硅藻土复合絮凝剂的制备及其对污染海水的混凝效能

摘要

采用焙烧和碱浸法对硅藻原土进行提纯活化处理,对提纯前后硅藻土的比表面积、SEM进行表征,确定了硅藻原土的最适宜焙烧温度和碱浸浓度.选用提纯后的硅藻土为原料,以硫酸铁为改性剂制备硅藻土复合絮凝剂,考察了硅藻土复合絮凝剂对污染海水氨氮、总磷和COD_Mn的混凝效果,并通过iPDA在线监测技术对其混凝特性进行了初步研究.实验结果表明,吉林长白县硅藻原土的最适宜焙烧温度为500 ℃,硅藻土101和104的最适宜NaOH浸洗浓度分别为1 mol/L和4 mol/L,提纯活化后的硅藻土表面微孔更加明显,比表面积较原土有一定程度的增大.改性硅藻土101与硫酸铁按质量比9:1制成的硅藻土复合絮凝剂对污染海水具有最好的混凝效果,当硅藻土复合絮凝剂投加量为60 mg/L时,对污染海水中氨氮、总磷和COD_Mn的去除率分别为26.25%、94.81%和44.42%,比单独采用硫酸铁作为絮凝剂时的去除率分别提高了3.93%、12.54%和6.09%.

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	王文华
	姜天翔
	张晓青
	邱金泉
	王静
	张雨山

关键词：硅藻土；污染海水；混凝；去除效果

Abstract：

Purification and activation of raw diatomite were operated by calcination and alkaline treatment. The raw diatomite and purified diatomite were characterized by BET adsorption and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine the optimal condition of calcination and alkaline treatment. The diatomite composite flocculant was prepared by using purified diatomite and ferric sulphate. The removal efficiency of ammonium nitrogen (NH₃-N), total phosphorous (TP) and COD_Mn were investigated by coagulation with diatomite composite flocculant. The optimal calcination temperature for the raw diatomite produced from Jinlin Changbai was 500 ℃. The NaOH concentration of alkaline treatment for diatomite-101 and diatomite-104 were 1 mol/L and 4 mol/L respectively. After purification and activation, the micropores structure was more evident and the specific surface area was higher. The excellent coagulation effects were obtained when the diatomite composite flocculant was prepared by placing purified diatomite with ferric sulphate at the ratio of 9:1. At the diatomite composite flocculant dosing rate of 60 mg/L, the removal efficiencies for NH₃-N, TP and COD_Mn were 26.25%, 94.81% and 44.42% respectively. A comparison between ferric sulphate and diatomite composite flocculant showed that the removal efficiencies for NH₃-N, TP and COD_Mn were improved by 3.93%, 12.54% and 6.09% respectively.

Keywords： diatomite； polluted seawater； coagulation； removal efficiency

Received 2014-03-19;

Fund:

国家海洋局青年海洋科学基金(2013542),海洋公益性行业科研专项项目(201105026),中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(K-JBYWF-2013-G3).

Corresponding Authors: 张雨山,E-mail: yushanzhang@hotmail.com. Email: yushanzhang@hotmail.com

About author: 王文华(1985-),男,博士,工程师,主要从事海水净化与水再利用技术研究.

引用本文:

王文华, 姜天翔, 张晓青, 邱金泉, 王静, 张雨山.硅藻土复合絮凝剂的制备及其对污染海水的混凝效能[J]. 化学工业与工程, 2015,32(6): 41-46

Wang Wenhua, Jiang Tianxiang, Zhang Xiaoqing, Qiu Jinquan, Wang Jing, Zhang Yushan.Preparation of Diatomite Composite Flocculant and Its Coagulation Efficiency for Polluted Seawater[J]. Chemcial Industry and Engineering, 2015,32(6): 41-46

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