静电纺丝碳纳米纤维催化剂电还原CO<sub>2</sub>的研究现状

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摘要电催化CO₂还原是缓解温室效应的有效措施,然而,该反应动力学缓慢、且伴随析氢反应。因此,开发高性能催化剂成为电催化二氧化碳还原反应(CO₂RR)的研究热点。静电纺丝碳纳米纤维因其比表面积大、导电性高、结构可控等优点,已广泛用于电催化CO₂RR催化剂的开发。从电催化CO₂RR机理出发,讨论了甲酸、一氧化碳、乙烯、乙醇等产物的反应路径,总结了用于电催化CO₂RR的非金属掺杂静电纺丝碳纳米纤维催化剂和静电纺丝碳纳米纤维负载金属催化剂的研究进展。非金属掺杂可以有效改变催化剂的表面缺陷密度、电子结构和表面化学性质,提升了电催化CO₂RR性能;静电纺丝碳纳米纤维使金属原子的d-轨道能级接近费米能级,使其在反应过程中易于接受电子,从而优化催化剂的电子结构,改变电催化CO₂RR反应动力学,提高反应速率。在此基础上提出了静电纺丝碳纳米纤维基电催化CO₂还原催化剂所面临的机遇和挑战。

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	罗璇
	张梦冉
	唐世银
	赵向勃
	田梧桐
	高晓明
	闫挺

关键词：静电纺丝:CO₂ 催化剂电化学还原反应机理

Abstract： Electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction (CO₂RR) is an effective measure to alleviate the greenhouse effect. However, the reaction kinetics is slow and is accompanied by hydrogen evolution. Therefore, the development of catalysts with high performance has become a research hotspot of electrocatalytic CO₂RR. Electrospun carbon nanofibers have been widely used in the development of electrocatalytic CO₂RR catalysts due to their large specific surface area, high conductivity and controllable structure. Based on the mechanism of electrocatalysis of CO₂RR, the reaction paths of formic acid, carbon monoxide, ethylene, ethanol and other products were discussed. The research progress of non-metal doped carbon nanofiber and carbon nanofiber loaded metal catalysts for electrocatalysis of CO₂RR was summarized. Non-metallic doping can effectively change the surface defect density, electronic structure and surface chemical properties of the catalyst, and improve the performance of electrocatalytic CO₂RR. The d-orbital level of the metal atom is close to the Fermi level, which makes it easy to accept electrons in the reaction process, to optimize the electronic structure of the catalyst, change the kinetics of the electrocatalytic CO₂RR reaction, and improve the reaction rate. On this basis, the opportunities and challenges of electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction catalysts for electrospinning carbon nanofibers were put forward.

Keywords： electrospinning CO₂ catalyst electrochemical reduction reaction mechanism

Received 2023-01-09;

Fund:国家自然科学基金项目(22268044);陕西省自然科学基金项目(2021JQ-615)。

Corresponding Authors: 闫挺,博士,E-mail:9992777@163.com;高晓明,教授,E-mail:dawn1026@163.com。 Email: 9992777@163.com;dawn1026@163.com

About author: 罗璇(1996-),女,硕士研究生,现从事电催化还原CO₂方面的研究。

引用本文:

罗璇, 张梦冉, 唐世银, 赵向勃, 田梧桐, 高晓明, 闫挺.静电纺丝碳纳米纤维催化剂电还原CO₂的研究现状[J]. 化学工业与工程, 2024,41(3): 46-55

LUO Xuan, ZHANG Mengran, TANG Shiyin, ZHAO Xiangbo, TIAN Wutong, GAO Xiaoming, YAN Ting.Research status of carbon nanofiber catalysts of electrospinning for electroreduction of CO₂[J]. Chemcial Industry and Engineering, 2024,41(3): 46-55

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