It is of great importance in studying volatile organic compounds (VOCs) control techniques because VOCs have harmful effects on ecosystem and human health. Based on introduction of VOCs' characteristics and their hazards, we reviewed the research progresses of several VOCs' control technologies including adsorption method, condensation method, membrane separation method, combustion method and catalytic oxidation method. Moreover, their demands on equipments, stability, advantages and disadvantages are discussed.
Adsorption is an effective technology commonly used for the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from polluted air or exhaust gas, which is largely depend on the surface area and pore volume of adsorbents. Metal-Organic frameworks (MOFs), a new class of materials with extremely large surface area and pore volume, are potentially expected adsorbents for removal of VOCs. In this paper, we outlined the development of MOFs, introduced the synthesis of MOFs and the potential application in adsorptive removal of VOCs in detail, and discussed the perspectives of MOFs as adsorbents in adsorptive removal of VOCs.
The photocatalytic reduction of CO2 produced from hydrocarbon fuels could not only decrease the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere which can solve the environmental issues caused by greenhouse effect, but also provide hydrocarbon fuels with significant economic effect. In this paper, the present research status of photocatalytic reduction of CO2 and the common photocatalyst are reviewed and introduced. In addition, the characteristics of various photcatalyst are analyzed. Finally, the prospects and challenges for the developing of the photocatalyst are presented.
Organic photocatalysts exhibit a wide structural diversity and operate through a variety of photochemical mechanisms. Also, their broadened sunlight absorption allows them to achieve efficient solar energy conversion. Thereby, organic photocatalysts are increasingly employed for environmental remediation (airborne and water decontamination) under visible light irradiation. This article focuses on the molecular structure, the photoreaction mechanisms, and the structure development of organic photocatalysts, during their applications in photoderadation of environmental pollutants.
Chlorine-Containing volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) have received much attention due to their distinct toxicity, high stability and persistence in the environment. It is a great challenge to remove effectively CVOCs from waste gas in the environment control. Catalytic combustion or oxidation is a promising method for removing CVOCs because of its low energy requirement, low capital costs and diminished formation of NOx. Here, the recent progress in the removal of CVOCs via catalytic combustion or oxidation method was reviewed. The typical catalysts used in catalytic combustion of CVOCs were summarized, such as noble metals, transitional metal oxides and perovskite-type catalysts, their nature and performance are discussed in detail. The deactivation and regeneration of catalysts were introduced and the research focus in the future was proposed.
Different carbon-based materials (such as activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, activated carbon fibers and activated carbon honeycomb) supported metal oxides (such as V2O5, MnOx, CeO2, CuO, Fe2O3) catalysts were reviewed as well as their selective catalytic reduction (SCR) performance for nitrogen oxides (NOx) with NH3. Meanwhile, the SO2 and/or H2O resistance of above mentioned SCR catalysts were also summarized. The results provide a reference for the application and development of low-temperature SCR catalysts.
The components and risks of emission from cooking fume were discussed. The pollution features of home cooking fume and progress in its emission control technologies were reviewed in detail, and the characteristics and problems were analyzed. And, novel electrostatic-assisted catalysis method was used for controlling cooking emission in this paper. The national standard for range hood and its development were also discussed.
Electrospinning technology and the performance of the electrostatic spinning air filtration membrane materials were reviewed in detail. Technology problems of the preparation of electrostatic spinning fiber filtering material and improve direction were put forward. The preparation of electrostatic spinning nanometer fiber filtering material and composite modification also were summarized. Finally, the application of electrostatic spinning air filtration material was summarized.
The mesoporous materials Ag/Co3O4-insitu, Ag/Co3O4-post and pure Co3O4 were prepared by different synthesis methods and then their catalytic activity for formaldehyde oxidation were tested. The catalyst prepared by post-impregnation method (Ag/Co3O4-post) showed the best activity. The characterization reveals that the mesoporous structure of Ag/Co3O4-post was destroyed during the Ag loading process, enhancing its reducibility and exposing more Co3+ and O defects, which then strengthen its catalytic activity.
To deal with indoor pollution caused by low-level formaldehyde, manganese oxides supported on granular activated carbon (MnOx/AC) were prepared by in-situ reduction of permanganate with AC at room temperature. The composite MnOx/AC material showed much higher capability to remove formaldehyde, about 4.5 times higher than that of uncoated granular activated carbon. Moreover, the deactivated MnOx/AC can be self-regenerated after it was kept at room temperature for 7 h, and can be repeatedly used. The increased relative humidity would decrease the purification capability of MnOx/AC. However, it showed stable catalytic activity for formaldehyde removal at 60 ℃.