某混合炸药提取铝工艺与动力学研究

摘要研究了含Al混合炸药中Al的酸解反应工艺条件及动力学行为，考察了反应温度、硫酸浓度、炸药粒度及搅拌强度对反应的影响。结果表明，用稀硫酸溶液酸解Al的较适宜条件为：温度在40~50 ℃之间，硫酸浓度0.8 mol/L，炸药颗粒尺寸50目左右；Al的酸浸过程可用“粒径不变收缩芯模型”描述，符合动力学方程g(x)=1-(1-x)^1/3=kt，为化学反应控制类型，表观活化能为42.392 kJ/mol。在此基础上，经线性回归分析，发现表观反应速率常数k与硫酸初始浓度c₀及炸药粒径1/r₀²成正比例关系。

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	姬文苏
	丁玉奎
	李金明
	陶青青

关键词：酸解反应动力学收缩芯模型

Abstract： The technology and reaction kinetics of leaching Al from the mixed explosive were investigated. The effects of temperature, H₂SO₄ concentration, size of explosive and stirring strength on reaction were discussed. The results show that suitable extraction technology is: reaction temperature between 40 ℃ and 50 ℃, sulfuric acid concentration 0.8 mol/L, size of explosive 50 meshes. The process of leaching Al can be described by shrinking unreacted core model and meet kinetic equation g(x)=1-(1-x)^1/3=kt. The leaching kinetics was contolled by chemical reaction, and appearance activation energy is 42.392 kJ/mol. Linear regression analysis was applied and found that the apparent reacting rate constant was directly proportional to the concentration of H₂SO₄(c₀) and the size of explosive(1/r₀²).

Keywords： acidolysis reaction kinetics shrinking unreacted core model

Fund:

军械工程学院科学研究基金项目（YJJXM10028）；总装预研基金项目（9140A05090410Q0401）。

引用本文:

姬文苏, 丁玉奎, 李金明, 陶青青.某混合炸药提取铝工艺与动力学研究[J]. 化学工业与工程, 2011,28(4): 16-21

JI Wen-Su, DING Yu-Kui, LI Jin-Ming, TAO Qing-Qing.Technology and Kinetics of Leaching Al from Mixed Explosive[J]. Chemcial Industry and Engineering, 2011,28(4): 16-21