微电解-絮凝沉淀协同处理氰化提金废水的研究

摘要采用微电解-絮凝沉淀技术处理高浓度氰化提金废水,主要研究了电压、电解时间、极板间距、温度、聚合氯化铁(PFC)添加量对CN_T、CN^-、Cu和Zn离子去除率的影响及过程反应机制。结果表明:室温条件下,以钛板为阴极、石墨板为阳极,采用一阴两阳电解体系处理氰化提金废水,当PFC添加量为750 mg·L^-1,电压4.5 V,时间3 h,极板间距10 mm时,废水中CN_T、CN^-、Cu和Zn离子的去除率分别为97.29%、97.83%、99.36%和98.74%,处理后废水可直接返回浸出系统。电场作用下废水中原有的Cl^-及PFC解离产生的Cl^-定向迁移至阳极发生氧化反应,产生的Cl₂及ClO^-将阳极附近的游离氰、金属氰络合离子间接氧化生成N₂和CO₂,释放出的重金属离子部分在阴极电沉积析出,部分Cu²⁺会以Cu(OH)₂沉淀形式被去除,Zn²⁺与Cu(CN)^2-₃发生共沉淀以Zn(CN)₂及CuCN沉淀形式被去除。同时,微电解-絮凝与PFC水解互相促进,水解产生的氢氧化物与多核羟基络合物通过吸附、絮凝作用有助于沉淀物的快速沉降。采用该技术可达到快速高效去除氰化物及综合利用有价金属的目的,为氰化提金废水的无害化处理与资源综合利用提供了新的途径。

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	周佳梦
	宋永辉
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	王一帆
	廖龙

关键词：微电解-絮凝沉淀聚合氯化铁氰化提金废水金属氰络合离子

Abstract： Microelectrolysis-flocculation and sedimentation technology was used to treat high-concentration cyanide gold extraction wastewater. The effects of voltage, electrolysis time, electrode spacing, temperature, and polymerization ferric chloride (PFC) addition on the removal rate of CN_T, CN^-, Cu, and Zn ions and its process reaction mechanism were mainly studied. The results show that at room temperature, with titanium plate as cathode and two graphite plates as anodes, this electrolysis system(one cathode and two anodes) was used to treat cyanide wastewater. The removal rates of CN_T, CN^-, Cu, and Zn ions in the wastewater can reach 97.29%, 97.83%, 99.36% and 98.74% respectively when the PFC dosage of 750 mg·L^-1, the voltage of 4.5 V, the time of 3 h and the distance between the plates of 10 mm. And the treated wastewater can be directly returned to the leaching system. Under an electric field, the original Cl^- in the wastewater and the Cl^- generated by the dissociation of the PFC migrate directionally to the anode for oxidation reaction. The free cyanide and metal cyanide complex ions migrating near the anode are oxidized to N₂ and CO₂ indirectly by generated Cl₂ and ClO^-. Some of the heavy metal ions released by the metal cyanide complex ions are electrodeposited at the cathode. Part of Cu²⁺ will be removed in the form of Cu(OH)₂ precipitation, Zn²⁺ and Cu(CN)^2-₃ co-precipitate will be removed in the form of Zn(CN)₂ and CuCN precipitation. Meanwhile, micro-electrolysis-flocculation and PFC hydrolysis promote each other. The hydroxides and polynuclear hydroxyl complexes produced by the hydrolysis contribute to the rapid sedimentation of the precipitate through adsorption and flocculation. The technology can achieve the purpose of rapid and efficient removal of cyanide and comprehensive utilization of valuable metals, providing a new way for the harmless treatment and comprehensive utilization of cyanidation gold extraction wastewater.

Keywords： micro-electrolysis-flocculation precipitation PFC cyanide wastewater metal cyanide complex ion

Received 2022-12-04;

Fund:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51774227);陕西省自然科学基金联合资助项目(2019JLM-44)。

Corresponding Authors: 宋永辉,教授,E-mail:syh1231@126.com。 Email: syh1231@126.com

About author: 周佳梦(1997-),女,硕士研究生,现从事氰化提金废水的处理方面的研究。

引用本文:

周佳梦, 宋永辉, 张盼盼, 王一帆, 廖龙.微电解-絮凝沉淀协同处理氰化提金废水的研究[J]. 化学工业与工程, 2024,41(3): 98-105

ZHOU Jiameng, SONG Yonghui, ZHANG Panpan, WANG Yifan, LIAO Long.Study on synergistic treatment of cyanidation gold extraction wastewater by micro-electrolysis-flocculation precipitation[J]. Chemcial Industry and Engineering, 2024,41(3): 98-105

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