苹果树枝的热解行为及其产物特性研究

摘要热解技术是高效利用生物质资源的重要手段之一,对热解行为及其产物析出规律的研究具有重大意义。基于热重-红外光谱联用(TG-FTIR)、热裂解-气相色谱-质谱联用(Py-GC-MS)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)和拉曼光谱(Raman)技术研究了苹果树枝(AB)的热解行为及其产物特性。结果表明,AB热解的挥发分主要在178.6~459.9 ℃内释放,其失质量率可达53.12%。AB热解产生的气相产物阶段与TG-DTG曲线相对应,以CO、CO₂和含C＝O物质为主,脂肪烃和芳香烃类物质的析出强度极低;挥发性产物中C_≤₁₀的物质占比86.57%,主要为醛酮类、烷烃类、酸类以及芳香类,分别为27.66%、22.79%、14.75%和12.50%。其中,醛酮类以4,4-二甲基-2-氧杂环丁烷酮和丙酮为主;烷烃类主要是环丙烷以及长链烷烃;酸类组分主要为乙酸;芳香类组分由苯、甲苯和2-甲基茚等组成。AB热解过程主要是含氧官能团的分解过程,其振动强度会随着热解终温的升高逐渐减弱。通过Raman分析表明,ABC中芳香结构侧链比例降低,苯环数大于6的芳香环浓度有所增加,石墨化程度增加。

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	尹宁
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	王超凡
	张辛未

关键词：苹果树枝热解行为产物特性 TG-FTIR Py-GC/MS

Abstract： Pyrolysis technology is one of the most important means for the efficient utilization of biomass resources, and research on the pyrolysis process and its products is of great significance. The pyrolysis behavior of apple tree branches (AB) and its product properties were investigated based on thermogravimetric-infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR), pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy (Raman) techniques. The results showed that the volatile compounds of AB pyrolysis were mainly released within the range of 178.6—459.9 ℃, and the weight loss rate was 53.12%. The gaseous products produced by AB pyrolysis corresponded to TG-DTG curves and were dominated by CO, CO₂, and C＝O-containing substances, while the absorption intensity of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons was extremely weak. The volatile products consisted of substances with C_≤10, accounting for 86.57%. The liquid products were mainly aldehydes and ketones, alkanes, acids, and aromatics, with 27.66%, 22.79%, 14.75%, and 12.50%, respectively. Among them, the aldehydes and ketones were mainly 4,4-dimethyl-2-oxetane and acetone. Alkanes were mainly cyclopropane and long-chain alkanes. The acid components were mainly acetic acid. The aromatic components were benzene, toluene and 2-methylindene. AB pyrolysis process is mainly the decomposition of oxygen-containing functional groups, in which the intensity of the vibrations decreases with the increase in pyrolysis temperature. Raman spectra showed that the proportion of aromatic side chains in ABC decreased, the concentration of aromatic rings with a benzene ring number greater than 6 increased, and the graphitization degree increased.

Keywords： apple tree branch pyrolysis behavior product characteristics TG-FTIR Py-GC/MS

Received 2023-05-31;

Fund:国家自然科学基金(51774227);陕西省创新能力支撑计划(2020TD-028)。

Corresponding Authors: 宋永辉,教授,syh1231@126.com;吴雷,讲师,wulei@xauat.edu.cn。 Email: syh1231@126.com;wulei@xauat.edu.cn

About author: 尹宁(1994—),女,博士研究生,主要从事废弃资源再利用的研究。

引用本文:

尹宁, 宋永辉, 吴雷, 董萍, 王超凡, 张辛未.苹果树枝的热解行为及其产物特性研究[J]. 化学工业与工程, 2025,42(2): 116-124

YIN Ning, SONG Yonghui, WU Lei, DONG Ping, WANG Chaofan, ZHANG Xinwei.Pyrolysis behavior and product characteristics of apple branches[J]. Chemcial Industry and Engineering, 2025,42(2): 116-124

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