In order to improve the characterization of MnCO₃, a three-dimensional composite of MnCO₃ and carbon black (CB) is built via a quite simple co-precipitation method at room temperature. Firstly we use concentrate HNO₃ to purify and activate the CB, then we put the CB into the mixture of NH₄HCO₃ and MnSO₄ for co-precipitation. We find many negative groups (carboxyl and quinone) on the purified CBs' surface by FT-IR and XPS, which make CB difficult to reunite in the water. MnCO₃ like lotus is mixed with flocculated carbon black with diameter 700 nm which is identified by SEM. The result of XRD shows that the fiber like product is MnCO₃. The cyclic voltammetry of the MnCO₃/CB nanocomposite shows better electrochemical performance than pure MnCO₃. As a new capacitor energy storage material, MnCO₃/CB composite provide a new direction for supercapacitor electrode material.

A series of noble metal-free Mn-K₂CO₃/γ-Al₂O₃ catalysts for NO_x storage and reduction (NSR) with different Mn loadings were prepared via dry impregnation. The effects of manganese loading on the structure and catalytic activity of the NSR catalysts were investigated, and the effects of H₂O and CO₂ on the NO_x storage capacities were also investigated. The techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS), temperature-programmed of H₂ reduction (H₂-TPR) and temperature-programmed desorption of CO₂ (CO₂-TPD), were used to characterize the structure of the catalysts. The results showed that manganese was mainly in the forms of MnO₂ and Mn₃O₄, and there is a small amount of Mn₂O₃. With the increase of Mn loading, the NO_x-redox ability of the catalysts was enhanced. However, with the increase of Mn loading, the specific surface area of the catalysts decreased, resulting in the decrease of the K₂CO₃ distribution and the surface K₂CO₃ gradually turned into bulk K₂CO₃. The NO_x storage capacity (NSC) was affected by the two factors of catalyst redox ability and K₂CO₃ dispersion. When the mass ratio of Mn/Al₂O₃ is 0.10, the catalyst has the largest NSC (1.30 mmol·g^-1). After 10 cycles under lean-burn/fuel-rich conditions, the NO_x reduction efficiency reached as high as 99%. The NSC of the catalyst decreased when H₂O and CO₂ were added to the reaction gas, and the effect of CO₂ was larger than that of H₂O.

To improve the poor cycling performance and low conductivity of SnO₂, SnO₂/C composite was synthesized by hydrothermal process and was used as anode material of lithium battery. The technology of preparation hierarchical SnO₂ was investigated by adjusting the concentration of tin source. The constitution and morphology of material were characterized by XRD and SEM technique. The CV and constant-current charge/discharge were used to analyze the electrochemical performance. Compared with hierarchical SnO₂ electrode, hierarchical SnO₂/C composite electrode exhibits 346.1 mAh·g^-1 at 200 mA·g^-1 after 50 cycles while SnO₂ electrode remain 20.6 mAh·g^-1 at the same condition. At the same time, rate capability is improved by introducing the amorphous carbon.

Organics modified nanotubes was prepared successfully using intercalation and ion exchange method. Effects of DMSO, CH₃OH and HDTMA on structure and adsorption desulfurization performance of halloysite nanotubes(HNTs) were investigated, the influences of adsorption temperature, time and rate were discussed. The modified HNTs were characterized by X-Ray diffractometer, infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and N₂ adsorption-desorption. The results show that the basic tubular structure of HNTs was not destroyed, but the intercalating space and nanotube diameters were changed, after the organics modification, the adsorption desulfurization capability were enhanced, when the temperature is 30℃, adsorption time is 4 hours, and ratio of adsorbent to oil is 1:20, the adsorption capacity of the HDTMA modified HNTs is about 9.42 mg/g, and the desulfurization rate increases to 58.85% from 29.62%.

The composite flocculants were prepared using PAC (Polymeric aluminum chloride)and PDMDAAC (Poly dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride) as raw materials, and was used in purification treatment of seawater. The coagulation process during the treatment of coastal seawater was evaluated by investigating flocculation index(FI), floc thickness and stability kinetics under different PDMDAAC/Al mass ratios. The Box-Behnken response surface methodology was used to study the combined effects of flocculant dosage and pH on turbidity and COD_Mn removal efficiency. The experimental results demonstrated that the composite flocculant had better flocculant efficiency than PAC. The increase in the PDMDAAC/Al mass ratio resulted in a larger flocculation index, flocs thickness and stability kinetics parameter, and the floc sedimentation rate was also increased. The optimal coagulation conditions for the treatment of seawater using PAC-PDMDAAC were as follows:pH 7.5, flocculant dosage 15.3 mg/L. Moreover, the maximum removal rate of COD_Mn and turbidity under optimal conditions reached up to 65.2% and 87.4% respectively, which were consistent with the predicted value by response surface methodology.

The modified Siemens method is the mainstream process of polysilicon production. This review gives a general introduction to the background and status of polysilicon production. The plight in polysilicon industry and the high efficient separation method of trace boron and phosphorus impurities from trichlorosilane in polysilicon production are proposed. The existing form and separation difficulties of trace boron and phosphorus impurities from trichlorosilane in polysilicon production are discussed. The high efficient separation methods of trace boron and phosphorus impurities from trichlorosilane in polysilicon production, including partial hydrolysis、complexation, adsorption etc, are introduced. Through comprehensive classification and discussion, the advantages and disadvantages of the separation methods are summarized, key challenges in industrialization of the separation methods are brought forward, and the application foreground is expected.

The protective performance of polyaniline/epoxy coating was effectively improved by adding appropriate tephra micron particles (TMP). Meanwhile the effect of TMP incorporation content on protective efficiency was investigated. The experiment results indicate that impedance modulus of low frequency for coatings with TMP maintained high levels after 60 days immersion in NaCl solution (95℃, 12%). Among them coating with 10% TMP had the highest impedance modulus, 1.27×10⁹ Ω·cm², which means the coating steel had a well protective performance. In addition, the hybrid coating has improved adhesion strength and outstanding thermal shock resistance.

The effect of temperature, cooling rate and tributy phosphate (TBP) on the metastable zone width (MSZW) of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) was investigated in this work. The MSZW and the apparent nucleation order of ADP under different conditions were calculated. The induction time for ADP with and without TBP was determined, and the nucleation parameters were determined using the classical theory of nucleation. The results show that the MSZW decreases with increasing temperature and the presence of TBP leads to an increase in the MSZW, induction time and nucleation parameters.

A finite element model of decanter centrifuge was established by ANSYS software. The centrifugal hydraulic pressure versus rotational speed and the stress state of the rotor system are obtained through the fluid solid coupling simulation. The maximum pressure of the internal flow field of decanter centrifugal is located in the inner wall of the bowl surface at the exit section of the distributor. And the maximum displacement of the rotor system occurs in the middle of the spiral and the maximum stress is located at the connection point of the spiral blade root and the spiral tube body. Afterwards, the numerical simulation results were certified with the vibration test. A new method for testing the critical speed of the double rotor of the decanter centrifuge is proposed.

The mean droplet size and droplet size distribution are two important parameters for the description of immiscible liquid-liquid dispersion. They are closely related to the contact areas between the two phases which determine the rates of mass and heat transfer and chemical reactions. This work investigated the water-oil dispersion within a stirred tank using CFD method in detail. Results show the dispersion is significantly affected by the impeller speed, dispersed phase volume fraction and continuous phase viscosity. The increase of impeller speed and continuous phase viscosity is beneficial to dispersion when the composition of two phases was constant. The plots of mean droplet size versus impeller speed and that of mean droplet size versus dispersed phase volume fraction give good log-linear correlations, and the relative coefficients are up to 0.999. Besides, the droplet size distributions based on number are found to have bimodal distribution with the variation of impeller speed and continuous phase viscosity, while the droplet size distributions based on volume are unimodal distribution all the time.