催化层厚度对质子交换膜燃料电池性能影响的数值研究

摘要

采用一维稳态宏观均相模型，首次对不同阴极催化层（CCL）厚度的质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）在全操作电流范围内的功率输出进行了计算和比较。在催化层中各相的体积比不变的前提下，催化层厚度以2种方式变化：一是变化单位面积催化层内的Pt载量；二是变化Pt在碳载铂（Pt/C）催化剂颗粒中的质量分数。2种方式的模拟结果均表明，催化层较厚的PEMFC具有较高的功率输出。但是从提高催化剂利用率角度考虑，第1种催化层厚度变化方式中催化层越薄催化剂利用率越高，第2种方式相反。在本研究设定的CCL参数范围内，最适宜厚度催化层在整个电流密度范围内都使PEMFC有最高的功率输出。

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关键词：质子交换膜燃料电池；阴极催化层厚度；单位面积催化层的Pt载量； Pt在Pt/C颗粒中的质量分数；功率输出

Abstract：

The performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with different cathode catalyst layer (CCL) thicknesses across the whole range of power output are simulated using a one-dimensional steady-state macro-homogeneous model. With the intention of keeping the proportions of all constituents in the CCL invariant,two different ways are chosen to change the CCL thickness. One is to alter the Pt mass loading per unit area of CCL. Another is to vary the Pt mass fraction of Pt/C catalyst particles. The result shows that the calculated best PEMFC performance corresponds to a thicker CCL. However, from the perspective of improving the utilization of catalyst, a thinner CCL for the former method and a thicker CCL for the latter method can ensure catalyst utilization higher. Under given conditions, the best CCL thickness in the sense of high power output holds within the entire operating window of output current.

Keywords： proton exchange membrane fuel cells； cathode catalyst layer thickness； platinum mass loading per unit area of the catalyst layer； platinum mass percentage on Pt/C particles； power output

Received 2015-04-27;

Fund:

国家自然科学基金项目：质子交换膜燃料电池膜电极空间结构的模拟及优化设计（20606025）。

Corresponding Authors: 王宇新,E-mail:yxwang@tju.edu.cn。 Email: yxwang@tju.edu.cn

About author: 王娜(1988—),女,硕士研究生,现从事燃料电池催化层方面的研究。

引用本文:

王娜, 张文, 王宇新.催化层厚度对质子交换膜燃料电池性能影响的数值研究[J]. 化学工业与工程, 2017,34(3): 80-87

Wang Na, Zhang Wen, Wang Yuxin.Numerical Simulation on the Impacts of Catalyst Layer Thickness on Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC)[J]. Chemcial Industry and Engineering, 2017,34(3): 80-87

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