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Current Issue
2003 Vol.20 Issue.4,
Published 2003-07-15
Article
Article
189
Vapor Phase Carbonylation of Methanol on Ni-Zn-Cu/AC Catalysts
MA Zheng-fei,SHI Lei,YAO Hu-qing
Under pressurized conditions in the presence of methyl iodide,Ni,Zn and Cu loaded on the activated carbon has better catalytic activity in the vapor phase carbonylation of methanol to acetic acid,the catalysts were charactered by means of BET,XRD and TPR,the ratios of the three metals loaded were studied.The results indicated that the three metals had synergistic effect,the addition of Cu,Zn to Ni/AC could improve the catalytic activity,the appropriate ratio of the three metals was 5% Ni-5%Zn-5% Cu(wt),under the optimal conditions,conversion of methanol reached to 9458%,yield of acetic acid was 1658%,and the total yield of carbonyl products was 5126%.And the following carbonyl process evaluations showed that,the selectivity of carbonic products and yield of acetic acid were not only depended on the contact time and reaction temperature,but also related to the feed ratio of n (CH3OH/CH3I),n(CO/CH3OH).
2003 Vol. 20 (4): 189-194 [
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195
The Effect of Component of Coal on The Yield of Acetylene in Arc Plasma Pyrolysis
WANG Sheng,CHEN Hong-gang,XIE Ke-changy of Technology,Shanxi Taiyuan 030024,China)
In the paper,we research the plasma pyrolysis of coal with the cultural module compounds and PONA which is often used in petrol chemistry.PONA is a mean to character the fractators of oil.PONA is shorted for Paraffin,Olefin,Naphthene and Aromatic.Investigated the relation of pyrolysis products and its constitute.Using some compounds or mixtures which are similar in components with coal,for instance petrol oil,diesel oil,liquid wax,benzene,toluene,dimethylbenzene,we carried out arc plasma pyrolysis.H2,CO,CO2,CH4,C2H2,C2H4,C2H6 among the products of pyrolysis is identified by in-situ gas chromatographic analysis.Subsequently,compare the experimental results of coal with those of model compounds.It can conclude that acetylene is formed principally from the aliphatic and alicyclic components of coal structure and that coking machanism.These conclusions corresponds very well to archives reported.
2003 Vol. 20 (4): 195-199 [
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200
Study on Wettability of Carbon Black Powder
REN Lan-zheng,WANG Dao-hong,WANG Ri-jie,ZHANG Ji-yan
The wettability is an important property of carbon black.Wetting is a process that gas was replaced by liquid on the solid surface.Contact angle is a preferable criterion in the wettability research of carbon black.Through dynamic method has been determined the contact angle of carbon black and grafted carbon black in some liquids.The results indicate that the wettability of grafted carbon black was much improved.
2003 Vol. 20 (4): 200-204 [
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205
Studies on Preparation of Trimesic From Liquid Phase Oxidation of Mesitylene by Air under Normal Pressure
ZHANG Wei-jiang,TIAN Jun,ZHOU Xin,WANG Wen-xi
Preparation of trimesic from mesitylene in liquid phase oxidation by air under normal pressure was studied.The effects of reaction conditions,such as reaction temperature,reaction time,catalyst,oxidation accelerator and solvent were investigated.The results showed that optimum conditions are:reaction temperature 95℃,reaction time 4h,mesitylene∶glacial acetic acid∶coablt acetate∶sodium bromide (mol)=1∶35∶02∶01.The recovery of trimesic can arrive to 51.63%.The acid value is 75489mg(KOH)/g and the purity is 85% after the analysis of liquid chromatography.
2003 Vol. 20 (4): 205-208 [
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209
Study on Liquid Three-Dimensional Velocity Field on Tray by Computational Fluid Dynamics I
LIU Bo-tan 1,WANG Xiao-ling 2,LI Rui 1,ZHOU Huai 3,LIU Chun-jiang 1,YU Guo-cong 1
In this paper,a new method of measuring liquid three dimensional flow velocity by rotaining the probe in the plane was submitted basing elaborate analyzing of hot film anemometer.Some experiments were done using the method on the commercial-scaled distillation tray,which provided the experimental conformation for the CFD simulation of the distillation tray.And the three-dimensional liquid velocity was acquired.It was found that the vertical velociies in the circulation area and the area near the outlet weir and the wall could not be neglect.Moreover,on some points the vertical velocity was in the same order of magnitude as the horizontal velocity.
2003 Vol. 20 (4): 209-213 [
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214
Study on Liquid Three-Dimensional Velocity Field on Tray by Computational Fluid Dynamics Ⅱ
WANG Xiao-ling 1,LIU Bo-tan 2,LI Rui 2,ZHOU Huai 3,LIU Chun-jiang 2,YU Guo-cong 2
In this paper,the velocity field distribtion was predicted using the three-dimensional version of the computational fluid dynamics(CFD) code STAR-CDV3 1 on a 1 2m diameter no-sieve tray.The K-ε model was adopted to close the Reynolds equation,adn construct a turbulent model.In the calculation,the SIMPLE method of pressure speed amending method,body-fitted and refined mesh were adopted.The Calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental date of the improved hot-film anemometer.The Comparison show that the new method based on theory to measure three-dimensional velocity field in the former paper is successful.
2003 Vol. 20 (4): 214-218 [
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219
New Technology and Its Simulation of Sodium Nitrite Process
XI Fang-zhu,TAN Qiu,YUAN Ji-tang,WANG Bao-he,TIAN Hong-bing
A continuous technology is presented to producing sodium nitrite from the neutralized Na2CO3 solution by tail gas of nitric acid production.The new technology has some new characters,such as:①multi-effect continuous countercurrent evaporation process in adopted;②The first effect evaporator is liquid-immersed type,the others are fall-film evaporators;③flashing crystallization is used by utilized the high pressure of the first effect evaporator.A model of the whole process,which contains evaporator,heat exchanger and flashing crystallization is established.The simulative computation is accomplished by NR method.The result demonstrates the feasibility of the new technology and the economization in heating vapor consume in comparison with the batch evaporation-cold crystallization process that is common in our country.
2003 Vol. 20 (4): 219-224 [
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225
Progress of Polymer/Silicate Nanocomposites
WANG Li-hua,SHENG Jing
Polymer/silicate nanocomposite is a kind of organic/inorganic composite with excellent properties and wide applications.The preparation and properties of this nanocomposite are reviewed in detail.The methods for characterizing nanocomposite and application prospects are described.Also some views of the development in this field are suggested.
2003 Vol. 20 (4): 225-230 [
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231
A Dispersion Model for Stationary Industrial Source Applications-AERMOD
WANG Shu-lan,MENG Zhi-peng,DING Xin-wei
In this paper,the features and the basic formulation of the AERMOD dispersion model,a dispersion model for stationary industrial source applications,will be introduced AERMOD is a Gaussian plume model,which is applicable to a lot of situations.This model include:1)air dispersion funcamentally based on planetary boundary layer turbulence structure,scaling and concepts;2)treatment of both surface and elevated sources;and 3)incorporate simple and complex terrain.
2003 Vol. 20 (4): 231-236 [
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237
Synthesis and Application of 2,3-Dimethylpyrazine
YAO Guang-yuan,FENG Ya-qing
In this paper,various syntheses of 2,3-dimethylpyrazine are reviewed,which raw materials includes from biacetyl and ethylene diamine,or from 2,3-butylene-glycol and ethylene diamine etc. Its application in medicine,pesticides, perfume and analytical chemistry also is described.Furthermore, we think the catalytic reaction in gas-solid phase is the superior developing trend and in this reaction,2,3-butylene-glycol should be replaced by cheap biacetyl.
2003 Vol. 20 (4): 237-242 [
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243
Research Progress in Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Essential Oil
LIU Hong-mei
The importance of Supercritical Fluid Extraction(SFE),a new separation technology,and the latest research activities and progresses in supercritical fluid extraction of essential oil are summarized.The extraction mechanism,mathematical models for the SFE of essential oil,including Two-phase Model, Multi-component Porous Sphere Model with Desorption-dissolution-diffusion, Differential Mass Balance Model etc,are reviewed.Extraction mechanisms and methods for solving the models are analyzed.
2003 Vol. 20 (4): 243-247 [
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248
The Progress on Study of Phosphine Fumigant Gas
ZHAI Yan-ping 1,WANG Jun 1,SHEN Mei-qing 1,LIU Hong-ju 2
2003 Vol. 20 (4): 248-251 [
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