains toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene, VOCs and other pollutants. The pollutants in the waste gas could not meet the requirements of the latest industry special emission limit before upgrading and reconstruction. So the factory improved the existing treatment measures and added the low temperature catalytic oxidation equipment to reach the special emission limit of Emission standard of pollutants for synthetic resin industry (GB 31572-2015) and other latest standard limits. In addition, it can extremely reduce the stink, which comes from the waste gas. This successful project will provide references for waste gas upgrading and reconstruction and stink reduction.