聚乳酸的合成及催化剂研究进展

摘要

聚乳酸是目前最具有发展前景的具有生物相容性的可降解高分子塑料，其合成过程得到了广泛的研究。介绍了聚乳酸2种重要合成途径，间接聚合即开环聚合可以得到高相对分子质量且性质优良的产物，但是合成过程复杂，需要纯化步骤；直接聚合流程简单，产物相对分子质量较低，但直接聚合产物可以通过扩链法和固相缩聚这2种后缩聚方法，或者是共沸缩聚得到性质与开环聚合产物相媲美的产物，因此是降低聚乳酸生产成本的有效方法。此外，综述了合成阶段使用的各类催化剂，并指出开发新型无毒且高效的非金属催化剂是今后的发展趋势。

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	孙永利
	邓林
	肖晓明
	澹台晓伟

关键词：聚乳酸；合成；催化剂

Abstract：

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) has gained enormous attention as a biocompatible and degradable polymer, and the synthesis process have been studied by many researchers. PLA can be prepared by both direct polycondensation (PC) of lactic acid and ring opening polymerization (ROP) of the cyclic lactide dimer. PLA with high molecular weights and excellent mechanical properties can be synthesized by ROP, however, the route is complex and requires many purification steps. PLA with low molecular weight can be produced by PC which is a rather simple route, and the polymer which has similar properties to PLA produced by ROP can be obtained by azeotropic condensation polymerization or post processing:chain extending and melt-solid polycondensation. These methods are effective ways to reduce expenditure and are studied by many research groups. Different kinds of catalysts used in the synthesis are also summarized in this paper, and effective, non-metal catalysts without toxicity deserve more attention.

Keywords： poly(lactic acid)； synthesis； catalysts

Received 2015-04-16;

Corresponding Authors: 肖晓明,E-mail:xmxiao@tju.edu.cn。 Email: xmxiao@tju.edu.cn

About author: 孙永利(1967-),男,博士,副研究员,研究方向为化工传质与分离工程。

引用本文:

孙永利, 邓林, 肖晓明, 澹台晓伟.聚乳酸的合成及催化剂研究进展[J]. 化学工业与工程, 2016,33(6): 19-25

Sun Yongli, Deng Lin, Xiao Xiaoming, Tantai Xiaowei.Progress in Synthesis and Catalyst of Poly(lactic acid)[J]. Chemcial Industry and Engineering, 2016,33(6): 19-25

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